The Finite Element Method in Engineering


Book Description

The Finite Element Method in Engineering introduces the various aspects of finite element method as applied to engineering problems in a systematic manner. It details the development of each of the techniques and ideas from basic principles. New concepts are illustrated with simple examples wherever possible. Several Fortran computer programs are given with example applications to serve the following purposes: to enable the reader to understand the computer implementation of the theory developed; to solve specific problems; and to indicate procedure for the development of computer programs for solving any other problem in the same area. The book begins with an overview of the finite element method. This is followed by separate chapters on numerical solution of various types of finite element equations; the general procedure of finite element analysis; the development higher order and isoparametric elements; and the application of finite element method for static and dynamic solid and structural mechanics problems like frames, plates, and solid bodies. Subsequent chapters deal with the solution of one-, two-, and three-dimensional steady state and transient heat transfer problems; the finite element solution of fluid mechanics problems; and additional applications and generalization of the finite element method.




Mathematical Analysis and Numerical Methods for Science and Technology


Book Description

The advent of high-speed computers has made it possible for the first time to calculate values from models accurately and rapidly. Researchers and engineers thus have a crucial means of using numerical results to modify and adapt arguments and experiments along the way. Every facet of technical and industrial activity has been affected by these developments. The objective of the present work is to compile the mathematical knowledge required by researchers in mechanics, physics, engineering, chemistry and other branches of application of mathematics for the theoretical and numerical resolution of physical models on computers. Since the publication in 1924 of the "Methoden der mathematischen Physik" by Courant and Hilbert, there has been no other comprehensive and up-to-date publication presenting the mathematical tools needed in applications of mathematics in directly implementable form.




Finite Elements in Fluids


Book Description

Vol. 1-2 contain selected papers from the International Symposium on Finite Element Methods in Flow Problems; v. -5 contain selected papers from the International Symposium of Finite Elements for Flow Problems; v. 6- contain selected papers from the International Conference on Finite Elements in Flow Problems.







Ocean Acoustics


Book Description

This Topics volume is devoted to a study of sound propagation in the ocean. The effect of the interior of the ocean on underwater sound is analogous to the effect of a lens on light. The oceanic lens is related, as in light propagation, to the index of refraction of the medium. The latter is giv~n by the ratio of the sound frequency to the speed of sound in water, typi ca lly about 1500 m s -1. It is the vari ation of the sound speed due to changing temperature, density, salinity, and pres sure in the complex ocean environment which creates the lens effect. Many oceanic processes such as currents, tides, eddies (circulating, translating regions of wa ter), and internal waves (the wave-like structure of the oceanic density variabil ity) contri bute in turn to the changes in sound speed'. The net effect of the ocean lens is to trap and guide sound waves in a channel created by the lens. The trapped sound can then propagate thousands of miles in this oceanic waveguide. In addition to the propagation in the interior of the ocean, sound can propagate into and back out of the ocean bottom as well as scatter from the ocean surface. Just as the sound produced by a loudspeaker in a room is affected by the walls of the room, so the ocean boundaries and the material properties below the ocean bottom are essential ingredients in the problem.







Finite Element Methods for Computational Fluid Dynamics


Book Description

This informal introduction to computational fluid dynamics and practical guide to numerical simulation of transport phenomena covers the derivation of the governing equations, construction of finite element approximations, and qualitative properties of numerical solutions, among other topics. To make the book accessible to readers with diverse interests and backgrounds, the authors begin at a basic level and advance to numerical tools for increasingly difficult flow problems, emphasizing practical implementation rather than mathematical theory.?Finite Element Methods for Computational Fluid Dynamics: A Practical Guide?explains the basics of the finite element method (FEM) in the context of simple model problems, illustrated by numerical examples. It comprehensively reviews stabilization techniques for convection-dominated transport problems, introducing the reader to streamline diffusion methods, Petrov?Galerkin approximations, Taylor?Galerkin schemes, flux-corrected transport algorithms, and other nonlinear high-resolution schemes, and covers Petrov?Galerkin stabilization, classical projection schemes, Schur complement solvers, and the implementation of the k-epsilon turbulence model in its presentation of the FEM for incompressible flow problem. The book also describes the open-source finite element library ELMER, which is recommended as a software development kit for advanced applications in an online component.?