Discovering the Brain


Book Description

The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the "Decade of the Brain" by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a "field guide" to the brainâ€"an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€"and how a "gut feeling" actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the "Decade of the Brain," with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€"what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€"and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€"and many scientists as wellâ€"with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the "Decade of the Brain."




Webvision


Book Description




Atlas of Morphology and Functional Anatomy of the Brain


Book Description

The recent advances in neuroimaging techniques, particularly magnetic re- nance (MR), have greatly improved our knowledge of brain anatomy and related brain function. Morphological and functional investigations of the brain using high-definition MR have made detailed study of the brain possible and provided new data on anatomo-functional correlations. These studies have fuelled the interest in central nervous system imaging by clinicians (n- roradiologists, neurosurgeons, neurologists, neurophysiologists, and psych- trists) as well as biophysicists and bioengineers, who are at work on new and ever more sophisticated acquisition and processing techniques to continue to improve the potential of brain imaging methods. The possibility of obtaining high-definition MR images using a 3.0-T m- net prompted us, despite the broad existing literature, to conceive an atlas illustrating in a simple and effective way the anatomy of the brain and correl- ed functions. Following an introductory chapter by Prof. Pierre Rabischong, the atlas is divided into a morphological and a functional imaging section. The morphological atlas includes 3D surface images, axial, coronal, and sagittal scans acquired with high-definition T2 fast spin echo (FSE) sequences, and standard and inverted-contrast images. The MR scans are shown side by side with the corresponding anatomical brain sections, provided by Prof. Henri Duvernoy, for more effective comparison. The anatomical nomenclature adopted for both the MR and the anatomical images is listed in an jacket flap for easier consultation.




Neurology of Vision and Visual Disorders


Book Description

Neurology of Vision and Visual Disorders, Volume 178 in the Handbooks of Neurology series provides comprehensive summaries of recent research on the brain and nervous system. This volume reviews alterations in vision that stem from the retina to the cortex. Coverage includes content on vision and driving derived from the large amount of time devoted in clinics to determining who is safe to drive, along with research on the interplay between visual loss, attention and strategic compensations that may determine driving suitability. The title concludes with vision therapies and the evidence behind these approaches. Each chapter is co-written by a basic scientist collaborating with a clinician to provide a solid underpinning of the mechanisms behind the clinical syndromes. - Reviews the neurological underpinnings of visual perception disorders - Encompasses the cortex to the retina - Covers functional organization, electrophysiology and subcortical visual pathways - Discusses assessment, diagnosis and management of visual perception disorders - Includes international experts from Australia, Canada, Denmark, Germany, Singapore, and the UK and US




Genomics, Circuits, and Pathways in Clinical Neuropsychiatry


Book Description

This foundational work comprehensively examines the current state of the genetics, genomics and brain circuitry of psychiatric and neurological disorders. It consolidates discoveries of specific genes and genomic regions associated with these conditions, the genetic and anatomic architecture of these syndromes, and addresses how recent advances in genomics are leading to a reappraisal of the biology underlying clinical neuroscience. In doing so, it critically examines the promise and limitations of these discoveries toward treatment, and to the interdisciplinary nature of understanding brain and behavior. Coverage includes new discoveries regarding autism, epilepsy, intellectual disability, dementias, movement disorders, language impairment, disorders of attention, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. Genomics, Circuits, and Pathways in Clinical Neuropsychiatry focuses on key concepts, challenges, findings, and methods in genetics, genomics, molecular pathways, brain circuitry, and related neurobiology of neurologic and psychiatric disorders. - Provides interdisciplinary appeal in psychiatry, neurology, neuroscience, and genetics - Identifies key concepts, methods, and findings - Includes coverage of multiple disorders from autism to schizophrenia - Reviews specific genes associated with disorders - Discusses the genetic architecture of these syndromes - Explains how recent findings are influencing the understanding of biology - Clarifies the promise of these findings for future treatment




