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Formation Testing

Author : Wilson C. Chin

Publisher : John Wiley & Sons

Page : 405 pages

File Size : 44,30 MB

Release : 2014-02-14

Category : Science

ISBN : 1118831144

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Book Description

The only book available for the reservoir or petroleum engineer covering formation testing—with algorithms for wireline and LWD reservoir analysis developed for transient pressure, contamination modeling, permeability, and pore pressure prediction. Traditional well logging methods, such as resistivity, acoustic, nuclear, and NMR, provide indirect information relating to fluid and formation properties. However, the "formation tester" offered in wireline and MWD/LWD operations is different. It collects actual downhole fluid samples for surface analysis, and through pressure transient analysis, provides direct measurements for pore pressure, mobility, permeability, and anisotropy. These are vital to real-time drilling safety, geosteering, hydraulic fracturing, and economic analysis. Methods for formation testing analysis, while commercially important and accounting for a substantial part of service company profits, are shrouded in secrecy. Many are poorly constructed, and because details are not available, industry researchers are not able to improve on them. Formation Testing explains conventional models and develops new, more powerful algorithms for early-time analysis. More importantly, it addresses a critical area in sampling related to "time required to pump clean samples," using rigorous multiphase flow techniques. All of the methods are explained in complete detail. Equations are offered for users to incorporate in their own models, but, for those needing immediate answers, convenient, easy-to-use software is available. The lead author is a well-known petrophysicist with hands-on experience at Schlumberger, Halliburton, BP Exploration, and other companies. His work is used commercially at major oil service companies, and important extensions to his formation testing models have been supported by prestigious grants from the U.S. Department of Energy. His latest collaboration with China National Offshore Oil Corporation marks an important turning point, where advanced simulation models and hardware are evolving side-by-side, defining a new generation of formation testing logging instruments. Providing more than formulations and solutions, this book offers a close look at "behind the scenes" formation tester development, as the China National Offshore Oil Corporation opens up its research, engineering, and manufacturing facilities through a collection of never-before-seen photographs, showing how formation testing tools are developed from start to finish.



Formation Testing

Author : Wilson Chin

Publisher : Wiley-Scrivener

Page : 0 pages

File Size : 39,92 MB

Release : 2014-03-17

Category : Science

ISBN : 9781118831137

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Book Description

The only book available for the reservoir or petroleum engineer covering formation testing—with algorithms for wireline and LWD reservoir analysis developed for transient pressure, contamination modeling, permeability, and pore pressure prediction. Traditional well logging methods, such as resistivity, acoustic, nuclear, and NMR, provide indirect information relating to fluid and formation properties. However, the "formation tester" offered in wireline and MWD/LWD operations is different. It collects actual downhole fluid samples for surface analysis, and through pressure transient analysis, provides direct measurements for pore pressure, mobility, permeability, and anisotropy. These are vital to real-time drilling safety, geosteering, hydraulic fracturing, and economic analysis. Methods for formation testing analysis, while commercially important and accounting for a substantial part of service company profits, are shrouded in secrecy. Many are poorly constructed, and because details are not available, industry researchers are not able to improve on them. Formation Testing explains conventional models and develops new, more powerful algorithms for early-time analysis. More importantly, it addresses a critical area in sampling related to "time required to pump clean samples," using rigorous multiphase flow techniques. All of the methods are explained in complete detail. Equations are offered for users to incorporate in their own models, but, for those needing immediate answers, convenient, easy-to-use software is available. The lead author is a well-known petrophysicist with hands-on experience at Schlumberger, Halliburton, BP Exploration, and other companies. His work is used commercially at major oil service companies, and important extensions to his formation testing models have been supported by prestigious grants from the U.S. Department of Energy. His latest collaboration with China National Offshore Oil Corporation marks an important turning point, where advanced simulation models and hardware are evolving side-by-side, defining a new generation of formation testing logging instruments. Providing more than formulations and solutions, this book offers a close look at "behind the scenes" formation tester development, as the China National Offshore Oil Corporation opens up its research, engineering, and manufacturing facilities through a collection of never-before-seen photographs, showing how formation testing tools are developed from start to finish.



