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From Critical Science to Solutions

Author : Richard Clapp

Publisher : Routledge

Page : 218 pages

File Size : 19,12 MB

Release : 2017-03-02

Category : Psychology

ISBN : 1351865641

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Book Description

First Published in 2017. In this volume, the editor collected articles that primarily appeared in the “Scientific Solutions” section of New Solutions, A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy. The articles in the book are grouped into three general categories, starting with Critical Science. These articles are primarily critiques of “how science is done” or how science is incorporated into public health policy in the United States and elsewhere. The second category is what I have called Precautionary Science. These articles, such as the ones by Dement on asbestos and Solomon, and colleagues on the risks of manganese, essentially call for precautionary regulations to reduce exposures where there is substantial but, in the eyes of some, less than definitive scientific knowledge. The final category is Solutions Science. In some ways, this represents the current stage of precautionary science, where we have begun to look at larger societal issues and have moved beyond traditional scientific approaches and critiques.



Drawdown

Author : Paul Hawken

Publisher : Penguin

Page : 258 pages

File Size : 44,66 MB

Release : 2017-04-18

Category : Science

ISBN : 1524704652

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Book Description

• New York Times bestseller • The 100 most substantive solutions to reverse global warming, based on meticulous research by leading scientists and policymakers around the world “At this point in time, the Drawdown book is exactly what is needed; a credible, conservative solution-by-solution narrative that we can do it. Reading it is an effective inoculation against the widespread perception of doom that humanity cannot and will not solve the climate crisis. Reported by-effects include increased determination and a sense of grounded hope.” —Per Espen Stoknes, Author, What We Think About When We Try Not To Think About Global Warming “There’s been no real way for ordinary people to get an understanding of what they can do and what impact it can have. There remains no single, comprehensive, reliable compendium of carbon-reduction solutions across sectors. At least until now. . . . The public is hungry for this kind of practical wisdom.” —David Roberts, Vox “This is the ideal environmental sciences textbook—only it is too interesting and inspiring to be called a textbook.” —Peter Kareiva, Director of the Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, UCLA In the face of widespread fear and apathy, an international coalition of researchers, professionals, and scientists have come together to offer a set of realistic and bold solutions to climate change. One hundred techniques and practices are described here—some are well known; some you may have never heard of. They range from clean energy to educating girls in lower-income countries to land use practices that pull carbon out of the air. The solutions exist, are economically viable, and communities throughout the world are currently enacting them with skill and determination. If deployed collectively on a global scale over the next thirty years, they represent a credible path forward, not just to slow the earth’s warming but to reach drawdown, that point in time when greenhouse gases in the atmosphere peak and begin to decline. These measures promise cascading benefits to human health, security, prosperity, and well-being—giving us every reason to see this planetary crisis as an opportunity to create a just and livable world.



Rationality and Cultural Interpretivism

Author : Kei Yoshida

Publisher : Lexington Books

Page : 157 pages

File Size : 36,44 MB

Release : 2014-08-06

Category : Philosophy

ISBN : 0739174002

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Book Description

Rationality and Cultural Interpretivism: A Critical Assessment of Failed Solutions critically assesses cultural interpretivism by scrutinizing five different proponents of it and their solutions to the problem of rationality. The book examines the works of Peter Winch, Charles Taylor, Clifford Geertz, Marshall Sahlins, and Gananath Obeyesekere and their contributions to the so-called rationality debate in the philosophy of the social sciences. This debate began with Winch’s criticism of Edward Evans-Pritchard and has become one of the central debates in the field since 1960s, continuing as a controversy between Sahlins and Obeyesekere. Kei Yoshida reveals the need for a cogent solution to the problem of rationality. He identifies two main problems with previous theories: first, that they exaggerate the differences between the natural and the social/cultural, and hence they also exaggerate the differences between the natural and the social sciences; and second, that they ignore important social science problems, particularly outcomes from the unintended consequences of human actions. Yoshida urges social scientists not simply to interpret agents’ intentions or symbolic systems, but also to explain the unintended consequences of human actions. Still entangled in positivism, cultural interpretivists claim that the social sciences differ from the natural sciences and thus reject any unity of method. Yoshida argues that we need to overcome the mistaken positivist image of science in order to develop a more fruitful philosophy of the social sciences. The analysis presented in this book will be of value to students and scholars of social epistemology, philosophy of science, philosophy of the social sciences, and the social sciences themselves, as well as anyone interested in the philosophical problem of rationality and relativism.



