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Foundations of the Formal Sciences II

Author : Benedikt Löwe

Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media

Page : 308 pages

File Size : 13,21 MB

Release : 2013-04-17

Category : Philosophy

ISBN : 9401703957

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Book Description

"Foundations of the Formal Sciences" (FotFS) is a series of interdisciplinary conferences in mathematics, philosophy, computer science and linguistics. The main goal is to reestablish the traditionally strong links between these areas of research that have been lost in the past decades. The second conference in the series had the subtitle "Applications of Mathematical Logic in Philosophy and Linguistics" and brought speakers from all parts of the Formal Sciences together to give a holistic view of how mathematical methods can improve our philosophical and technical understanding of language and scientific discourse, ranging from the theoretical level up to applications in language recognition software. Audience: This volume is of interest to all formal philosophers and theoretical linguists. In addition to that, logicians interested in the applications of their field and logic students in mathematics, computer science, philosophy and linguistics can use the volume to broaden their knowledge of applications of logic.



Foundations of Algebraic Specification and Formal Software Development

Author : Donald Sannella

Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media

Page : 594 pages

File Size : 43,26 MB

Release : 2012-01-05

Category : Computers

ISBN : 3642173365

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Book Description

This book provides foundations for software specification and formal software development from the perspective of work on algebraic specification, concentrating on developing basic concepts and studying their fundamental properties. These foundations are built on a solid mathematical basis, using elements of universal algebra, category theory and logic, and this mathematical toolbox provides a convenient language for precisely formulating the concepts involved in software specification and development. Once formally defined, these notions become subject to mathematical investigation, and this interplay between mathematics and software engineering yields results that are mathematically interesting, conceptually revealing, and practically useful. The theory presented by the authors has its origins in work on algebraic specifications that started in the early 1970s, and their treatment is comprehensive. This book contains five kinds of material: the requisite mathematical foundations; traditional algebraic specifications; elements of the theory of institutions; formal specification and development; and proof methods. While the book is self-contained, mathematical maturity and familiarity with the problems of software engineering is required; and in the examples that directly relate to programming, the authors assume acquaintance with the concepts of functional programming. The book will be of value to researchers and advanced graduate students in the areas of programming and theoretical computer science.



Foundations of Data Science

Author : Avrim Blum

Publisher : Cambridge University Press

Page : 433 pages

File Size : 38,3 MB

Release : 2020-01-23

Category : Computers

ISBN : 1108617360

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Book Description

This book provides an introduction to the mathematical and algorithmic foundations of data science, including machine learning, high-dimensional geometry, and analysis of large networks. Topics include the counterintuitive nature of data in high dimensions, important linear algebraic techniques such as singular value decomposition, the theory of random walks and Markov chains, the fundamentals of and important algorithms for machine learning, algorithms and analysis for clustering, probabilistic models for large networks, representation learning including topic modelling and non-negative matrix factorization, wavelets and compressed sensing. Important probabilistic techniques are developed including the law of large numbers, tail inequalities, analysis of random projections, generalization guarantees in machine learning, and moment methods for analysis of phase transitions in large random graphs. Additionally, important structural and complexity measures are discussed such as matrix norms and VC-dimension. This book is suitable for both undergraduate and graduate courses in the design and analysis of algorithms for data.



Foundations of the Formal Sciences V

Author : Stefan Bold

Publisher :

Page : 376 pages

File Size : 34,75 MB

Release : 2007

Category : Computers

ISBN :

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Book Description

Infinity can feature in games in various forms: we can play games of infinite length, with infinitely many players, or allow for infinitely many moves or strategies. Games of infinite length have been thoroughly investigated by mathematicians ard have played a central role in mathematical logic. However, their applications go far beyond mathematics: they feature prominently in theoretical computer science, philosophical "Gedankenxperiments", as limit cases in economical applications, and in many other applications. The conference "Foundations of the Formal Sciences V" focused on games of infinite length, but was very open to include other notions of infinity in games as well. It brought together researchers from the various areas that employ infinitary game techniques to talk about similarities and dissimilarities of the different approaches and develop cross-cultural bridges. This volume contains the fully refereed proceedings of the conference and provides a healthy and interesting mixture of research papers and surveys for a broad audience.



