Early Modern Corpse and Shakespeare's Theatre


Book Description

Within a theoretical framework that makes use of history, psychoanalysis and anthropology, The Early Modern Corpse and Shakespeare's Theatre explores the relationship of the public theatre to the question of what constituted the 'dead' in early modern English culture.Susan Zimmerman argues that concepts of the corpse as a semi-animate, generative and indeterminate entity were deeply rooted in medieval religious culture. Such concepts ran counter to early modern discourses that sought to harden categorical distinctions between body/spirit, animate/inanimate - in particular, the attacks of Reformists on the materiality of 'dead' idols, and the rationale of the new anatomy for publicly dissecting 'dead' bodies. Zimmerman contends that within this context, theatrical representations of the corpse or corpse/revenant - as seen here in the tragedies of Shakespeare and his contemporaries - uniquely showcased the theatre's own ideological and performative agency. Features*Original in its conjunction of critical theory (Bataille, Kristeva, Lacan, Benjamin) with an historical account of the shifting status of the corpse in late medieval and early modern England.*The first study to demonstrate connections between the meanings attached to the material body in early modern Protestantism, the practice of anatomical dissection, and the English public theatre.*Strong market appeal to scholars and graduate students with interests in the theatre of Shakespeare and his contemporaries, early modern religion and science, and literary theory. *Relevant to advanced undergraduates taking widely taught courses in Shakespeare and in Renaissance drama.




The Early Modern Corpse and Shakespeare's Theatre


Book Description

Within a theoretical framework that makes use of history, psychoanalysis and anthropology, The Early Modern Corpse and Shakespeare's Theatre explores the relationship of the public theatre to the question of what constituted the 'dead' in early modern English culture. Susan Zimmerman argues that concepts of the corpse as a semi-animate, generative and indeterminate entity were deeply rooted in medieval religious culture. Such concepts ran counter to early modern discourses that sought to harden categorical distinctions between body/spirit, animate/inanimate - in particular, the attacks of Reformists on the materiality of 'dead' idols, and the rationale of the new anatomy for publicly dissecting 'dead' bodies. Zimmerman contends that within this context, theatrical representations of the corpse or corpse/revenant - as seen here in the tragedies of Shakespeare and his contemporaries - uniquely showcased the theatre's own ideological and performative agency. Key Features Original in its conjunction of critical theory (Bataille, Kristeva, Lacan, Benjamin) with an historical account of the shifting status of the corpse in late medieval and early modern England. The first study to demonstrate connections between the meanings attached to the material body in early modern Protestantism, the practice of anatomical dissection, and the English public theatre. Strong market appeal to scholars and graduate students with interests in the theatre of Shakespeare and his contemporaries, early modern religion and science, and literary theory. Relevant to advanced undergraduates taking widely taught courses in Shakespeare and in Renaissance drama.




Performances of Mourning in Shakespearean Theatre and Early Modern Culture


Book Description

This study takes a look at a controversial question: what do the acts and shows of grief performed in early modern drama tell us about the religious culture of the world in which they were historically staged? Drawing on performance studies, it provides detailed readings of play texts to explore the politics, pathologies and parodies of mourning.




Entertaining Uncertainty in the Early Modern Theater


Book Description

Lauren Robertson's original study shows that the theater of Shakespeare and his contemporaries responded to the crises of knowledge that roiled through early modern England by rendering them spectacular. Revealing the radical, exciting instability of the early modern theater's representational practices, Robertson uncovers the uncertainty that went to the heart of playgoing experience in this period. Doubt was not merely the purview of Hamlet and other onstage characters, but was in fact constitutive of spectators' imaginative participation in performance. Within a culture in the midst of extreme epistemological upheaval, the commercial theater licensed spectators' suspension among opposed possibilities, transforming dubiety itself into exuberantly enjoyable, spectacular show. Robertson shows that the playhouse was a site for the entertainment of uncertainty in a double sense: its pleasures made the very trial of unknowing possible.




Drugs and Theater in Early Modern England


Book Description

Drugs and Theater in Early Modern England asks why Shakespeare and his contemporary playwrights were so preoccupied with drugs and poisons and, at a deeper level, why both critics and supporters of the theater, as well as playwrights themselves, so frequently adopted a chemical vocabulary to describe the effects of the theater on audiences. Drawing upon original medical and literary research, Pollard shows that the potency of the link between drugs and plays in the period demonstrates a model of drama radically different than our own, a model in which plays exert a powerful impact on spectators' bodies as well as minds. Early modern physiology held that the imagination and emotions were part of the body, and exerted a material impact on it, yet scholars of medicine and drama alike have not recognised the consequences of this idea. Plays, which alter our emotions and thought, simultaneously change us physically. This book argues that the power of the theater in early modern England, as well as the striking hostility to it, stems from the widely held contemporary idea that drama acted upon the body as well as the mind. In yoking together pharmacy and theater, this book offers a new model for understanding the relationship between texts and bodies. Just as bodies are constituted in part by the imaginative fantasies they consume, the theater's success (and notoriety) depends on its power over spectators' bodies. Drugs, which conflate concerns about unreliable appearances and material danger, evoked fascination and fear in this period by identifying a convergence point between the imagination and the body, the literary and the scientific, the magical and the rational. This book explores that same convergence point, and uses it to show the surprising physiological powers attributed to language, and especially to the embodied language of the theater.




