GEOINFORMATICS - Volume II


Book Description

Geoinformatics is a component of Encyclopedia of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. Geoinformatics is a science which develops and uses information science infrastructure to address the problems of geosciences and related branches of engineering. The content of the theme on Geoinformatics is organized with state-of-the-art presentations covering the following aspects of the subject: Sample Data and Survey; Remote Sensing and Environmental Monitoring; Statistical Analysis in the Geosciences; International Cooperation for Data Acquisition and Use, which are then expanded into multiple subtopics, each as a chapter.. These two volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College Students Educators, Professional Practitioners, Research Personnel and Policy Analysts, Managers, and Decision Makers and NGOs.




Advances and Trends in Geodesy, Cartography and Geoinformatics


Book Description

The International Scientific and Professional Conference on Geodesy, Cartography and Geoinformatics 2017 (GCG 2017) was organized under the auspices of the Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Technical University of Košice (SK), Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice (SK), Faculty of Civil Engineering, STU Bratislava (SK), Faculty of Civil Engineering, CTU Prague (CZ), University of Technology, Kielce (PL), AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow (PL), Upper Nitra Mines Prievidza, plc. (SK) and the Slovakian Mining Society (SK). The conference was held from October 10 - 13, 2017, in Low Tatras, Slovakia. The purpose of the conference was to provide a forum for prominent scientists, researchers and professionals from Slovakia, Poland and the Czech Republic to present novel and fundamental advances in the fields of geodesy, cartography and geoinformatics. Conference participants had the opportunity to exchange and share their experiences, research and results solved within scientific research projects with other colleagues. The conference focused on a wide spectrum of actual topics and subject areas in Surveying and Mine Surveying, Geodetic Control and Geodynamics, and Cartography and Geoinformatics and collected in this proceedings volume.




Agro-geoinformatics


Book Description

This volume collects and presents the fundamentals, tools, and processes of utilizing geospatial information technologies to process remotely sensed data for use in agricultural monitoring and management. The issues related to handling digital agro-geoinformation, such as collecting (including field visits and remote sensing), processing, storing, archiving, preservation, retrieving, transmitting, accessing, visualization, analyzing, synthesizing, presenting, and disseminating agro-geoinformation have never before been systematically documented in one volume. The book is edited by International Conference on Agro-Geoinformatics organizers Dr. Liping Di (George Mason University), who coined the term “Agro-Geoinformatics” in 2012, and Dr. Berk Üstündağ (Istanbul Technical University) and are uniquely positioned to curate and edit this foundational text. The book is composed of eighteen chapters that can each stand alone but also build on each other to give the reader a comprehensive understanding of agro-geoinformatics and what the tools and processes that compose the field can accomplish. Topics covered include land parcel identification, image processing in agricultural observation systems, databasing and managing agricultural data, crop status monitoring, moisture and evapotranspiration assessment, flood damage monitoring, agricultural decision support systems and more.




Geoinformatics for Marine and Coastal Management


Book Description

Geoinformatics for Marine and Coastal Management provides a timely and valuable assessment of the current state of the art geoinformatics tools and methods for the management of marine systems. This book focuses on the cutting-edge coverage of a wide spectrum of activities and topics such as GIS-based application of drainage basin analysis, contribution of ontology to marine management, geoinformatics in relation to fisheries management, hydrography, indigenous knowledge systems, and marine law enforcement. The authors present a comprehensive overview of the field of Geoinformatic Applications in Marine Management covering key issues and debates with specific case studies illustrating real-world applications of the GIS technology. This "box of tools" serves as a long-term resource for coastal zone managers, professionals, practitioners, and students alike on the management of oceans and the coastal fringe, promoting the approach of allowing sustainable and integrated use of oceans to maximize opportunities while keeping risks and hazards to a minimum.




