Human Organic Memory Disorders


Book Description

Brain damage can cause memory to break down in a number of different ways, the analysis of which can illuminate how the intact brain mediates memory processes. After first considering the problems involved in assessing memory, this book provisionally advances a taxonomy of elementary memory disorders and, for each in turn, reviews both the specific processes that are disrupted and the lesions responsible for the disruption. These disorders include short-term memory deficits, deficits in previously well-established memory, memory decifits caused by frontal lobe lesions, the organic amnesias, the disorders of conditioning and skill acquisition. Particular attention is paid to the organic amnesias, about which we know the most, and to the contributions of animal models to our knowledge. Andrew Mayes argues that the memory deficits found in several neurological and psychiatric syndromes comprise co-occurring elementary memory disorders. Finally, he outlines the implications of his taxonomy for our understanding of normal memory. A wide audience of researchers and students will find Human Organic Memory Disorders a helpful guide to a complex problem area.




Memory Disorders in Psychiatric Practice


Book Description

Memory complaints are a frequent feature of psychiatric disorder, even in the absence of organic disease. In this practical reference for the clinician, first published in 2000, German Berrios and John Hodges lead an international team of eminent psychiatrists, behavioural neurologists and clinical psychologists to focus on the psychiatric and organic aspects of memory disorders from the perspective of the multidisciplinary memory clinic. These disorders include organic syndromes such as the dementias, the amnesic syndrome and transient amnestic states, and also psychiatric aspects of memory disorders in the functional psychoses. Among the specific topics reviewed are the paramnesias, conditions such as déjà vu, flashbulb and flashback memories, and the problems of recovered, false and feigned memories. Throwing light on established conditions, and also introducing two new syndromes, this book makes a major contribution to the understanding and clinical management of memory disorders in psychiatry, neuropsychology and other disciplines.




The Seven Sins of Memory


Book Description

A New York Times Notable Book: A psychologist’s “gripping and thought-provoking” look at how and why our brains sometimes fail us (Steven Pinker, author of How the Mind Works). In this intriguing study, Harvard psychologist Daniel L. Schacter explores the memory miscues that occur in everyday life, placing them into seven categories: absent-mindedness, transience, blocking, misattribution, suggestibility, bias, and persistence. Illustrating these concepts with vivid examples—case studies, literary excerpts, experimental evidence, and accounts of highly visible news events such as the O. J. Simpson verdict, Bill Clinton’s grand jury testimony, and the search for the Oklahoma City bomber—he also delves into striking new scientific research, giving us a glimpse of the fascinating neurology of memory and offering “insight into common malfunctions of the mind” (USA Today). “Though memory failure can amount to little more than a mild annoyance, the consequences of misattribution in eyewitness testimony can be devastating, as can the consequences of suggestibility among pre-school children and among adults with ‘false memory syndrome’ . . . Drawing upon recent neuroimaging research that allows a glimpse of the brain as it learns and remembers, Schacter guides his readers on a fascinating journey of the human mind.” —Library Journal “Clear, entertaining and provocative . . . Encourages a new appreciation of the complexity and fragility of memory.” —The Seattle Times “Should be required reading for police, lawyers, psychologists, and anyone else who wants to understand how memory can go terribly wrong.” —The Atlanta Journal-Constitution “A fascinating journey through paths of memory, its open avenues and blind alleys . . . Lucid, engaging, and enjoyable.” —Jerome Groopman, MD “Compelling in its science and its probing examination of everyday life, The Seven Sins of Memory is also a delightful book, lively and clear.” —Chicago Tribune Winner of the William James Book Award




The Handbook of Memory Disorders


Book Description

The eagerly awaited 2nd edition of this classic handbook is a critical, thorough account of memory disorders relating to neurological processes and to developmental and acquired brain damage and presents comprehensive sections on theory, assessment, treatment and management of memory disorders. Written by a truly international team of experts, this completely updated edition offers an authoritative review of the key areas of research and development in this field. ? Completely updated and expanded ? New sections and chapters reflect many of the biggest growth areas in the field in recent years, such as confabulation, false memory and the frontal lobes ? Written by an international team of experts




Common Mental Health Disorders


Book Description

Bringing together treatment and referral advice from existing guidelines, this text aims to improve access to services and recognition of common mental health disorders in adults and provide advice on the principles that need to be adopted to develop appropriate referral and local care pathways.




Companion to Psychiatric Studies


Book Description

This comprehensive and authoritative resource thoroughly covers the basic science of psychiatry as well as its clinical practice. It succinctly presents all of the information needed for psychiatric certification. The 7th Edition features a new soft-cover binding and a more user-friendly format, as well as an increased focus on evidence-based medicine.




The Encyclopedia of Memory and Memory Disorders


Book Description

More than 600 clear, concise entries explore such topics as the anatomy of the brain; the role of the brain in the central nervous system; how thoughts, feelings, and memories develop; the effects of brain injuries; and the impact of major brain diseases. The glossary, bibliography, and appendixes have also been thoroughly revised.




Discovering the Brain


Book Description

The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the "Decade of the Brain" by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a "field guide" to the brainâ€"an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€"and how a "gut feeling" actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the "Decade of the Brain," with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€"what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€"and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€"and many scientists as wellâ€"with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the "Decade of the Brain."




Clinical Neuropsychology of Intervention


Book Description

Neuropsychology has been concerned with brain-behavior relationships. Clinical neuropsychology has been concerned with application of relation ships to clinical problems. As interest in these topics continues, a spin-off from clinical neuropsychology has been the realization ofthe potential ofde lineations of behavioral consequences of cerebral lesions for developing and evaluating restoration and compensation objectives. Methods for these proce dures are scattered in books, journal articles, or else unwritten, and only in the minds of clinicians. Questions need to be addressed regarding the kinds ofassessment selections required; the types ofrehabilitation planning; the in fluences ofthe environment, communication, and personality; and the means of effectively evaluating rehabilitation procedures. A useful book is needed by clinicians working in this area. The purpose of this book is to consolidate, in one volume, current work able approaches ofa subdiscipline within neuropsychology and related areas which we are calling Intervention. Problems, dilemmas, solutions, and choices are presented to the reader beginning to work in this fascinating area, and to those of us already enthralled by previous developments and outcomes. Workers with expertise in assessment for intervention and interventiop strategies are chapter contributors who unravel issues, provide available em pirically based theory, illustrative data, and case reports. The volume begins with a chapter that emphasizes an awareness of the potential usefulness ofpathophysiology, and the recognition of spontaneous xv xvi recovery in relationship to intervention. Part II of the book is devoted to identifying and developing assessment techniques relevant for intervention.




Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 4)


Book Description

Mental, neurological, and substance use disorders are common, highly disabling, and associated with significant premature mortality. The impact of these disorders on the social and economic well-being of individuals, families, and societies is large, growing, and underestimated. Despite this burden, these disorders have been systematically neglected, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, with pitifully small contributions to scaling up cost-effective prevention and treatment strategies. Systematically compiling the substantial existing knowledge to address this inequity is the central goal of this volume. This evidence-base can help policy makers in resource-constrained settings as they prioritize programs and interventions to address these disorders.




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