Power Transformers


Book Description

Complete with equations, illustrations, and tables, this book covers the basic theory of electric power transformers, its application to transformer designs, and their application in utility and industrial power systems. The author presents the principles of the two-winding transformer and its connection to polyphase systems, the origins of transformer losses, autotransformers, and three-winding transformers and compares different types of transformer coil and coil construction. He describes the effects of short circuits on transformers, the design and maintenance of ancillary equipment, and preventative and predictive maintenance practices for extending transformer life.




Alternative Liquid Dielectrics for High Voltage Transformer Insulation Systems


Book Description

A comprehensive reference and guide on the usage of the alternative dielectric fluids for transformer insulation systems Liquid-filled transformers are one of the most important and expensive components involved in the transmission and distribution of power to industrial and domestic loads. Although petroleum-based insulating oils have been used in transformers for decades, recent environmental concerns, health and safety considerations, and various technical factors have increased the need for new alternative and biodegradable liquids. Alternative Liquid Dielectrics for High Voltage Transformer Insulation Systems is an up-to-date reference and guide on natural and synthetic ester-based biodegradable insulating liquids. Covering the operational behavior, performance analysis, and maintenance of transformers filled with biodegradable insulating liquids, this comprehensive resource helps researchers and utility engineers expand their knowledge of the benefits, challenges, and application of ester-filled transformers. In-depth chapters written by experienced researchers addresses critical topics including transformer condition monitoring, high voltage insulation testing, biodegradable insulating material processing and evaluation, and more. A unique and significant contribution to existing literature on the subject, this authoritative volume: • Covers condition monitoring, diagnostic testing, applications, maintenance, and in-service experiences • Explores current challenges and future prospects of ester-filled transformers • Discusses significant research progress and identifies the topics in need of further emphasis • Compares the differences and similarities between mineral oils and ester liquids • Includes in-depth behavioral observations and performance analysis of ester-based insulating liquids Alternative Liquid Dielectrics for High Voltage Transformer Insulation Systems: Performance Analysis and Applications is a must-have reference for utility engineers, electrical power utilities, transformer owners, manufacturers, and researchers.




Electrical Codes, Standards, Recommended Practices and Regulations


Book Description

Electrical codes, standards, recommended practices and regulations can be complex subjects, yet are essential in both electrical design and life safety issues.This book demystifies their usage.It is a handbook of codes, standards, recommended practices and regulations in the United States involving electrical safety and design. Many engineers and electrical safety professionals may not be aware of all of those documents and their applicability. This book identifies those documents by category, allowing the ready and easy access to the relevant requirements. Because these documents may be updated on a regular basis, this book was written so that its information is not reliant on the latest edition or release of those codes, standards, recommended practices or regulations.No single document on the market today attempts to not only list the majority of relevant electrical design and safety codes, standards, recommended practices and regulations, but also explain their use and updating cycles. This book, one-stop-information-center for electrical engineers, electrical safety professionals, and designers, does. - Covers the codes, standards, recommended practices and regulations in the United States involving electrical safety and design, providing a comprehensive reference for engineers and electrical safety professionals - Documents are identified by category, enabling easy access to the relevant requirements - Not version-specific; information is not reliant on the latest edition or release of the codes, standards, recommended practices or regulations




Transformer Design Principles, Third Edition


Book Description

In the newest edition, the reader will learn the basics of transformer design, starting from fundamental principles and ending with advanced model simulations. The electrical, mechanical, and thermal considerations that go into the design of a transformer are discussed with useful design formulas, which are used to ensure that the transformer will operate without overheating and survive various stressful events, such as a lightning strike or a short circuit event. This new edition includes a section on how to correct the linear impedance boundary method for non-linear materials and a simpler method to calculate temperatures and flows in windings with directed flow cooling, using graph theory. It also includes a chapter on optimization with practical suggestions on achieving the lowest cost design with constraints.




Intelligent Energy Management Technologies


Book Description

This book is a collection of best selected high-quality research papers presented at the International Conference on Advances in Energy Management (ICAEM 2019) organized by the Department of Electrical Engineering, Jodhpur Institute of Engineering & Technology (JIET), Jodhpur, India, during 20–21 December 2019. The book discusses intelligent energy management technologies which are cost effective compared to the high cost of fossil fuels. This book also explains why these systems have beneficial impact on environmental, economic and political issues of the world. The book is immensely useful for research scholars, academicians, R&D institutions, practicing engineers and managers from industry.




Transformer Design Principles


Book Description

Updating and reorganizing the valuable information in the first edition to enhance logical development, Transformer Design Principles: With Applications to Core-Form Power Transformers, Second Edition remains focused on the basic physical concepts behind transformer design and operation. Starting with first principles, this book develops the reader’s understanding of the rationale behind design practices by illustrating how basic formulae and modeling procedures are derived and used. Simplifies presentation and emphasizes fundamentals, making it easy to apply presented results to your own designs The models, formulae, and methods illustrated in this book cover the crucial electrical, mechanical, and thermal aspects that must be satisfied in transformer design. The text also provides detailed mathematical techniques that enable users to implement these models on a computer. The authors take advantage of the increased availability of electromagnetic 2D and 3D finite element programs, using them to make calculations, especially in conjunction with the impedance boundary method for dealing with eddy current losses in high-permeability materials such as tank walls. Includes new or updated material on: Multi terminal transformers Phasors and three-phase connections Impulse generators and air core reactors Methodology for voltage breakdown in oil Zig-zag transformers Winding capacitances Impulse voltage distributions Temperature distributions in the windings and oil Fault type and fault current analyses Although the book’s focus is on power transformers, the transformer circuit models presented can be used in electrical circuits, including large power grids. In addition to the standard transformer types, the book explores multi-terminal transformer models, which allow complicated winding interconnections and are often used in phase shifting and rectifying applications. With its versatile coverage of transformers, this book can be used by practicing design and utility engineers, students, and anyone else who requires knowledge of design and operational characteristics.




Distributed Photovoltaic Grid Transformers


Book Description

The demand for alternative energy sources fuels the need for electric power and controls engineers to possess a practical understanding of transformers suitable for solar energy. Meeting that need, Distributed Photovoltaic Grid Transformers begins by explaining the basic theory behind transformers in the solar power arena, and then progresses to describe the development, manufacture, and sale of distributed photovoltaic (PV) grid transformers, which help boost the electric DC voltage (generally at 30 volts) harnessed by a PV panel to a higher level (generally at 115 volts or higher) once it is inverted to the AC voltage form by the inverter circuit. Packed with real-life scenarios and case studies from around the globe, Distributed Photovoltaic Grid Transformers covers the key design, operation, and maintenance aspects of transformers suitable for solar energy. Topics include islanding, voltage flicker, voltage operating range, frequency and power factor variation, and waveform distortion. Multiple homework questions are featured in each chapter. A solutions manual and downloadable content, such as illustrated examples, are available with qualifying course adoption.




New Computational Methods in Power System Reliability


Book Description

Power system reliability is the focus of intensive study due to its critical role in providing energy supply to modern society. This comprehensive book describes application of some new specific techniques: universal generating function method and its combination with Monte Carlo simulation and with random processes methods, Semi-Markov and Markov reward models and genetic algorithm. The book can be considered as complementary to power system reliability textbooks.