Disordered Pharmaceutical Materials


Book Description

A one-stop resource for researchers, developers, and post graduate students in pharmaceutical science. This handbook and ready reference provides detailed, but not overloaded information -- presenting the topic without unnecessarily complex formalism. As such, it gives a systematic and coherent overview of disordered materials for pharmaceutical applications, covering fundamental aspects, as well as preparation and characterization techniques for the target-oriented development of drug delivery systems based on disordered crystals and amorphous solids. Special attention is paid to examine the different facets and levels of disorder in their structural and dynamic aspects as well as the effect of disorder on dissolution and stability. Chapters on processing induced disorder and on patenting issues round off the book. As a result the book helps overcoming the challenges of using these materials in the pharmaceutical industry. For pharmaceutical and medicinal chemists, materials scientists, clinical physicists, and pharmaceutical laboratories looking to make better and more potent pharmaceuticals.




Amorphous Food and Pharmaceutical Systems


Book Description

During the past decade, the importance of amorphous water-soluble substances has been increasingly recognised within the food and pharmaceutical industries. In response, Amorphous Food and Pharmaceutical Systems brings together current leading experts to contribute to this unique cross-disciplinary account of the subject. Coverage includes: water-compatible amorphous solids (physical, chemical behaviour), low water content systems (water as plasticizer); applications in food and pharmaceutical sciences and industries (processing and stability) along with state-of-the-art technology in food and pharmaceutical systems. This timely publication will be welcomed by academic and industrial researchers and professionals in the pharmaceuticals, food, materials and polymer sciences.




Solid-State Properties of Pharmaceutical Materials


Book Description

Presents a detailed discussion of important solid-state properties, methods, and applications of solid-state analysis Illustrates the various phases or forms that solids can assume and discussesvarious issues related to the relative stability of solid forms and tendencies to undergo transformation Covers key methods of solid state analysis including X-ray powder diffraction, thermal analysis, microscopy, spectroscopy, and solid state NMR Reviews critical physical attributes of pharmaceutical materials, mainly related to drug substances, including particle size/surface area, hygroscopicity, mechanical properties, solubility, and physical and chemical stability Showcases the application of solid state material science in rational selection of drug solid forms, analysis of various solid forms within drug substance and the drug product, and pharmaceutical product development Introduces appropriate manufacturing and control procedures using Quality by Design, and other strategies that lead to safe and effective products with a minimum of resources and time




Polymorphism in the Pharmaceutical Industry


Book Description

"Polymorphism in the Pharmaceutical Industry - Solid Form and Drug Development" highlights the relevance of polymorphism in modern pharmaceutical chemistry, with a focus on quality by design (QbD) concepts. It covers all important issues by way of case studies, ranging from properties and crystallization, via thermodynamics, analytics and theoretical modelling right up to patent issues. As such, the book underscores the importance of solid-state chemistry within chemical and pharmaceutical development. It emphasizes why solid-state issues are important, the approaches needed to avoid problems and the opportunities offered by solid-state properties. The authors include true polymorphs as well as solvates and hydrates, while providing information on physicochemical properties, crystallization thermodynamics, quantum-mechanical modelling, and up-scaling. Important analytical tools to characterize solid-state forms and to quantify mixtures are summarized, and case studies on solid-state development processes in industry are also provided. Written by acknowledged experts in the field, this is a high-quality reference for researchers, project managers and quality assurance managers in pharmaceutical, agrochemical and fine chemical companies as well as for academics and newcomers to organic solid-state chemistry.




NMR in Pharmaceutical Science


Book Description

NMR in Pharmaceutical Sciences is intended to be a comprehensive source of information for the many individuals that utilize MR in studies of relevance to the pharmaceutical sector. The book is intended to educate and inform those who develop and apply MR approaches within the wider pharmaceutical environment, emphasizing the toolbox that is available to spectroscopists and radiologists. This book is structured on the key processes in drug discovery, development and manufacture, but underpinned by an understanding of fundamental NMR principles and the unique contribution that NMR (including MRI) can provide. After an introductory chapter, which constitutes an overview, the content is organised into five sections. The first section is on the basics of NMR theory and relevant experimental methods. The rest follow a sequence based on the chronology of drug discovery and development, firstly 'Idea to Lead' then 'Lead to Drug Candidate', followed by 'Clinical Development', and finally 'Drug Manufacture'. The thirty one chapters cover a vast range of topics from analytical chemistry, including aspects involved in regulatory matters and in the prevention of fraud, to clinical imaging studies. Whilst this comprehensive volume will be essential reading for many scientists based in pharmaceutical and related industries, it should also be of considerable value to a much wider range of academic scientists whose research is related to the various aspects of pharmaceutical R&D; for them it will supply vital understanding of pharmaceutical industrial concerns and the basis of key decision making processes. About eMagRes Handbooks eMagRes (formerly the Encyclopedia of Magnetic Resonance) publishes a wide range of online articles on all aspects of magnetic resonance in physics, chemistry, biology and medicine. The existence of this large number of articles, written by experts in various fields, is enabling the publication of a series of eMagRes Handbooks on specific areas of NMR and MRI. The chapters of each of these handbooks will comprise a carefully chosen selection of eMagRes articles. In consultation with the eMagRes Editorial Board, the eMagRes handbooks are coherently planned in advance by specially-selected Editors, and new articles are written to give appropriate complete coverage. The handbooks are intended to be of value and interest to research students, postdoctoral fellows and other researchers learning about the scientific area in question and undertaking relevant experiments, whether in academia or industry. Have the content of this handbook and the complete content of eMagRes at your fingertips! Visit: www.wileyonlinelibrary.com/ref/eMagRes




Amorphous Drugs


Book Description

This book explains theoretical and technological aspects of amorphous drug formulations. It is intended for all those wishing to increase their knowledge in the field of amorphous pharmaceuticals. Conversion of crystalline material into the amorphous state, as described in this book, is a way to overcome limited water solubility of drug formulations, in this way enhancing the chemical activity and bioavailability inside the body. Written by experts from various fields and backgrounds, the book introduces to fundamental physical aspects (explaining differences between the ordered and the disordered solid states, the enhancement of solubility resulting from drugs amorphization, physical instability and how it can be overcome) as well as preparation and formulation procedures to produce and stabilize amorphous pharmaceuticals. Readers will thus gain a well-funded understanding and find a multi-faceted discussion of the properties and advantages of amorphous drugs and of the challenges in producing and stabilizing them. The book is an ideal source of information for researchers and students as well as professionals engaged in research and development of amorphous pharmaceutical products.