Formal Foundations for Software Engineering Methods

Author : Heinrich Hußmann

Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media

Page : 308 pages

File Size : 23,83 MB

Release : 1997-09-23

Category : Computers

ISBN : 9783540636137

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Book Description

In this book, Hussmann builds a bridge between the pragmatic methods for the design of information systems and the formal, mathematical background. Firstly, the principal feasibility of an integration of the different methods is demonstrated. Secondly, the formalism is used as a systematic semantic analysis of the concepts in SSADM, a British standard structured software engineering method. Thirdly, a way of obtaining a hybrid formal-pragmatic specification using a combination of SSADM notations and formal (SPECTRUM) specifications is shown. This well-written book encourages scientists and software engineers to apply formal methods to practical software development problems.



Foundations of Computation

Author : Carol Critchlow

Publisher :

Page : 256 pages

File Size : 47,69 MB

Release : 2011

Category : Computers

ISBN :

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Book Description

Foundations of Computation is a free textbook for a one-semester course in theoretical computer science. It has been used for several years in a course at Hobart and William Smith Colleges. The course has no prerequisites other than introductory computer programming. The first half of the course covers material on logic, sets, and functions that would often be taught in a course in discrete mathematics. The second part covers material on automata, formal languages and grammar that would ordinarily be encountered in an upper level course in theoretical computer science.



Formal Concept Analysis

Author : Bernhard Ganter

Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media

Page : 289 pages

File Size : 25,96 MB

Release : 2012-12-06

Category : Computers

ISBN : 3642598307

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Book Description

This first textbook on formal concept analysis gives a systematic presentation of the mathematical foundations and their relations to applications in computer science, especially in data analysis and knowledge processing. Above all, it presents graphical methods for representing conceptual systems that have proved themselves in communicating knowledge. The mathematical foundations are treated thoroughly and are illuminated by means of numerous examples, making the basic theory readily accessible in compact form.



Toward a Formal Science of Economics

Author : Bernt P. Stigum

Publisher : MIT Press

Page : 1068 pages

File Size : 26,53 MB

Release : 1990

Category : Business & Economics

ISBN : 9780262192842

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Book Description

Consumer Law and Practice provides undergraduate students and those studying the LPC with concise yet comprehensive guidance. It is also a useful aid for practitioners (including those advising businesses) and non-lawyers requiring information which can be quickly understood. Using an innovative problem-solving approach to the subject, we focus on situations in which clients may find themselves and explain how the law deals with such situations. "Between the covers is a mine of information clearly and accurately set out ... a valuable tool for non-specialist and specialist alike." The Law Society's Gazette



Formal Concept Analysis

Author : Bernhard Ganter

Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media

Page : 359 pages

File Size : 44,92 MB

Release : 2005-07-14

Category : Business & Economics

ISBN : 3540278915

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Book Description

Formal concept analysis has been developed as a field of applied mathematics based on the mathematization of concept and concept hierarchy. It thereby allows us to mathematically represent, analyze, and construct conceptual structures. The formal concept analysis approach has been proven successful in a wide range of application fields. This book constitutes a comprehensive and systematic presentation of the state of the art of formal concept analysis and its applications. The first part of the book is devoted to foundational and methodological topics. The contributions in the second part demonstrate how formal concept analysis is successfully used outside of mathematics, in linguistics, text retrieval, association rule mining, data analysis, and economics. The third part presents applications in software engineering.



Formal and Informal Methods in Philosophy

Author :

Publisher : BRILL

Page : 328 pages

File Size : 17,19 MB

Release : 2020-03-31

Category : Philosophy

ISBN : 9004420509

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Book Description

This book examines the tension between formal and informal methods in philosophy. The rise of analytic philosophy was accompanied by the development of formal logic and many successful applications of formal methods. But analytical philosophy does not rely on formal methods alone. Elements of broadly understood informal logic and logical semiotics, procedures used in natural sciences and humanities, and various kinds of intuition also belong to the philosopher’s toolkit. Papers gathered in the book concern the opposition formality–informality as well as other pairs, such as methodology versus metaphilosophy, interdisciplinarity versus intradisciplinarity, and methodological uniformity versus diversity of sciences. Problems of the nature of logic and the explanatory role of mathematical theories are also discussed.