Communicating Science Effectively

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 153 pages

File Size : 37,28 MB

Release : 2017-03-08

Category : Science

ISBN : 0309451051

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Book Description

Science and technology are embedded in virtually every aspect of modern life. As a result, people face an increasing need to integrate information from science with their personal values and other considerations as they make important life decisions about medical care, the safety of foods, what to do about climate change, and many other issues. Communicating science effectively, however, is a complex task and an acquired skill. Moreover, the approaches to communicating science that will be most effective for specific audiences and circumstances are not obvious. Fortunately, there is an expanding science base from diverse disciplines that can support science communicators in making these determinations. Communicating Science Effectively offers a research agenda for science communicators and researchers seeking to apply this research and fill gaps in knowledge about how to communicate effectively about science, focusing in particular on issues that are contentious in the public sphere. To inform this research agenda, this publication identifies important influences â€" psychological, economic, political, social, cultural, and media-related â€" on how science related to such issues is understood, perceived, and used.



Modern Methods in Scientific Computing and Applications

Author : Anne Bourlioux

Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media

Page : 503 pages

File Size : 18,33 MB

Release : 2012-12-06

Category : Mathematics

ISBN : 9401005109

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Book Description

When we first heard in the spring of 2000 that the Seminaire de matMmatiques superieures (SMS) was interested in devoting its session of the summer of 200l-its 40th-to scientific computing the idea of taking on the organizational work seemed to us somewhat remote. More immediate things were on our minds: one of us was about to go on leave to the Courant Institute, the other preparing for a research summer in Paris. But the more we learned about the possibilities of such a seminar, the support for the organization and also the great history of the SMS, the more we grew attached to the project. The topics we planned to cover were intended to span a wide range of theoretical and practical tools for solving problems in image processing, thin films, mathematical finance, electrical engineering, moving interfaces, and combustion. These applications alone show how wide the influence of scientific computing has become over the last two decades: almost any area of science and engineering is greatly influenced by simulations, and the SMS workshop in this field came very timely. We decided to organize the workshop in pairs of speakers for each of the eight topics we had chosen, and we invited the leading experts worldwide in these fields. We were very fortunate that every speaker we invited accepted to come, so the program could be realized as planned.



Science Makes the World Go Round

Author : Michael Böcher

Publisher : Springer

Page : 220 pages

File Size : 24,25 MB

Release : 2016-06-17

Category : Science

ISBN : 3319340794

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Book Description

Researchers in the environmental sciences are often frustrated because actors involved with practice do not follow their advice. This is the starting point of this book, which describes a new model for scientific knowledge transfer called RIU, for Research, Integration and Utilization. This model sees the factors needed for knowledge transfer as being state-of-the-art research and the effective, practical utilization to which it leads, and it highlights the importance of “integration”, which in this context means the active bi‐directional selection of those research results that are relevant for practice. In addition, the model underscores the importance of special allies who are powerful actors that support the application of scientific research results in society. An important product of this approach is a checklist of factors for successful knowledge transfer that will be useful for scientists. By using this checklist, research projects and research programs can be optimised with regard to their potential for reaching successful knowledge transfer effects.