Shakespeare Studies


Book Description

Shakespeare Studies is an international volume published every year in hard cover that contains essays and studies by critics and cultural historians from both hemispheres. Although the journal maintains a focus on the theatrical milieu of Shakespeare and his contemporaries, it is also concerned with Britain's intellectual and cultural connections to the continent, its sociopolitical history, and its place in the emerging globalism of the period. In addition to articles, the journal includes substantial reviews of significant publications dealing with these issues, as well as theoretical studies relevant to scholars of early modem culture. Volume XXXVI features another in the journal's ongoing series of Forums, in which scholars exchange views on an issue of importance to early modern studies. Organized and introduced by Patrick Cheney, the Forum is entitled The Return of the Author and includes commentary by ten contributors considering the issue of authorship in a postmodern milieu. Volume XXXVI also features essays on Shakespeare's Hamlet, Henry V, and Richard II and an essay on Marlowe's Doctor Faustus, as well as fourteen reviews by scholars on such wide-ranging topics as early modern cultural capitals, the Jamestown project, shaping sound in Renaissance England, the places of London comedy, Shakespeare's Shylock, and the connections between animals, rationality, and humanity in Shakespeare's time. Susan Zimmerman is Professor of English at Queens College, CUNY. Garrett Sullivan is Associate Professor of English at Pennsylvania State University.




Staging Death: the Corpse in Renaissance Drama


Book Description

The study of the body during the Renaissance became a critical focus in the 2000s. Works such as Michael Schoenfeldt's Bodies and Selves in Early Modern England (2000) and Susan Zimmerman's 2005 The Early Modern Corpse and Shakespeare 's Theatre exhumed the corpse for understanding the impact of the material body on literature and culture. In my dissertation I go beyond the important groundwork laid by these texts by dissecting the material reality of the staged corpse. I consider how the staged corpse achieved an apogee when high mortality rates, radical changes in belief and a cultural shift away from the traditional rigidity of the feudal system all combined to make the corpse a marker of changing social reality in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. I analyze the relationship between contemporary beliefs about the dead and dramatic representation of the corpse. Renaissance beliefs varied with a deeply rooted concern over the place of the dead. This growing array of beliefs was reflected in shifting practices. For example, The Book of Common Prayer moved from acknowledging the dead as present in early funeral rites to absent. Funerary practice surrounding official doctrine followed an inverse trajectory as the impersonal heraldic funeral was replaced by highly individualistic nocturnal funerals of the Jacobean period. My dissertation uncovers and investigates the connections between these two seemingly opposite trends as they play out in drama. The centrality and number of dramatically significant corpses staged in this period is staggering. I argue that the corpse served to present and challenge vital cultural concerns using the dead body as a major focus of dramatic interest. The staged presence of Andrea throughout The Spanish Tragedy directly addressed the growing cultural concern with the re-shaping and questioning of the spatial layout of the afterlife. Both Titus Andronicus and Hamlet raised questions about what kind of expiation is demanded and deserved by the dead and its effect on the living. Finally, both Samson Agonistes and The Revenger's Tragedy raised chilling questions about the ontological status of the dead in regard to predestination and free will.




The Arts of Remembrance in Early Modern England


Book Description

The early modern period inherited a deeply-ingrained culture of Christian remembrance that proved a platform for creativity in a remarkable variety of forms. From the literature of church ritual to the construction of monuments; from portraiture to the arrangement of domestic interiors; from the development of textual rites to drama of the contemporary stage, the early modern world practiced 'arts of remembrance' at every turn. The turmoils of the Reformation and its aftermath transformed the habits of creating through remembrance. Ritually observed and radically reinvented, remembrance was a focal point of the early modern cultural imagination for an age when beliefs both crossed and divided communities of the faithful. The Arts of Remembrance in Early Modern England maps the new terrain of remembrance in the post-Reformation period, charting its negotiations with the material, the textual and the performative.




Shakespeare's Violated Bodies


Book Description

This fascinating study looks at the violation of bodies in Shakespeare's tragedies, especially as revealed (or concealed) in performance on stage and screen. Pascale Aebischer discusses stage and screen performances of Titus Andronicus, Hamlet, Othello and King Lear with a view to showing how bodies which are virtually absent from both playtexts and critical discourse (due to silence, disability, marginalisation, racial otherness or death) can be prominent in performance, where their representation reflects the cultural and political climate of the production.




Shakespeare’s Props


Book Description

Cognitive approaches to drama have enriched our understanding of Early Modern playtexts, acting and spectatorship. This monograph is the first full-length study of Shakespeare’s props and their cognitive impact. Shakespeare’s most iconic props have become transhistorical, transnational metonyms for their plays: a strawberry-spotted handkerchief instantly recalls Othello; a skull Hamlet. One reason for stage properties’ neglect by cognitive theorists may be the longstanding tendency to conceptualise props as detachable body parts: instead, this monograph argues for props as detachable parts of the mind. Through props, Shakespeare’s characters offload, reveal and intervene in each other’s cognition, illuminating and extending their affect. Shakespeare’s props are neither static icons nor substitutes for the body, but volatile, malleable, and dangerously exposed extensions of his characters’ minds. Recognising them as such offers new readings of the plays, from the way memory becomes a weapon in Hamlet’s Elsinore, to the pleasures and perils of Early Modern gift culture in Othello. The monograph illuminates Shakespeare’s exploration of extended cognition, recollection and remembrance at a time when the growth of printing was forcing Renaissance culture to rethink the relationship between memory and the object. Readings in Shakespearean stage history reveal how props both carry audience affect and reveal cultural priorities: some accrue cultural memories, while others decay and are forgotten as detritus of the stage.