Modern Borehole Analytics

Author : Wilson C. Chin

Publisher : John Wiley & Sons

Page : 481 pages

File Size : 22,83 MB

Release : 2017-10-18

Category : Science

ISBN : 1119284015

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Book Description

Written by a leading industry specialist, a must-have for drilling specialists, petroleum engineers, and field practitioners, this is the only book providing practical, rigorous and validated models for general annular flows, eccentric geometries, non-Newtonian fluids, yield stresses, multiphase effects, and transient motions and flow rates and includes new methods describing mudcake integrity and pore pressure for blowout assessment. Wilson C. Chin has written some of the most important and well-known books in the petroleum industry. These books, whose research was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy and several international petroleum corporations, have set very high standards. Many algorithms are used at leading oil service companies to support key drilling and well logging applications. For the first time, the physical models in these publications, founded on rigorous mathematics and numerical methods, are now available to the broader industry: students, petroleum engineers, drillers and faculty researchers. The presentations are written in easy-to-understand language, with few equations, offering simplified explanations of difficult problems and solutions which provide key insights into downhole physical phenomena through detailed tabulations and color graphics displays. Practical applications, such as cuttings transport, pressure control, mudcake integrity, formation effects in unconventional applications, and so on, are addressed in great detail, offering the most practical answers to everyday problems that the engineer encounters. The book does not stop at annular flow. In fact, the important role of mudcake growth and thickness in enabling steady flow in the annulus is considered, as is the role of (low) formation permeability in affecting mud filtration, cake growth, and fluid sealing at the sandface. This is the first publication addressing "the big picture," a "first" drawn from the author's related research in multiple disciplines such as drilling rheology, formation testing and reservoir simulation. A must-have for any petroleum engineer, petroleum professional, or student, this book is truly a groundbreaking volume that is sure to set new standards.



Multiprobe Pressure Analysis and Interpretation

Author : Tao Lu

Publisher : John Wiley & Sons

Page : 418 pages

File Size : 43,16 MB

Release : 2021-06-29

Category : Science

ISBN : 1119760658

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Book Description

A popular 1990s formation tester with a single "pumping" probe and one passive "observation port" displaced 180 deg away, designed to measure pressures at two locations for permeability prediction, encounters well known detection problems at low mobilities. This book, using aerodynamics methods, explains why and also reveals the existence of a wide stagnation zone that hides critical formation details. And it does much more. An exact analytical solution is used to validate a new transient, three-dimensional, finite difference model for more general testers, one that guides new hardware designs with independent azimuthally displaced probes having with different rates, flow schedules and nozzle geometries, supports interpretation and formation evaluation, and assists with job planning at the rigsite. The methods also apply to conventional tools, allowing comparisons between older and newer technologies. Importantly, the authors introduce a completely new three-probe design with independently operable active elements that eliminate all older tool deficiencies. Numerous subjects are discussed, such as pressure transient analyses with multiple operating probes, supercharge analysis with invasion and mudcake buildup, accurate and rapid calculations that allow more than 1,000 simulations per minute, extremely rapid batch mode calculations using convergence acceleration methods, rapid fluid withdrawal with minimal dissolved gas release, dip angle, heterogeneity and anisotropy evaluation, and many other topics. In addition, tool operation sequences, detailed engineering and design functions, field test procedures and laboratory facilities, are discussed and illustrated in photographs that go "behind the scenes" at one of the world’s largest international oil service companies. The book hopes to educate new engineers and veteran engineers alike in hardware and software design at a time when increasing efficiency is crucial and "doing more with less" represents the new norm.



Multiprobe Pressure Testing and Reservoir Characterization

Author : Wilson C Chin

Publisher : Elsevier

Page : 439 pages

File Size : 22,87 MB

Release : 2024-04-02

Category : Science

ISBN : 0443241120

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Book Description

Multiprobe Pressure Testing and Reservoir Characterization: Pressure Transient, Contamination, Liquid and Gas Pumping Analysis provides much-needed three-dimensional pressure transient simulators for job planning and data interpretation in well logging. Discussions cover fundamental concepts, present fluid sampling, pressure transient and contamination analysis; physical concepts and numerical approaches; and multiprobe model formulations and validations. Other sections cover four-probe algorithms, including conventional, overbalanced, and underbalanced drilling applications. The final section addresses triple-probe algorithms, which includes coupled models for pressure and contamination convergence acceleration. Notably, a further chapter explains how the multiprobe tool's focus on characterizing permeability will promote better use of the reservoir as well as assist with energy storage in underground rock, demonstrating how multiprobe tools also facilitate the energy transition from fossil fuels to sustainable geothermal energy. - Reviews present day needs, tool operations, and analysis methods, along with numerous practical examples and applications - Develops a suite of mathematical models, algorithms, and software from first principles - Explains, in detail, how multiprobe pressure logging is superior to using conventional sensors because direct, accurate reservoir characteristics support energy-efficient geothermal designs - Provides an alternative look at the investigation of unconventional reservoirs, not only in terms of hydrocarbon production, but also with carbon and energy storage in mind



