The Expository Times


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In the World of Sumer


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Samuel Noah Kramer is the leading authority on the interpretation and reading of civilization's oldest literature. His life and life's work are so thoroughly intertwined that his autobiography is also the story of the recovery of the language and literature of the Sumerians. From young Talmudist to the patriarch of Sumerology, Kramer recountshis long and distinguished career. Writing for the non-specialist, he paints a panoramic view of Sumerian literature and provides thumbnail sketches of the individuals with whom he collaborated.







The Old-Babylonian Merchant


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Assyrian Deeds and Documents


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An Old Babylonian Version of the Gilgamesh Epic


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"An Old Babylonian Version of the Gilgamesh Epic" by Morris Jastrow and Albert Tobias Clay presents a scholarly examination of one of the world's oldest literary masterpieces. The Gilgamesh Epic, originating from ancient Mesopotamia, tells the story of Gilgamesh, the king of Uruk, and his quest for immortality. This edition focuses on the Old Babylonian version of the epic, providing translations, annotations, and critical analysis of the text. Jastrow and Clay delve into the historical and cultural context of the epic, exploring its themes of friendship, mortality, and the search for eternal life. The epic begins with the heroic deeds of Gilgamesh and his companion Enkidu, whose deep bond and subsequent tragedies propel Gilgamesh on a journey to understand the meaning of life and death. Along the way, he encounters gods, monsters, and wise beings who offer insights into the human condition. "An Old Babylonian Version of the Gilgamesh Epic" is invaluable for its detailed scholarship and accessibility, making the ancient story available to modern readers. Jastrow and Clay's work provides a comprehensive understanding of the epic's significance and enduring legacy in world literature.