How to Lead in Data Science

Author : Jike Chong

Publisher : Simon and Schuster

Page : 823 pages

File Size : 44,18 MB

Release : 2021-12-28

Category : Computers

ISBN : 1638356807

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Book Description

A field guide for the unique challenges of data science leadership, filled with transformative insights, personal experiences, and industry examples. In How To Lead in Data Science you will learn: Best practices for leading projects while balancing complex trade-offs Specifying, prioritizing, and planning projects from vague requirements Navigating structural challenges in your organization Working through project failures with positivity and tenacity Growing your team with coaching, mentoring, and advising Crafting technology roadmaps and championing successful projects Driving diversity, inclusion, and belonging within teams Architecting a long-term business strategy and data roadmap as an executive Delivering a data-driven culture and structuring productive data science organizations How to Lead in Data Science is full of techniques for leading data science at every seniority level—from heading up a single project to overseeing a whole company's data strategy. Authors Jike Chong and Yue Cathy Chang share hard-won advice that they've developed building data teams for LinkedIn, Acorns, Yiren Digital, large asset-management firms, Fortune 50 companies, and more. You'll find advice on plotting your long-term career advancement, as well as quick wins you can put into practice right away. Carefully crafted assessments and interview scenarios encourage introspection, reveal personal blind spots, and highlight development areas. About the technology Lead your data science teams and projects to success! To make a consistent, meaningful impact as a data science leader, you must articulate technology roadmaps, plan effective project strategies, support diversity, and create a positive environment for professional growth. This book delivers the wisdom and practical skills you need to thrive as a data science leader at all levels, from team member to the C-suite. About the book How to Lead in Data Science shares unique leadership techniques from high-performance data teams. It’s filled with best practices for balancing project trade-offs and producing exceptional results, even when beginning with vague requirements or unclear expectations. You’ll find a clearly presented modern leadership framework based on current case studies, with insights reaching all the way to Aristotle and Confucius. As you read, you’ll build practical skills to grow and improve your team, your company’s data culture, and yourself. What's inside How to coach and mentor team members Navigate an organization’s structural challenges Secure commitments from other teams and partners Stay current with the technology landscape Advance your career About the reader For data science practitioners at all levels. About the author Dr. Jike Chong and Yue Cathy Chang build, lead, and grow high-performing data teams across industries in public and private companies, such as Acorns, LinkedIn, large asset-management firms, and Fortune 50 companies. Table of Contents 1 What makes a successful data scientist? PART 1 THE TECH LEAD: CULTIVATING LEADERSHIP 2 Capabilities for leading projects 3 Virtues for leading projects PART 2 THE MANAGER: NURTURING A TEAM 4 Capabilities for leading people 5 Virtues for leading people PART 3 THE DIRECTOR: GOVERNING A FUNCTION 6 Capabilities for leading a function 7 Virtues for leading a function PART 4 THE EXECUTIVE: INSPIRING AN INDUSTRY 8 Capabilities for leading a company 9 Virtues for leading a company PART 5 THE LOOP AND THE FUTURE 10 Landscape, organization, opportunity, and practice 11 Leading in data science and a future outlook



Climate Science, Solutions and Services for Net Zero, Climate-Resilient Food Systems

Author : Pete Falloon

Publisher : Frontiers Media SA

Page : 152 pages

File Size : 28,48 MB

Release : 2024-05-06

Category : Science

ISBN : 2832548881

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Book Description

Food systems are both a major contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions and are strongly impacted by climate change and weather extremes. Solutions to deliver net-zero food systems, therefore, need to take climate impacts, adaptation, and resilience into account in order to ensure they are appropriate in a changing climate and do not conflict with adaptation goals. In a similar way, adaptation options for the food system must consider potential trade-offs, consequences, and synergies with net-zero and other objectives such as the Sustainable Development Goals. Solutions for net-zero, climate-resilient food systems will therefore require systematic, interdisciplinary approaches across academia, governments, business, NGOs, and the public.



Fallibilist Solutions to Institutional Problems

Author : John Wettersten

Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing

Page : 465 pages

File Size : 45,30 MB

Release : 2022-03-04

Category : Reference

ISBN : 1527580911

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Book Description

Since Karl Popper‘s fallibilist portrayal of scientific methodology in the 1940s, critical rationalism has developed in many ways, and in many fields. However, some of these developments still leave deep and important possibilities open. One of these is the portrayal of all rational actions as social. This book elucidates the significance of this perspective in regard to psychology, political and social philosophy, the understanding of how scientists can better communicate, and strategies for better living. The importance of the social theory of rationality for psychology arises above all due to the numerous assumptions made in psychological research that rationality is strictly individualist. This is at hand, for example, in its historical portrayal and in important aspects of cognitive psychology. As shown here, these assumptions have damaging consequences for the relationship of rationality with cognitive and social psychology.



Techno-Fix

Author : Michael Huesemann

Publisher : New Society Publishers

Page : 465 pages

File Size : 19,98 MB

Release : 2011-10-04

Category : Science

ISBN : 155092494X

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Book Description

Nanotechnology! Genetic engineering! Miracle Drugs! We are promised that new technological developments will magically save us from the dire consequences of the 300-year fossil-fueled binge known as modern industrial civilization, without demanding any fundamental changes in our behavior. There is a pervasive belief that technological innovation will enable us to continue our current lifestyle indefinitely and will prevent social, economic and environmental collapse. Techno-Fix shows that negative unintended consequences of technology are inherently predictable and unavoidable, techno-optimism is completely unjustified, and modern technology, in the presence of continued economic growth, does not promote sustainability, but hastens collapse. The authors demonstrate that most technological solutions to social and technology-created problems are ineffective. They explore the reasons for the uncritical acceptance of new technologies, show who really controls the direction of technological change, and then advocate extensive reform. This comprehensive exposé is a powerful argument for why we can and should put the genie back in the bottle. An insightful and powerful critique, it is required reading for anyone who is concerned about blind techno-optimism and believes that the time has come to make science and technology more socially and environmentally responsible. For more information, please visit technofix.org .