Introduction to Texture Analysis


Book Description

Reflecting emerging methods and the evolution of the field, Introduction to Texture Analysis: Macrotexture, Microtexture, and Orientation Mapping keeps mathematics to a minimum in covering both traditional macrotexture analysis and more advanced electron-microscopy-based microtexture analysis. The authors integrate the two techniques and address the subsequent need for a more detailed explanation of philosophy, practice, and analysis associated with texture analysis. The book illustrates approaches to orientation measurement and interpretation and elucidates the fundamental principles on which measurements are based. Thoroughly updated, this Third Edition of a best-seller is a rare introductory-level guide to texture analysis. Discusses terminology associated with orientations, texture, and their representation, as well as the diffraction of radiation, a phenomenon that is the basis for almost all texture analysis Covers data acquisition, as well as representation and evaluation related to the well-established methods of macrotexture analysis Updated to include experimental details of the latest transmission or scanning electron microscope-based techniques for microstructure analysis, including electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) Describes how microtexture data are evaluated and represented and emphasizes the advances in orientation microscopy and mapping, and advanced issues concerning crystallographic aspects of interfaces and connectivity Offers new and innovative grain boundary descriptions and examples This book is an ideal tool to help readers in the materials sciences develop a working understanding of the practice and applications of texture.




Indian Metallurgy


Book Description

The book marks the Platinum Jubilee of the Indian Institute of Metals, closely matching independent India's age. It is envisaged as a compilation of technical articles tracing the birth and growth trajectory of metallurgical science, engineering and technology in the nation, attempting a degree of prognostication covering the next quarter of a century. It contains the essence of the metallurgical research and development and industrial progress India has witnessed in the last 75 years. This book comprises technical articles written by industry leaders and eminent technocrats. It includes overviews by distinguished researchers who have strived to build foundations of new metallurgical research and engineering fields. It includes learned writings of persons associated with premier institutions heavily dependent on metallurgy and materials. They have made seminal contributions by nurturing the growth of metallurgical research and industrial production or have made first-hand contributions to building the great organisations we have today. Coinciding with the Platinum Jubilee year of the Indian Institute of Metals, this book brings out the enormous efforts of these individuals representing their organisations to share insights that led to their success as an entity. Similarly, several professionals who significantly contributed to the understanding of metallurgical engineering, have held important positions and steered the national strategic programmes or academically nurtured students in their illustrious careers also share their journey in this book. This book chronicles the significant advances made in the field of metallurgical science, engineering and technology in India, presenting the historical perspective and prospects in the format of a technical volume.




Applied Crystallography


Book Description

This proceedings volume contains research data from structural investigation of materials of high industrial value. Contents: Determination of Crystal Structure from Powder Diffraction by Rietveld Method; Development of Methods and Techniques in X-Ray, Electron and Neutron Diffraction; Crystallography of Phase Transformation, Martensitic Transformation in Shape Memory Alloys; Texture Studies, Defect Structure and Microstructure Characterisation; Material Structure: Metals, Ceramic, Polymers, Amorphous Materials, Nanomaterials and Thin Films. Readership: Graduate students and researchers in crystallography and materials science.




Electron Backscatter Diffraction in Materials Science


Book Description

Crystallographic texture or preferred orientation has long been known to strongly influence material properties. Historically, the means of obtaining such texture data has been though the use of x-ray or neutron diffraction for bulk texture measurements, or transmission electron microscopy or electron channeling for local crystallographic information. In recent years, we have seen the emergence of a new characterization technique for probing the microtexture of materials. This advance has come about primarily through the automated indexing of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) patterns. The first commercially available system was introduced in 1994, and since then of sales worldwide has been dramatic. This has accompanied widening the growth applicability in materials scienceproblems such as microtexture, phase identification, grain boundary character distribution, deformation microstructures, etc. and is evidence that this technique can, in some cases, replace more time-consuming transmission electron microscope (TEM) or x-ray diffraction investigations. The benefits lie in the fact that the spatial resolution on new field emission scanning electron microscopes (SEM) can approach 50 nm, but spatial extent can be as large a centimeter or greater with a computer controlled stage and montagingofthe images. Additional benefits include the relative ease and low costofattaching EBSD hardware to new or existing SEMs. Electron backscatter diffraction is also known as backscatter Kikuchi diffraction (BKD), or electron backscatter pattern technique (EBSP). Commercial names for the automation include Orientation Imaging Microscopy (OIMTM) and Automated Crystal Orientation Mapping (ACOM).




