Author :
Publisher :
Page : 92 pages
File Size : 16,33 MB
Release : 2002
Category : Air
ISBN :
Author : California State Library
Publisher :
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 17,29 MB
Release : 2003
Category : California
ISBN :
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 399 pages
File Size : 16,8 MB
Release : 2020-05-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 0309496381
Medium- and heavy-duty trucks, motor coaches, and transit buses - collectively, "medium- and heavy-duty vehicles", or MHDVs - are used in every sector of the economy. The fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions of MHDVs have become a focus of legislative and regulatory action in the past few years. This study is a follow-on to the National Research Council's 2010 report, Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium-and Heavy-Duty Vehicles. That report provided a series of findings and recommendations on the development of regulations for reducing fuel consumption of MHDVs. On September 15, 2011, NHTSA and EPA finalized joint Phase I rules to establish a comprehensive Heavy-Duty National Program to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and fuel consumption for on-road medium- and heavy-duty vehicles. As NHTSA and EPA began working on a second round of standards, the National Academies issued another report, Reducing the Fuel Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Phase Two: First Report, providing recommendations for the Phase II standards. This third and final report focuses on a possible third phase of regulations to be promulgated by these agencies in the next decade.
Author : Committee on Assessment of Technologies and Approaches for Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium- And Heavy-Duty Vehicles Phase Two
Publisher :
Page : 116 pages
File Size : 11,52 MB
Release : 2014-10-02
Category :
ISBN : 9780309386715
Medium- and heavy-duty trucks, motor coaches, and transit buses - collectively, "medium- and heavy-duty vehicles," or MHDVs - are used in every sector of the economy. The fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions of MHDVs have become a focus of legislative and regulatory action in the past few years. "Reducing the Fuel Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Phase Two" is a follow-on to the National Research Council's 2010 report, "Technologies and Approaches to Reducing the Fuel Consumption of Medium-and Heavy-Duty Vehicles." That report provided a series of findings and recommendations on the development of regulations for reducing fuel consumption of MHDVs. This report comprises the first periodic, five-year follow-on to the 2010 report. "Reducing the Fuel Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Medium- and Heavy-Duty Vehicles, Phase Two" reviews NHTSA fuel consumption regulations and considers the technological, market and regulatory factors that may be of relevance to a revised and updated regulatory regime taking effect for model years 2019-2022. The report analyzes and provides options for improvements to the certification and compliance procedures for medium- and heavy-duty vehicles; reviews an updated analysis of the makeup and characterization of the medium- and heavy-duty truck fleet; examines the barriers to and the potential applications of natural gas in class 2b through class 8 vehicles; and addresses uncertainties and performs sensitivity analyses for the fuel consumption and cost/benefit estimates.
Author : Chen Zhang
Publisher :
Page : 87 pages
File Size : 44,50 MB
Release : 2019
Category : Diesel motor
ISBN :
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 38,95 MB
Release : 2000-12-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 0309072514
As national priorities have been focused both on reducing fuel consumption and improving air quality, attention has increased on reducing emissions from many types of vehicles, including light-duty, medium-duty, and heavy-duty diesel-powered vehicles. Meeting the recently promulgated (and proposed) emission standards and simultaneously increasing fuel economy will pose especially difficult challenges for diesel-powered vehicles and will require the development of new emission-reduction technologies. In response to a request from the director of OHVT, the National Research Council formed the Committee on Review of DOE's Office of Heavy Vehicle Technologies to conduct a broad, independent review of its research and development (R&D) activities.
Author : Mohamadreza Farzaneh
Publisher :
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 48,73 MB
Release : 2011
Category : Air
ISBN :
Author : Brown, Vi (Violettee)
Publisher :
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 40,84 MB
Release : 2008
Category : Trucks
ISBN :
The objective of this research study was to perform a thorough evaluation of the feasibility and cost implications for initial system installation and ongoing program and maintenance costs for a Land Port of Entry truck emissions program utilizing Heavy Duty Remote Sensing technology. This study includes funding recommendations to maintain such a program. To meet the study objective, project tasks included the following: 1) Develop a work plan for approval by the Technical Advisory Committee, 2) Review the literature on cross-border truck traffic, truck emissions, and truck emissions testing, 3) Prepare a detailed data collection plan, 4) Implement the data collection plan and provide detailed discussion and analysis to support the proposed testing program's elements and cost components, 5) Prepare a final report and a four-page research note. Cost data were developed for each alternative and includes figures for capital equipment installation and five years of operation and maintenance expenses. The present worth costs for each data plan utilizing contract labor ranged from $1,320,828 to $2,177,467. If employees of ADOT or ADEQ are used, the present worth costs range between $1,140,349 and $1,923,247. While it is obvious that the use of employees is less expensive than contract labor, the agency could find it difficult to attract highly skilled employees for a proposed HDRS emissions measurement program at the Arizona-Mexico border. It is important to note that measurement of emissions by remote sensing is still an emerging technology that has limitations in its application. ADOT can partner with ADEQ to determine if a monitoring program is warranted at the border at this time. ADEQ has an established air quality monitoring program throughout the state and has trained staff, equipment, and facilities to support such a program.
Author :
Publisher :
Page : 34 pages
File Size : 12,72 MB
Release : 2011
Category :
ISBN :
Author : Seungju Yoon
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 46,86 MB
Release : 2005
Category : Automobiles
ISBN :
For Heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs), the distribution of vehicle miles traveled (VMT) by vehicle type is the most significant parameters for onroad mobile source emissions modeling used in the development of air quality management and regional transportation plans. There are two approaches for the development of the HDV VMT distribution; one approach uses HDV registration data and annual mileage accumulation rates, and another uses HDV VMT counts/observations collected with the FHWA truck classification. For the purpose of emissions modeling, the FHWA truck classes are converted to those used by the MOBILE6.2 emissions rate model by using either the EPA guidance or the National Research Council conversion factors. However, both these approaches have uncertainties in the development of onroad HDV VMT distributions that can lead to large unknowns in the modeled HDV emissions. This dissertation reports a new heavy-duty vehicle visual classification and activity estimation method that minimizes uncertainties in current HDV conversion methods and the vehicle registration based HDV VMT estimation guidance. The HDV visual classification scheme called the X-scheme, which classifies HDV/truck classes by vehicle physical characteristics (the number of axles, gross vehicle weight ratings, tractor-trailer configurations, etc.) converts FHWA truck classes into EPA HDV classes without losing the original resolution of HDV/truck activity and emission characteristics. The new HDV activity estimation method using publicly available HDV activity databases minimizes uncertainties in the vehicle registration based VMT estimation method suggested by EPA. The analysis of emissions impact with the new method indicates that emissions with the EPA HDV VMT estimation guidance are underestimated by 22.9% and 25.0% for oxides of nitrogen and fine particulate matter respectively within the 20-county Atlanta metropolitan area. Because the new heavy-duty vehicle visual classification and activity estimation method has the ability to provide accurate HDV activity and emissions estimates, this method has the potential to significantly influence policymaking processes in regional air quality management and transportation planning. In addition, the ability to estimate link-specific emissions benefits Federal and local agencies in the development of project (microscale), regional (mesoscale), and national (macroscale) level air quality management and transportation plans.
