Iraqi Mirages


Book Description

Originally envisaged and acquired as a 'pure' interceptor, before long the Mirage F.1 in Iraqi service proved a highly capable multi-role platform aircraft, and was widely deployed not only for ground attack but also anti-shipping purposes, as an aerial tanker, and for delivering long-range pin-point attacks.




Iraqi Mirages in Combat


Book Description

Strongly influenced by the outcome of the 1967 war against Israel, Iraq sought to obtain aircraft with advanced avionics in early 1968. Extensive negotiations between Baghdad and Paris for the acquisition of Mirage 5s, however, ended at the time without substantial results. During French Prime Minister Jacques Chirac's three-day trip to Baghdad in December 1974, the possibility of Iraq purchasing Mirage fighters was again raised. Initially, then Iraqi Vice-President Saddam Hussein expressed his intention to buy the same Mirage fighters that Israel used with success against Egypt and Syria during the 1973 war. Nevertheless, when Dassault and French military engine manufacturer SNECMA sent a technical team to Baghdad, they offered him one better; the Mirage F1. When the French salesmen showed films of the new fighter in action and an extensive technical briefing of the weaponry it could deliver, Saddam's military advisors were simply overjoyed.As the biggest export customer for Mirage F.1, the Iraqi Air Force significantly contributed to the further development of this aircraft. They played a key role in the research and development of a number of systems that eventually found their way into operational service in the Armée de l ́Air. Originally developed and acquired as an interceptor, the F.1EQ proved a highly capable multirole aircraft which was widely deployed not only as a recce/ground-attack plane, but also as an anti-shipping weapon. It also had the extra function of serving as an in-flight refueling platform capable of performing impressive long-range attacks which ultimately contributed to shift the balance in the air in favor of Iraq.While much was written about the Mirage F.1 in its French variants, the aircraft's combat deployment by Iraq still remains an unknown topic that must be addressed following an exhaustive research based on IQAF documents and interviews with key people involved. The purpose of this book is to provide in-depth, first-hand insight into the acquisition process, development and equipment of custom-tailored variants made for Iraq, training of Iraqi personnel and their combat/reconnaissance missions during the Iran-Iraq war, the 1991 Gulf War, the embargoed 1990s and the last stand during the 2003 Invasion of Iraq. Illustrated with over 200 pictures, 70 color profiles and 13 maps, the author provides an unprecedented 230-pages in full color covering the story of the F.1EQ in Iraq. It is the author's hope that this publication will prove to be a great reference on missions, weapons configurations, onboard equipment, camo schemes and markings of Mirage F.1EQ in Iraqi service.




The Iran–Iraq War


Book Description

The Iran-Iraq War is one of the largest, yet least documented conflicts in the history of the Middle East. Drawing from an extensive cache of captured Iraqi government records, this book is the first comprehensive military and strategic account of the war through the lens of the Iraqi regime and its senior military commanders. It explores the rationale and decision-making processes that drove the Iraqis as they grappled with challenges that, at times, threatened their existence. Beginning with the bizarre lack of planning by the Iraqis in their invasion of Iran, the authors reveal Saddam's desperate attempts to improve the competence of an officer corps that he had purged to safeguard its loyalty to his tyranny, and then to weather the storm of suicidal attacks by Iranian religious revolutionaries. This is a unique and important contribution to our understanding of the history of war and the contemporary Middle East.




The Weapons of Mass Destruction Program of Iraq


Book Description




The Iran-Iraq War


Book Description

From 1980 to 1988, Iran and Iraq fought the longest conventional war of the twentieth century. The tragedies included the slaughter of child soldiers, the use of chemical weapons, the striking of civilian shipping in the Gulf, and the destruction of cities. The Iran-Iraq War offers an unflinching look at a conflict seared into the region’s collective memory but little understood in the West. Pierre Razoux shows why this war remains central to understanding Middle Eastern geopolitics, from the deep-rooted distrust between Sunni and Shia Muslims, to Iran’s obsession with nuclear power, to the continuing struggles in Iraq. He provides invaluable keys to decipher Iran’s behavior and internal struggle today. Razoux’s account is based on unpublished military archives, oral histories, and interviews, as well as audio recordings seized by the U.S. Army detailing Saddam Hussein’s debates with his generals. Tracing the war’s shifting strategies and political dynamics—military operations, the jockeying of opposition forces within each regime, the impact on oil production so essential to both countries—Razoux also looks at the international picture. From the United States and Soviet Union to Israel, Europe, China, and the Arab powers, many nations meddled in this conflict, supporting one side or the other and sometimes switching allegiances. The Iran-Iraq War answers questions that have puzzled historians. Why did Saddam embark on this expensive, ultimately fruitless conflict? Why did the war last eight years when it could have ended in months? Who, if anyone, was the true winner when so much was lost?