Materials Processing and Texture


Book Description

This volume contains papers presented at The 15th International Conference on the Texture of Materials from June 1-5th, 2008 in Pittsburgh, PA. Chapters include: Friction Stir Welding and Processing Texture and Anisotropy in Steels Effects of Magnetic Fields Hexagonal Metals Texture in Materials Design View information on Applications of Texture Analysis: Ceramic Transactions, Volume 201.




Formability of Metallic Materials


Book Description

After a brief introduction into crystal plasticity,the fun- damentals of crystallographic textures and plastic anisotro- py, a main topic of this book, are outlined. A large chapter is devoted to formability testing both for bulk metal and sheet metal forming. For the first time testing methods for plastic anisotropy of round bars and tubes are included. A profound survey is given of literature about yield criteria for anisotropic materials up to most recent developments and the calculation of forming limits of anisotropic sheet me- tal. Other chapters are concerned with properties of workpieces after metal forming as well as the fundamentals of the theory of plasticity and finite element simulation of metal forming processes. The book is completed by a collection of tables of international standards for formability testing and of flow curves of metals which are most commonly used in metal forming. It is addressed both to university and industrial readers.




Recrystallization and Related Annealing Phenomena


Book Description

Recrystallization and Related Annealing Phenomena, Third Edition, fulfills the information needs of materials scientists in both industry and academia. The subjects treated in the book are all active research areas, forming a major part of at least four regular international conference series. This new third edition ensures the reader has access to the latest findings, and is essential reading to those working in the forefront of research in universities and laboratories. For those in industry, the book highlights applications of the research and technology, exploring, in particular, the significant progress made recently in key areas such as deformed state, including deformation to very large strains, the characterization of microstructures by electron backscatter diffraction, the modeling and simulation of annealing, and continuous recrystallization. Includes over 50% of new, revised, and updated material, highlighting the significant recent literature results in grain growth in non-crystallizing systems, 3D characterization techniques, quantitative modeling techniques, and all-new appendices on texture and measurements Contains synthesized, detailed coverage from leading authors that bridge the gap between theory and practice Includes a critical level of synthesis and pedagogy with an authored rather than edited volume




Aluminum Alloys


Book Description




Nondestructive Characterization of Materials IV


Book Description

There is a great deal of interest in extending nondestructive technologies beyond the location and identification of cracks and voids. Specifically there is growing interest in the application of nondestructive evaluation (NOEl to the measurement of physical and mechanical properties of materials. The measurement of materials properties is often referred to as materials characterization; thus nondestructive techniques applied to characterization become nondestructive characterization (NDCl. There are a number of meetings, proceedings and journals focused upon nondestructive technologies and the detection and identification of cracks and voids. However, the series of symposia, of which these proceedings represent the fourth, are the only meetings uniquely focused upon nondestructive characterization. Moreover, these symposia are especially concerned with stimulating communication between the materials, mechanical and manufacturing engineer and the NDE technology oriented engineer and scientist. These symposia recognize that it is the welding of these areas of expertise that is necessary for practical development and application of NDC technology to measurements of components for in service life time and sensor technology for intelligent processing of materials. These proceedings are from the fourth international symposia and are edited by c.o. Ruud, J. F. Bussiere and R.E. Green, Jr. . The dates, places, etc of the symposia held to date area as follows: Symposia on Nondestructive Methods for TITLE: Material Property Determination DATES: April 6-8, 1983 PLACE: Hershey, PA, USA CHAIRPERSONS: C.O. Ruud and R.E. Green, Jr.




Recrystallization and Related Annealing Phenomena


Book Description

The annealing of deformed materials is of both technological importance and scientific interest. The phenomena have been most widely studied in metals, although they occur in all crystalline materials such as the natural deformation of rocks and the processing of technical ceramics. Research is mainly driven by the requirements of industry, and where appropriate, the book discusses the extent to which we are able to formulate quantitative, physically-based models which can be applied to metal-forming processes. The subjects treated in this book are all active research areas, and form a major part of at least four regular international conference series. However, there have only been two monographs published in recent times on the subject of recrystallization, the latest nearly 20 years ago. Since that time, considerable advances have been made, both in our understanding of the subject and in the techniques available to the researcher. The book covers recovery, recrystallization and grain growth in depth including specific chapters on ordered materials, two-phase alloys, annealing textures and annealing during and after hot working. Also contained are treatments of the deformed state and the structure and mobility of grain boundaries, technologically important examples and a chapter on computer simulation and modelling. The book provides a scientific treatment of the subject for researchers or students in Materials Science, Metallurgy and related disciplines, who require a more detailed coverage than is found in textbooks on physical metallurgy, and a more coherent treatment than will be found in the many conference proceedings and review articles.