Impounded Water Bodies Modelling and Simulation


Book Description

This book enhances knowledge on Impounded Water Bodies (IWB) systems of the interested parties. They include academicians, scholars, scientist, researchers, engineers, undergraduate and postgraduate students. Specifically this book is valuable for everyone involved in water, hydrology, environment, civil engineering and other related disciplines. This book emphasized modelling and simulation of IWB particularly; Reservoir and Detention Pond, in relation to the two major hydrological problems; Flood and Water Pollution. The knowledge presented is useful for hydrological systems real phenomenon replication and prediction. This book also provides IWB general overview, in terms of the preliminary and state of the art analysis which may trigger the interest for further research and investigations. The IWB related factors were integrated to provide the quantitative framework, alternative approaches and valuable outcomes that lead to worthy policy establishment. This book covers topic related to nutrient (phosphorus) loadings estimation using the new version of Event-Based Stochastic Model in reservoir systems. The detention pond systems modelling using Analytical Probabilistic Models (APM) and the optimization of detention time using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) are elaborated. It is hoped that the book provides useful knowledge in pursuit of the IWB sustainable development. Dr Supiah Shamsudin is an Associate Professor in Water Resources and Hydrology at the Razak School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia - Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. She obtained Bachelor of Science (Civil Engineering) from University of Miami, USA and Master of Science (Hydrology and Water resources) from University of Nebraska - Lincoln, USA. She later obtained Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Civil Engineering from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia in 2003. Her main specialization is Impounded Water Bodies Engineering and Management. Her research interest include intelligent detention pond design, watershed and reservoir management under uncertain environment, environmental hydrology, reservoir eutrophication, fuzzy and risk related approaches and multicriteria decision support for water resources systems. She had extensive involvements in international peer reviewed indexed journal publications and presented at many national and international conferences. Dr Salisu Danazumi is currently a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Civil Engineering, Bayero University Kano - Nigeria. He holds a Bachelors degree (Civil Engineering) and Masters degree (Water Resources and Environmental Engineering) from Bayero University Kano - Nigeria in 1998 and 2006 respectively. He obtained a PhD degree in Hydrology from Universiti Teknologi Malaysia in 2012. His research interest include: multi-objective optimization of water resource systems using particle swarm optimization, risk and uncertainty analysis and surface water quality modelling. He has authored and co-authored many papers in international peer reviewed journals and conferences.




Freshwater Ecosystems


Book Description

Ecosystem analysis and ecological modelling is a rapidly developing interdisciplinary branch of science used in theoretical developments in ecology and having practical applications in environmental protection. In this book, the authors introduce new holistic, particularly cybernetic, concepts into ecosystem theory and modelling, and provide a concise treatment of mathematical modelling of freshwater ecosystems which covers methods, subsystem models, applications and theoretical developments.Part I begins with a brief introduction to the principles of systems theory and their applications to ecosystems, and provides a summary of various methods of systems analysis. In Part II emphasis is laid on the pelagic processes in standing water, characterised by relatively uninvolved structures from which models can be readily developed. Part III describes applications of the technique of modelling to solutions of theoretical and practical problems, with different modelling methods and objectives being used in the various chapters. More recent developments in the methods and theory of ecosystem modelling are covered in Part IV which also includes a discussion of future trends. The book is addressed to practising ecologists and engineers in the fields of ecology, limnology, environmental protection, and water quality managements, as well as to graduate/post-graduate university students in science and engineering. Students and researchers involved in environmental applications of mathematics and cybernetics will also find the book of interest.







Systems Analysis and Simulation in Ecology


Book Description

Systems Analysis and Simulation in Ecology, Volume III, and its companion, Volume IV, grew out of a symposium, Modeling and Analysis of Ecosystems, held at the University of Georgia, 1-3 March 1973. The purposes of the meeting were to (i) review the status of ecosystem modeling, simulation, and analysis; (ii) provide a forum for interaction between U.S. International Biological Program (IBP) Biome modeling programs and selected non-IBP investigations involving systems approaches to ecosystem analysis; and (iii) identify and promote dialogue on key issues in macrosystem modeling. The volume is organized into two parts. Part I treats ecosystem modeling in the U.S. IBP. The introductory chapter is followed by five chapters describing grassland, deciduous forest, desert, tundra, and coniferous forest biome modeling. The concluding chapter is one of critique and evaluation. Part II is devoted mainly to freshwater ecosystems, grading into the estuarine system in the last chapter. The five chapters of this section encompass a simple thermal ecosystem, small woodland streams, a reservoir, one of the Great Lakes, a lake reclaimed from eutrophication, and a major estuary under stress of human impact.




COGEOMAP


Book Description




Modelling, Simulation and Control of Urban Wastewater Systems


Book Description

by Professor Poul Harremoes Environmental engineering has been a discipline dominated by empirical approaches to engineering. Historically speaking, the development of urban drainage structures was very successful on the basis of pure empiricism. Just think of the impressive structures built by the Romans long before the discipline of hydraulics came into being. The fact is that the Romans did not know much about the theories of hydraulics, which were discovered as late as the mid-1800s. However, with the Renaissance came a new era. Astronomy (Galileos) and basic physics (Newton) started the scientific revolution and in the mid-1800s Navier and Stokes developed the application of Newtons laws to hydrodynamics, and later, St. Venant the first basic physics description of the motion of water in open channels. The combination of basic physical understanding of the phenomena involved in the flow of water in pipes and the experience gained by "trial and error", the engineering approach to urban drainage improved the design and performance of the engineering drainage infrastructure. However, due to the mathematical complications of the basic equations, solutions were available only to quite simple cases of practical significance until the introduction of new principles of calculation made possible by computers and their ability to crunch numbers. Now even intricate hydraulic phenomena can be simulated with a reasonable degree of confidence that the simulations are in agreement with performance in practice, if the models are adequately calibrated with sample performance data.