Generalized Kinetic Models in Applied Sciences


Book Description

This book deals with analytic problems related to some developments and generalizations of the Boltzmann equation toward the modeling and qualitative analysis of large systems that are of interest in applied sciences. These generalizations are documented in the various surveys edited by Bellomo and Pulvirenti with reference to models of granular media, traffic flow, mathematical biology, communication networks, and coagulation models. The first generalization dealt with refers to the averaged Boltzmann equation, which is obtained by suitable averaging of the distribution function of the field particles into the action domain of the test particle. This model is further developed to describe equations with dissipative collisions and a class of models that are of interest in mathematical biology. In this latter case the state of the particles is defined not only by a mechanical variable but also by a biological microscopic state.




Modeling in Applied Sciences


Book Description

Modeling complex biological, chemical, and physical systems, in the context of spatially heterogeneous mediums, is a challenging task for scientists and engineers using traditional methods of analysis. Modeling in Applied Sciences is a comprehensive survey of modeling large systems using kinetic equations, and in particular the Boltzmann equation and its generalizations. An interdisciplinary group of leading authorities carefully develop the foundations of kinetic models and discuss the connections and interactions between model theories, qualitative and computational analysis and real-world applications. This book provides a thoroughly accessible and lucid overview of the different aspects, models, computations, and methodology for the kinetic-theory modeling process. Topics and Features: * Integrated modeling perspective utilized in all chapters * Fluid dynamics of reacting gases * Self-contained introduction to kinetic models * Becker–Doring equations * Nonlinear kinetic models with chemical reactions * Kinetic traffic-flow models * Models of granular media * Large communication networks * Thorough discussion of numerical simulations of Boltzmann equation This new book is an essential resource for all scientists and engineers who use large-scale computations for studying the dynamics of complex systems of fluids and particles. Professionals, researchers, and postgraduates will find the book a modern and authoritative guide to the topic.




High-dimensional Nonlinear Diffusion Stochastic Processes


Book Description

Annotation This book is one of the first few devoted to high-dimensional diffusion stochastic processes with nonlinear coefficients. These processes are closely associated with large systems of Ito's stochastic differential equations and with discretized-in-the-parameter versions of Ito's stochastic differential equations that are nonlocally dependent on the parameter. The latter models include Ito's stochastic integro-differential, partial differential and partial integro-differential equations.The book presents the new analytical treatment which can serve as the basis of a combined, analytical -- numerical approach to greater computational efficiency. Some examples of the modelling of noise in semiconductor devices are provided




Lecture Notes on the Discretization of the Boltzmann Equation


Book Description

This book presents contributions on the following topics: discretization methods in the velocity and space, analysis of the conservation properties, asymptotic convergence to the continuous equation when the number of velocities tends to infinity, and application of discrete models. It consists of ten chapters. Each chapter is written by applied mathematicians who have been active in the field, and whose scientific contributions are well recognized by the scientific community.




Lecture Notes on the Mathematical Theory of Generalized Boltzmann Models


Book Description

This book is based on the idea that Boltzmann-like modelling methods can be developed to design, with special attention to applied sciences, kinetic-type models which are called generalized kinetic models. In particular, these models appear in evolution equations for the statistical distribution over the physical state of each individual of a large population. The evolution is determined both by interactions among individuals and by external actions. Considering that generalized kinetic models can play an important role in dealing with several interesting systems in applied sciences, the book provides a unified presentation of this topic with direct reference to modelling, mathematical statement of problems, qualitative and computational analysis, and applications. Models reported and proposed in the book refer to several fields of natural, applied and technological sciences. In particular, the following classes of models are discussed: population dynamics and socio-economic behaviours, models of aggregation and fragmentation phenomena, models of biology and immunology, traffic flow models, models of mixtures and particles undergoing classic and dissipative interactions.




Statistical Treatment of Turbulent Polydisperse Particle Systems


Book Description

In this book we will introduce the modeling process of turbulent particulate flows which are encountered in many engineering and environmental applications. These types of flows usually also involve heat and mass transfer and turbulence adds another dimension to the complexity of the problem and hence a rigorous mathematical treatment is usually required. This required mathematical background makes the learning curve for new research students and practicing engineers extremely steep. Therefore modeling process for new or existing problems is extremely slow and is usually restricted to minor improvements to the to the available models. In this book we try to gather the required mathematical knowledge and introduce them more intuitively. Many numerical simulations of basic processes and equation will be given to provide the reader with a physical understanding of the different terms in the underlying equations. We will start the modeling process from a mesoscopic level which deals with the system of an intermediate length scale between the size of the atoms or molecules and the bulk of the material. This provides a unique opportunity for the reader to intuitively add different phenomena to their models and equipped with the necessary mathematical tools derive the final models for their problems.




Applied and Industrial Mathematics in Italy II


Book Description

Industrial mathematics is evolving into an important branch of mathematics. Mathematicians, in particular in Italy, are becoming increasingly aware of this new trend and are engaged in bridging the gap between highly specialized mathematical research and the emerging demand for innovation from industry. The contributions in this volume provide both R&D workers in industry with a general view of existing skills, and academics with state-of-the-art applications of mathematics to real-world problems, which may also be incorporated in advanced courses.




Hyperbolic and Kinetic Models for Self-organised Biological Aggregations


Book Description

This book focuses on the spatio-temporal patterns generated by two classes of mathematical models (of hyperbolic and kinetic types) that have been increasingly used in the past several years to describe various biological and ecological communities. Here we combine an overview of various modelling approaches for collective behaviours displayed by individuals/cells/bacteria that interact locally and non-locally, with analytical and numerical mathematical techniques that can be used to investigate the spatio-temporal patterns produced by said individuals/cells/bacteria. Richly illustrated, the book offers a valuable guide for researchers new to the field, and is also suitable as a textbook for senior undergraduate or graduate students in mathematics or related disciplines.




Wavelet and Wave Analysis as Applied to Materials with Micro Or Nanostructure


Book Description

This seminal book unites three different areas of modern science: the micromechanics and nanomechanics of composite materials; wavelet analysis as applied to physical problems; and the propagation of a new type of solitary wave in composite materials, nonlinear waves. Each of the three areas is described in a simple and understandable form, focusing on the many perspectives of the links among the three.All of the techniques and procedures are described here in the clearest and most open form, enabling the reader to quickly learn and use them when faced with the new and more advanced problems that are proposed in this book. By combining these new scientific concepts into a unitary model and enlightening readers on this pioneering field of research, readers will hopefully be inspired to explore the more advanced aspects of this promising scientific direction. The application of wavelet analysis to nanomaterials and waves in nanocomposites can be very appealing to both specialists working on theoretical developments in wavelets as well as specialists applying these methods and experiments in the mechanics of materials.




Mathematical Methods for the Natural and Engineering Sciences


Book Description

This book provides a variety of methods required for the analysis and solution of equations which arise in the modeling of phenomena from the natural and engineering sciences. It can be used productively by both undergraduate and graduate students, as well as others who need to learn and understand these techniques. A detailed discussion is also presented for several topics that are usually not included in standard textbooks at this level: qualitative methods for differential equations, dimensionalization and scaling, elements of asymptotics, difference equations, and various perturbation methods. Each chapter contains a large number of worked examples and provides references to the appropriate literature.