X-ray Detection By Superconducting Tunnel Junctions - Proceedings Of The International Workshop


Book Description

This volume gives the state-of-the-art on superconducting tunnel junctions as X-ray detectors for low energy radioastronomy. Contributions from major experts of the main laboratories in the world are included. They cover many aspects of the subject, from nonequilibrium phenomena in STJ to the detector design optimization, and report the most recent experimental results in the field.




Radiation Detection Systems


Book Description

The advances in semiconductor detectors, scintillators, photodetectors such as SiPM, and readout electronics in the past decades have led to significant progress in terms of performance and greater choice of the detection tools in many applications. This second edition of Radiation Detection Systems presents the state-of-the-art in the design of detectors and integrated circuit design, in the context of medical imaging using ionizing radiation. The material in the book has been divided into two volumes. The first volume on Sensor Materials, Systems, Technology and Characterization Measurements puts more emphasis on sensor materials, detector and front electronics technology and designs as well as system optimization for different applications. It also includes characterization measurements of the developed detection systems. The second volume on Medical Imaging, Industrial Testing and Security Applications is devoted to more specific applications of detection systems in medical imaging, industrial testing and security applications. However, there is an unavoidable certain overlap in topics between both volumes. With its combined coverage of new materials and innovative new system approaches, as well as a succinct overview of recent developments, this two volumes set is an invaluable tool for any engineer, professional, or student working in electronics or an associated field.




X-Ray Optics and Microanalysis 1992, Proceedings of the 13th INT Conference, 31 August-4 September 1992, Manchester, UK


Book Description

The first ICXOM congress held in Cambridge was the brain-child of Dr. Ellis Cosslett, founder of the Electron Optics Section of the Cavendish Laboratory. Dr. Cosslett pioneered research in x-ray optics and microanalysis and retained a close interest in all subject applications for this area of research, including physics, materials science, chemistry, and biology. X-Ray Optics and Microanalysis 1992 was held in his memory. At a special symposium, friends and colleagues reviewed the present status of research in x-ray optics and microanalysis. S.J. Pennycook of Oak Ridge National Laboratory, D.B. Williams of Lehigh University, J.A. Venables et al. of Arizona State University and Sussex University, and C. Jacobsen et al. of SUNY, Stony Brook are among the researchers whose papers are included in this volume.




X-Ray Lasers 1992, Proceedings of the 3rd INT Colloquium on X-ray Lasers, Schliersee, Germany, May 18-22, 1992


Book Description

X-Ray Lasers 1992 contains a total of 92 papers from many of the world's leading researchers in the rapidly developing field of x-ray lasers. The book accurately reflects trends in x-ray laser research, particularly in pump mechanisms other than collisional pumping. It also focuses on the realization of new ideas for generating inversions at x-ray transitions.




Scientific Debates in Space Science


Book Description

This book features several of the significant scientific debates and controversies that helped develop space science in the early space era. The debates led to significant new understandings of the constituents and processes occurring beyond Earth’s atmosphere, and often opened new research directions. Scientific speculations with their resultant debates have played an important role in the development and furthering of research in general. The book thus has broad intellectual importance in illustrating how science advances. The book includes debates in the subject areas of heliophysics (physics in the cosmic region that covers particles and magnetic fields flowing from the Sun), Earth’s moon, solar system asteroids and comets, and the origin of cosmic gamma-ray bursts. A final chapter describes two important and surprising early scientific discoveries that involved no debates. The target audience for this book includes (a) active and retired space scientists, (b) space enthusiasts, and (c) students as supplemental (or even prime) reading in an introductory astronomy and/or space science course. The topics of the debates and controversies, their resolutions, and their pointing to further research and understanding of nature are of both historical and contemporary interest, appeal, and value.







Astrophysics in the Extreme Ultraviolet


Book Description

From the beginning of Space Astronomy, the Extreme Ultraviolet band of the spectrum (roughly defined as the decade in energy from 90-900 Å) was deemed to be the `unobservable ultraviolet'. Pioneering results from an EUV telescope on the Apollo-Soyuz Mission in 1975 forcibly demonstrated that this view was incorrect; but it required the all-sky surveys of the English Wide-Field Camera and the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer to demonstrate the broad potential of this field. Over 700 EUV sources have now been detected. Over 150 researchers from 16 countries gathered to share results in this new field at the International Astronomical Union Colloquium No. 152. Papers were presented on a wide variety of topics including cool star coronae, white dwarf atmospheres and evolution, neutron stars, the Io torus, cataclysmic variable stars, active galactic nuclei, the interstellar medium, winds and atmospheres of early type stars, and EUV plasma diagnostics. Selected manuscripts from this meeting are provided in these Conference Proceedings.