Modern Aerodynamic Methods for Direct and Inverse Applications

Author : Wilson C. Chin

Publisher : John Wiley & Sons

Page : 349 pages

File Size : 32,73 MB

Release : 2019-03-21

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 1119580862

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Book Description

A powerful new monograph from an aerodynamicist reviewing modern conventional aerodynamic approaches, this volume covers aspects of subsonic, transonic and supersonic flow, inverse problems, shear flow analysis, jet engine power addition, engine and airframe integration, and other areas, providing readers with the tools needed to evaluate their own ideas and to implement the newer methods suggested in this book. This new book, by a prolific fluid-dynamicist and mathematician who has published more than twenty research monographs, represents not just another contribution to aerodynamics, but a book that raises serious questions about traditionally accepted approaches and formulations, providing new methods that solve longstanding problems of importance to the industry. While both conventional and newer ideas are discussed, the presentations are readable and geared to advanced undergraduates with exposure to elementary differential equations and introductory aerodynamics principles. Readers are introduced to fundamental algorithms (with Fortran source code) for basic applications, such as subsonic lifting airfoils, transonic supercritical flows utilizing mixed differencing, models for inviscid shear flow aerodynamics, and so on. These are models they can extend to include newer effects developed in the second half of the book. Many of the newer methods have appeared over the years in various journals and are now presented with deeper perspective and integration. This book helps readers approach the literature more critically. Rather than simply understanding an approach, for instance, the powerful "type differencing" behind transonic analysis, or the rationale behind "conservative" formulations, or the use of Euler equation methods for shear flow analysis when they are unnecessary, the author guides and motivates the user to ask why and why not and what if. And often, more powerful methods can be developed using no more than simple mathematical manipulations. For example, Cauchy-Riemann conditions, which are powerful tools in subsonic airfoil theory, can be readily extended to handle compressible flows with shocks, rotational flows, and even three-dimensional wing flowfields, in a variety of applications, to produce powerful formulations that address very difficult problems. This breakthrough volume is certainly a "must have" on every engineer's bookshelf.



Measurement While Drilling (MWD) Signal Analysis, Optimization and Design

Author : Wilson Chin

Publisher : John Wiley & Sons

Page : 348 pages

File Size : 33,81 MB

Release : 2014-04-16

Category : Science

ISBN : 1118831691

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Book Description

Trade magazines and review articles describe MWD in casualterms, e.g., positive versus negative pulsers, continuous wavesystems, drilling channel noise and attenuation, in very simpleterms absent of technical rigor. However, few trulyscientific discussions are available on existing methods, let alonethe advances necessary for high-data-rate telemetry. Withouta strong foundation building on solid acoustic principles, rigorousmathematics, and of course, fast, inexpensive and efficient testingof mechanical designs, low data rates will impose unacceptablequality issues to real-time formation evaluation for years tocome. This book promises to change all of this. The lead authorand M.I.T. educated scientist, Wilson Chin, and Yinao Su,Academician, Chinese Academy of Engineering, and other teammembers, have written the only book available that developsmud pulse telemetry from first principles, adapting sound acousticprinciples to rigorous signal processing and efficient wind tunneltesting. In fact, the methods and telemetry principlesdeveloped in the book were recently adopted by one of theworld’s largest industrial corporations in its mission toredefine the face of MWD. The entire engineering history for continuous wave telemetry iscovered: anecdotal stories and their fallacies, original hardwareproblems and their solutions, different noise mechanisms and theirsignal processing solutions, apparent paradoxes encountered infield tests and simple explanations to complicated questions, andso on, are discussed in complete “tell all” detail forstudents, research professors and professional engineersalike. These include signal processing algorithms, signalenhancement methods, and highly efficient “short” and“long wind tunnel” test methods, whose results can bedynamically re-scaled to real muds flowing at any speed. Amust read for all petroleum engineering professionals!