Nolte's The Human Brain E-Book


Book Description

Popular for its highly visual and easy-to-follow approach, Nolte's The Human Brain helps demystify the complexities of the gross anatomy of the brain, spinal cord and brainstem. A clear writing style, interesting examples and visual cues bring this extremely complicated subject to life and more understandable. - Get the depth of coverage you need with discussions on all key topics in functional neuroanatomy and neuroscience, giving you well-rounded coverage of this complex subject. - Zero in on the key information you need to know with highly templated, concise chapters that reinforce and expand your knowledge. - Develop a thorough, clinically relevant understanding through clinical examples providing a real-life perspective. - Gain a greater understanding of every concept through a glossary of key terms that elucidates every part of the text; 3-dimensional brain. - Acquaint yourself with the very latest advancements in the field with many illustrations using the most current neuroimaging techniques, reflecting recent developments and changes in understanding. - Keep up with the latest knowledge in neural plasticity including formation, modification, and repair of connections, with coverage of learning and memory, as well as the coming revolution in ways to fix damaged nervous systems, trophic factors, stem cells, and more. - NEW! Gauge your mastery of the material and build confidence with over 100 multiple choice questions that provide effective chapter review and quick practice for your exams. - Student Consult eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, references, and videos from the book on a variety of devices.




Introduction to Epilepsy


Book Description

Covers all aspects of epilepsy, from basic mechanisms to diagnosis and management, as well as legal and social considerations.




Homonymous Visual Field Defects


Book Description

This book provides a concise, up-to-date overview on homonymous visual field defects, and especially homonymous hemianopia. All aspects of the subject are covered, from anatomy and pathophysiology to diagnosis and management. Emphasis is placed on practical issues and major advances in ophthalmology, neurology, imaging techniques, and psychology. Rehabilitation strategies are described, and methods supporting compensation strategies are recommended. A separate chapter considers driving with homonymous hemianopia, which represents one of the critical issues in traffic ophthalmology. This book will be of particular value to ophthalmologists, neurologists, neurosurgeons, and neuroscientists. It will be an invaluable asset in diagnostic and treatment decision making in patients with homonymous visual field defects, which are the most frequent type of visual field deficit after acquired unilateral postchiasmal brain damage. ​




Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology


Book Description

Clinical neuropsychology is a rapidly evolving specialty whose practitioners serve patients with traumatic brain injury, stroke and other vascular impairments, brain tumors, epilepsy and nonepileptic seizure disorders, developmental disabilities, progressive neurological disorders, HIV- and AIDS-related disorders, and dementia. . Services include evaluation, treatment, and case consultation in child, adult, and the expanding geriatric population in medical and community settings. The clinical goal always is to restore and maximize cognitive and psychological functioning in an injured or compromised brain. Most neuropsychology reference books focus primarily on assessment and diagnosis, and to date none has been encyclopedic in format. Clinicians, patients, and family members recognize that evaluation and diagnosis is only a starting point for the treatment and recovery process. During the past decade there has been a proliferation of programs, both hospital- and clinic-based, that provide rehabilitation, treatment, and treatment planning services. This encyclopedia will serve as a unified, comprehensive reference for professionals involved in the diagnosis, evaluation, and rehabilitation of adult patients and children with neuropsychological disorders.




Evolution of Nervous Systems


Book Description

Evolution of Nervous Systems, Second Edition, Four Volume Set is a unique, major reference which offers the gold standard for those interested both in evolution and nervous systems. All biology only makes sense when seen in the light of evolution, and this is especially true for the nervous system. All animals have nervous systems that mediate their behaviors, many of them species specific, yet these nervous systems all evolved from the simple nervous system of a common ancestor. To understand these nervous systems, we need to know how they vary and how this variation emerged in evolution. In the first edition of this important reference work, over 100 distinguished neuroscientists assembled the current state-of-the-art knowledge on how nervous systems have evolved throughout the animal kingdom. This second edition remains rich in detail and broad in scope, outlining the changes in brain and nervous system organization that occurred from the first invertebrates and vertebrates, to present day fishes, reptiles, birds, mammals, and especially primates, including humans. The book also includes wholly new content, fully updating the chapters in the previous edition and offering brand new content on current developments in the field. Each of the volumes has been carefully restructured to offer expanded coverage of non-mammalian taxa, mammals, primates, and the human nervous system. The basic principles of brain evolution are discussed, as are mechanisms of change. The reader can select from chapters on highly specific topics or those that provide an overview of current thinking and approaches, making this an indispensable work for students and researchers alike. Presents a broad range of topics, ranging from genetic control of development in invertebrates, to human cognition, offering a one-stop resource for the evolution of nervous systems throughout the animal kingdom Incorporates the expertise of over 100 outstanding investigators who provide their conclusions in the context of the latest experimental results Presents areas of disagreement and consensus views that provide a holistic view of the subjects under discussion