Solid State Characterization of Pharmaceuticals


Book Description

The field of solid state characterization is central to the pharmaceutical industry, as drug products are, in an overwhelming number of cases, produced as solid materials. Selection of the optimum solid form is a critical aspect of the development of pharmaceutical compounds, due to their ability to exist in more than one form or crystal structure (polymorphism). These polymorphs exhibit different physical properties which can affect their biopharmaceutical properties. This book provides an up-to-date review of the current techniques used to characterize pharmaceutical solids. Ensuring balanced, practical coverage with industrial relevance, it covers a range of key applications in the field. The following topics are included: Physical properties and processes Thermodynamics Intellectual guidance X-ray diffraction Spectroscopy Microscopy Particle sizing Mechanical properties Vapour sorption Thermal analysis & Calorimetry Polymorph prediction Form selection




Pharmaceutical Crystals


Book Description

An important resource that puts the focus on understanding and handling of organic crystals in drug development Since a majority of pharmaceutical solid-state materials are organic crystals, their handling and processing are critical aspects of drug development. Pharmaceutical Crystals: Science and Engineering offers an introduction to and thorough coverage of organic crystals, and explores the essential role they play in drug development and manufacturing. Written contributions from leading researchers and practitioners in the field, this vital resource provides the fundamental knowledge and explains the connection between pharmaceutically relevant properties and the structure of a crystal. Comprehensive in scope, the text covers a range of topics including: crystallization, molecular interactions, polymorphism, analytical methods, processing, and chemical stability. The authors clearly show how to find solutions for pharmaceutical form selection and crystallization processes. Designed to be an accessible guide, this book represents a valuable resource for improving the drug development process of small drug molecules. This important text: Includes the most important aspects of solid-state organic chemistry and its role in drug development Offers solutions for pharmaceutical form selection and crystallization processes Contains a balance between the scientific fundamental and pharmaceutical applications Presents coverage of crystallography, molecular interactions, polymorphism, analytical methods, processing, and chemical stability Written for both practicing pharmaceutical scientists, engineers, and senior undergraduate and graduate students studying pharmaceutical solid-state materials, Pharmaceutical Crystals: Science and Engineering is a reference and textbook for understanding, producing, analyzing, and designing organic crystals which is an imperative skill to master for anyone working in the field.




Impedance Spectroscopy


Book Description

The Essential Reference for the Field, Featuring Protocols, Analysis, Fundamentals, and the Latest Advances Impedance Spectroscopy: Theory, Experiment, and Applications provides a comprehensive reference for graduate students, researchers, and engineers working in electrochemistry, physical chemistry, and physics. Covering both fundamentals concepts and practical applications, this unique reference provides a level of understanding that allows immediate use of impedance spectroscopy methods. Step-by-step experiment protocols with analysis guidance lend immediate relevance to general principles, while extensive figures and equations aid in the understanding of complex concepts. Detailed discussion includes the best measurement methods and identifying sources of error, and theoretical considerations for modeling, equivalent circuits, and equations in the complex domain are provided for most subjects under investigation. Written by a team of expert contributors, this book provides a clear understanding of impedance spectroscopy in general as well as the essential skills needed to use it in specific applications. Extensively updated to reflect the field’s latest advances, this new Third Edition: Incorporates the latest research, and provides coverage of new areas in which impedance spectroscopy is gaining importance Discusses the application of impedance spectroscopy to viscoelastic rubbery materials and biological systems Explores impedance spectroscopy applications in electrochemistry, semiconductors, solid electrolytes, corrosion, solid state devices, and electrochemical power sources Examines both the theoretical and practical aspects, and discusses when impedance spectroscopy is and is not the appropriate solution to an analysis problem Researchers and engineers will find value in the immediate practicality, while students will appreciate the hands-on approach to impedance spectroscopy methods. Retaining the reputation it has gained over years as a primary reference, Impedance Spectroscopy: Theory, Experiment, and Applications once again present a comprehensive reference reflecting the current state of the field.




Discovering and Developing Molecules with Optimal Drug-Like Properties


Book Description

This authoritative volume provides a contemporary view on the latest research in molecules with optimal drug-like properties. It is a valuable source to access current best practices as well as new research techniques and strategies. Written by leading scientists in their fields, the text consists of fourteen chapters with an underlying theme of early collaborative opportunities between pharmaceutical and discovery sciences. The book explores the practical realities of performing physical pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical research in the context of drug discovery with short timelines and low compound availability. Chapters cover strategies and tactics to enable discovery as well as predictive approaches to establish, understand and communicate risks in early development. It also examines the detection, characterization, and assessment of risks on the solid state properties of advanced discovery and early development candidates, highlighting the link between solid state properties and critical development parameters such as solubility and stability. Final chapters center on techniques to improve molecular solubilization and prevent precipitation, with particularly emphasis on linking physiochemical properties of molecules to formulation selection in preclinical and clinical settings.