Measurement While Drilling

Author : Wilson C. Chin

Publisher : John Wiley & Sons

Page : 637 pages

File Size : 22,23 MB

Release : 2018-07-23

Category : Science

ISBN : 1119479320

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Book Description

Trade magazines and review articles describe MWD in casual terms, e.g., positive versus negative pulsers, continuous wave systems, drilling channel noise and attenuation, in very simple terms absent of technical rigor. However, few truly scientific discussions are available on existing methods, let alone the advances necessary for high-data-rate telemetry. Without a strong foundation building on solid acoustic principles, rigorous mathematics, and of course, fast, inexpensive and efficient testing of mechanical designs, low data rates will impose unacceptable quality issues to real-time formation evaluation for years to come. This all-new revised second edition of an instant classic promises to change all of this. The lead author and M.I.T.-educated scientist, Wilson Chin, has written the only book available that develops mud pulse telemetry from first principles, adapting sound acoustic principles to rigorous signal processing and efficient wind tunnel testing. In fact, the methods and telemetry principles developed in the book were recently adopted by one of the world's largest industrial corporations in its mission to redefine the face of MWD. The entire engineering history for continuous wave telemetry is covered: anecdotal stories and their fallacies, original hardware problems and their solutions, different noise mechanisms and their signal processing solutions, apparent paradoxes encountered in field tests and simple explanations to complicated questions, and so on, are discussed in complete "tell all" detail for students, research professors and professional engineers alike. These include signal processing algorithms, signal enhancement methods, and highly efficient "short" and "long wind tunnel" test methods, whose results can be dynamically re-scaled to real muds flowing at any speed. A must read for all petroleum engineering professionals!



Supercharge, Invasion, and Mudcake Growth in Downhole Applications

Author : Wilson Chin

Publisher : John Wiley & Sons

Page : 530 pages

File Size : 31,44 MB

Release : 2021-06-29

Category : Science

ISBN : 1119283329

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Book Description

Mysterious "supercharge effects," encountered in formation testing pressure transient analysis, and reservoir invasion, mudcake growth, dynamic filtration, stuck-pipe remediation, and so on, are often discussed in contrasting petrophysical versus drilling contexts. However, these effects are physically coupled and intricately related. The authors focus on a comprehensive formulation, provide solutions for different specialized limits, and develop applications that illustrate how the central ideas can be used in seemingly unrelated disciplines. This approach contributes to a firm understanding of logging and drilling principles. Fortran source code, furnished where applicable, is listed together with recently developed software applications and conveniently summarized throughout the book. In addition, common (incorrect) methods used in the industry are re-analyzed and replaced with more accurate models, which are then used to address challenging field objectives. Sophisticated mathematics is explained in "down to earth" terms, but empirical validations, in this case through Catscan experiments, are used to "keep predictions honest." Similarly, early-time, low mobility, permeability prediction models used in formation testing, several invented by one of the authors, are extended to handle supercharge effects in overbalanced drilling and near-well pressure deficits encountered in underbalanced drilling. These methods are also motivated by reality. For instance, overpressures of 2,000 psi and underpressures near 500 psi are routinely reported in field work, thus imparting a special significance to the methods reported in the book. This new volume discusses old problems and modern challenges, formulates and develops advanced models applicable to both drilling and petrophysical objectives. The presentation focuses on central unifying physical models which are carefully formulated and mathematically solved. The wealth of applications examples and supporting software discussed provides readers with a unified focus behind daily work activities, emphasizing common features and themes rather than unrelated methods and work flows. This comprehensive book is "must" reading for every petroleum engineer.



Quantitative Methods in Reservoir Engineering

Author : Wilson C Chin

Publisher : Gulf Professional Publishing

Page : 708 pages

File Size : 21,46 MB

Release : 2016-10-01

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 012811097X

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Book Description

Quantitative Methods in Reservoir Engineering, Second Edition, brings together the critical aspects of the industry to create more accurate models and better financial forecasts for oil and gas assets. Updated to cover more practical applications related to intelligent infill drilling, optimized well pattern arrangement, water flooding with modern wells, and multiphase flow, this new edition helps reservoir engineers better lay the mathematical foundations for analytical or semi-analytical methods in today's more difficult reservoir engineering applications. Authored by a worldwide expert on computational flow modeling, this reference integrates current mathematical methods to aid in understanding more complex well systems and ultimately guides the engineer to choose the most profitable well path. The book delivers a valuable tool that will keep reservoir engineers up-to-speed in this fast-paced sector of the oil and gas market. - Stay competitive with new content on unconventional reservoir simulation - Get updated with new material on formation testing and flow simulation for complex well systems and paths - Apply methods derived from real-world case studies and calculation examples