Ecotoxicity and Human Health


Book Description

Ecotoxicity and Human Health emphasizes the relationships between toxicity, ecological systems, and human health. It focuses on the extent and nature of hazardous waste sites and how their effects may be studied in humans and other systems, using in vitro models, biomarkers of cellular and molecular damage, and animal models. It also includes considerable information on bioremediation, legal and regulatory issues, public perceptions and societal responses, quantitative modeling and analysis, and international directives. One of the unique features of Ecotoxicity and Human Health is its coverage of the legislative actions that have occurred over the past two decades and which have most affected the issue of hazardous waste. The book discusses the Superfund Statute, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), the Ocean Dumping Act of 1972, the Rio Conference, United Nations Declarations, EC Regulations and Directives, and selected state legislation.




Ecotoxicity and Human Health


Book Description




Nanomaterials for Environmental Protection


Book Description

This book is divided into four main sections thoroughly analyzing the use of nanomaterials for water, air and soil solutions, and emphasizing environmental risks. Providing background on nanomaterials' two-decade study, it discusses the characterization and application of unconventional disinfectants, called antimicrobial nanomaterials, which fall into three categories and, while seemingly harmless, have potential hazards if applied improperly. Special attention is given to the process of remediation, synthetics techniques, and properties of nanomaterials, with examples to which new and trained readers in the field can relate and understand. an interdisciplinary approach, aimed at scientists in physical chemistry, nanotechnology, and environmental sciences includes applications of non-conventional techniques in environmental protection furthers the development of applied nanoscience and nanotechnology suggests new industrial projects and university courses addressing nanotechnology in and for the environment includes applications for water, air and soil protection




Calculated Risks


Book Description

Safeguarding economic prosperity, whilst protecting human health and the environment, is at the forefront of scientific and public interest. This book provides a practical and balanced view on toxicology, control, risk assessment and risk management, addressing the interplay between science and public health policy. This revised edition provides a detailed analysis on chemical and by-product exposure, how they enter the body and the suitability of imposed safety limits. Chapters on dose, with particular emphasis on children and vulnerable subpopulations, reproductive and developmental toxicants and toxicity testing are included. With updated and comprehensive coverage of international developments of risk management and safety, this will have broad appeal to researchers and professionals involved in chemical safety and regulation as well as the general reader interested in environmental pollution and public health.




A Handbook of Environmental Toxicology


Book Description

Written by an international team of authors from a range of educational, medical and research establishments, this book is an essential reference for advanced students and researchers in the areas of environmental sciences, ecology, agriculture, environmental health and medicine, in addition to industry and government personnel responsible for environmental regulations and directives. A Handbook of Environmental Toxicology focuses on two key aspects: human disorders and ecotoxicology as affected by major toxins originating from biological sources and pollutants, as well as radiation generated spontaneously or as a result of anthropogenic activity. A diverse array of these potentially harmful agents regularly appear in the atmosphere, soil, water and food, compromising both human health and biodiversity in natural and managed ecosystems.




Impact of Heavy Metals on the Environment


Book Description

Highlighted in this compilation of papers is the role and importance of heavy metals in the environment. It provides up-to-date information in a field of active research and progress, where the focus is on effects and interactions between the environment and organisms, as well as contaminant dynamics. Several papers address the impact of heavy metals on our health. The influence of metals on plants is described in an exhaustive study on lichens, which have been widely used as biomonitors for environmental contamination by heavy metals. Metals are also accumulated by animals, as seen in a chapter which focusses on sediment/benthic organism interactions and biomonitoring in fish. Soil interactions are discussed, as well as regional studies of freshwater sediments and the marine environment. The final part of the book addresses a crucial problem: the management of stabilized municipal waste sludges. As a result, the most important and significant recent trends are included, emphasizing interactions with and impacts of heavy metals on humans, animals, plants and soils.




Emerging Chemicals and Human Health


Book Description

This book mainly focuses on advances made over the past 10 years regarding the exposure, metabolism, transformation, toxicity, molecular mechanism and biomarkers for emerging chemicals in humans. A hot topic in the field of environmental health, the term “emerging chemicals” refers to a class of compounds that are frequently encountered and potentially harmful to the natural environment and human health. They are also the preferred target substances for future environmental control measures. The list of emerging chemicals includes pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs), endocrine disruptor chemicals (EDC), persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and nanomaterials. However, the environmental and health hazard characteristics of many emerging chemicals remain unclear. The aim of this book is to stimulate further research in new directions by providing novel and provocative insights into the exposure assessment of and potential mechanisms regarding emerging chemicals in humans. It also offers a state-of-the-art report on recent discoveries concerning emerging chemicals and where the field is headed.




Ecosystems and Human Health


Book Description

Renamed to reflect the expanded scope of the second edition, Ecosystems and Human Health: Toxicology and Environmental Hazards builds on the foundation created by the author in the first edition, Environmental Hazards and Human Health. Written in a journalistic, easily accessible style, this book bridges the gap between toxicology and environmental sciences by exploring man-made and natural hazards, and the risks they pose to wildlife and human health. See what's new in the Second Edition: Coverage of environmental hormone disrupters Section on Multiple Chemical Sensitivity Expanded discussion of the controversy over genetically modified foods New information on mechanisms of action of marine venoms and poisons Ecosystems and Human Health: Toxicology and Environmental Hazards, Second Edition explores the broad range of environmental and human health aspects of chemical and biological hazards. The author covers the basic principles of pharmacology and toxicology as well as risk analysis, air and water pollution, and various toxicants, hazards, and poisons. He presents numerous examples of the intimate relationship between ecosystem health and human health and of the need to consider this relationship whenever human activities are likely to have a significant environmental impact.




A Practical Guide to Toxicology and Human Health Risk Assessment


Book Description

Toxicology – the study of the adverse effects of chemicals on living organisms is the cornerstone to all aspects of chemical safety and knowledge of the subject is needed in a wide spectrum of fields from the chemical industry to medicine, emergency services, forensics, and regulatory science. Toxicology involves the study of symptoms, mechanisms, treatments and detection of poisoning ... especially the poisoning of people. The many problems arising from a poor understanding of toxicology and its applications in hazard communication and chemical safety motivated the author’s training courses and webinars, leading to this valuable book. Providing a practical and accessible guide, A Practical Guide to Toxicology and Human Health Risk Assessment enables readers to quickly build up knowledge and understanding of toxicology and its use in hazard identification, which is a fundamental part of chemical risk assessment. The book also covers current toxicological testing strategies and the use of physicochemical test data in hazard identification and exposure assessment. Examples are provided throughout the book to highlight important issues along with a summary of the key points that have been covered in each of the respective chapters. The book concludes with a listing of online resources on toxicology and risk assessment.




Nutrition and Human Health


Book Description

This book brings together innovative research that examines respectively climate change, agricultural production, environmental impacts, food security, nutrition and human health issues with regard to international policies as well as sustainable development goals. As sustainability continues to be a high concern in the scholarly community, food security has become a critical worldwide topic. Food supplies are challenged by factors such as toxicity, substandard food processes, difficulties in providing food to struggling populations and changes to the environment due to climate change egislation can protect public health, but law-makers must understand the current complications facing food security today. This book features a broad range of topics including ecotoxicology, smart food, and wastewater reuse impacts. The book aims to look at how we can protect and improve the health of vulnerable populations as well as innovative solutions to food insecurity. It is ideally designed for university students, from undergraduate to Ph.D. level, professors, researchers, professionals, environmentalists, physio-pathologists, medical doctors, epidemiologists, policies makers and sociologists.