Geoinformatics


Book Description

Key Features:Y All aspects of Geoinformatics--Plane Surveying, Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing, GIS, GPS included.Y Gives basic concepts with principles of all aspects discussed.Y Measurements explained with neat line drawing.About the Book:This book is an attempt to bring the different fields of Geoinformatics under one fold to help the novices in gettingthe subject matter at one place. The book includes Plane Surveying, Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing,Geographic Information System (GIS), and Global Positioning System (GPS). The subject matter emphasizes onthe basic concepts and practices in use. The book has six sections as below:Section I introduces the Geoinformatics as a whole in the perspective of surveying as it has unlimited fields ofapplications. Section II provides basic concepts of errors in Plane Surveying, techniques of making linear andangular measurements for producing topographic maps of areas of moderate extents. Section III deals withPhotogrammetry and technique of measurements on aerial photographs to produce topographic maps. Section IVis devoted to Remote Sensing, principle of this technique, and its application. It also presents various remotesensing missions launched, and the technique of image interpretation and digital image processing. Section Vdiscusses the Geographic Information System (GIS) and its application, data models used in GIS, and how variousspatial entities are related to each other in GIS environment through topology. Section VI is on Global PositioningSystem (GPS) which now finds its use in our day-today life. It is a technology for gathering (x, y, z) coordinates ofpoints anywhere on the globe at any time making use of artificial satellites devoted to GPS. This section explainsprinciple of working of GPS and its use in surveying.




GIS Applications in Agriculture


Book Description

As the first volume in a unique series concentrating on in-depth discussions of GIS topics, GIS Applications in Agriculture examines ways that this powerful technology can help farmers/firms to produce a greater abundance of crops with more efficiency and at lower costs. Each chapter describes the nature of the problem, examines the purpose of the GIS application, describes methods used to develop the application, provides results, and offers a conclusion as well as other supportive information. When appropriate, it presents the underlying statistical approach for the GIS software that is used. This text also includes a CD-ROM that features data sets and the full color maps produced by the use of GIS.




Remote Sensing Handbook, Volume II


Book Description

Volume II of the Six Volume Remote Sensing Handbook, Second Edition, is focused on digital image processing including image classification methods in land cover and land use. It discusses object-based segmentation and pixel-based image processing algorithms, change detection techniques, and image classification for a wide array of applications including land use/land cover, croplands, urban studies, processing hyperspectral remote sensing data, thermal imagery, light detection and ranging (LiDAR), geoprocessing workflows, frontiers of GIScience, and future pathways. This thoroughly revised and updated volume draws on the expertise of a diverse array of leading international authorities in remote sensing and provides an essential resource for researchers at all levels interested in using remote sensing. It integrates discussions of remote sensing principles, data, methods, development, applications, and scientific and social context. Features Provides the most up-to-date comprehensive coverage of digital image processing. Highlights object-based image analysis (OBIA) and pixel-based classification methods and techniques of digital image processing. Demonstrates practical examples of image processing for a myriad of applications such as land use/land cover, croplands, and urban. Establishes image processing using different types of remote sensing data that includes multispectral, radar, LiDAR, thermal, and hyperspectral. Highlights change detection, geoprocessing, and GIScience. This volume is an excellent resource for the entire remote sensing and GIS community. Academics, researchers, undergraduate and graduate students, as well as practitioners, decision makers, and policymakers, will benefit from the expertise of the professionals featured in this book, and their extensive knowledge of new and emerging trends.







Data Mining for Geoinformatics


Book Description

The rate at which geospatial data is being generated exceeds our computational capabilities to extract patterns for the understanding of a dynamically changing world. Geoinformatics and data mining focuses on the development and implementation of computational algorithms to solve these problems. This unique volume contains a collection of chapters on state-of-the-art data mining techniques applied to geoinformatic problems of high complexity and important societal value. Data Mining for Geoinformatics addresses current concerns and developments relating to spatio-temporal data mining issues in remotely-sensed data, problems in meteorological data such as tornado formation, estimation of radiation from the Fukushima nuclear power plant, simulations of traffic data using OpenStreetMap, real time traffic applications of data stream mining, visual analytics of traffic and weather data and the exploratory visualization of collective, mobile objects such as the flocking behavior of wild chickens. This book is designed for researchers and advanced-level students focused on computer science, earth science and geography as a reference or secondary text book. Practitioners working in the areas of data mining and geoscience will also find this book to be a valuable reference.




Designing Better Maps


Book Description

Describing how to build balanced map layouts suited to varied mapping goals, this guide focuses on export options that suit different media and can be edited in other applications. The wide range of text characteristics needed for expert map design as well as how to improve map readability with type effects such as character spacing, leading, callouts, shadows, and halos is detailed. Tips are included for using font tools in the Windows operating system, such as creating special characters in map text, as is information on using text characteristics to indicate feature locations, categories, and hierarchies on maps. How cartographic conventions guide placement of labels for point, line, and area features are also explained.