A Century of Air Power


Book Description

No other technical development since the introduction of gunpowder has had as great an influence on warfare as the aircraft. From its early beginnings as simply a means of aerial reconnaissance to its utter supremacy on the battlefield, the aircraft has evolved into the most versatile and precise killing machine known to man.??In this wide-ranging and comprehensive study, David Sloggett, an internationally-respected defence analyst, investigates the changing role and increasing significance of air power over the course of the previous 100 years. This is accomplished by detailing every major conflict during that period including not only the two world wars and the recent conflicts in the Middle East but also the Korean War, the Cuban Missile Crisis, the Falklands War and Russian use of air power in Afghanistan. Air power's role in Malaya, Oman, Kenya and in Northern Ireland is also explained. ??A Century of Air Power is the most important study of the use of military aircraft ever undertaken and as such provides valuable lessons for the future – not only for the commanders who have to apply these all-powerful weapons but also for the politicians who have to determine its use.




Air Warfare in the Missile Age


Book Description

Lon O. Nordeen has completely updated his 1985 chronicle of military aviation’s evolving role in warfare, now covering the major conflicts of the past four decades. He presents the historical and political background of each conflict and includes in-depth discussions of the aircraft, weapons, tactics, training, new systems, and other factors that influenced the outcome of each war. New and existing chapters have been enhanced with information based on recently declassified material—especially regarding Vietnam—and new sources in Egypt, Israel, and the former Soviet Union. As “smart” bombs have become more successful in reducing the risks for pilots and frontline troops, air-missile warfare has become the central player in military conflicts. Air Warfare in the Missile Age, Second Edition, is a valuable resource for understanding the evolution of modern air warfare.




Saddam’s Generals: Perspectives of the Iran-Iraq War


Book Description

This study was inspired by post-World War II efforts of U.S. Army historians and intelligence officers to gather and preserve insights and perspectives of the German General Staff. This is the second volume in a series of studies, sponsored by the National Intelligence Council, designed to cast light on issues involving Saddam's Iraq by interviewing former Iraqi officials. The first volume, Saddam's War: An Iraqi Military Perspective of the Iran- Iraq War, contained interviews with Lieutenant General Ra'ad Hamdani, a former Iraqi Republican Guard Corps commander. This second volume includes an additional interview with Hamdani, along with four additional senior officers who discuss issues including Iraqi naval operations, airpower, military intelligence, and capability development.




Iran Iraq Naval War


Book Description

Draws upon unique access to Iranian naval archives and examines in detail the naval war between 1981 and early 1984 Well away from the major battlefields on the ground in the Iran-Iraq War, and hidden from the gaze of the curious public, the navies and air forces of the two belligerents contested the waters of the Persian (or Arabian) Gulf. This naval aspect of the war still remains largely unknown and hugely underreported in the West other than in terms of the ‘Tanker War’ and the impact upon international shipping. Yet this was a war in which Iran and Iraq pitted the best technologies available to them – bought from the world’s leading arms manufacturers and exporters – against each other’s vital oil production and exports, and against vital maritime lifelines. Iran in particular relied upon ‘caravans’ of shipping to import raw materials, provide logistic support to the land war, and to export oil-based products. Iraq would make the first (and by far most extensive) combat use of the famous Exocet anti-ship missile long before its first claimed use by Argentina in the Falklands/Malvinas War and would make extensive use of French-sourced electronic warfare capabilities and Soviet anti-radiation missiles. Iran would make the first combat use of the F-14 Tomcat and its associated AIM-54 Phoenix air-to-air missile and would be the first to launch the RGM-84 Harpoon surface-to-surface missile in anger. Far from being a backwater, this was the testing ground for many cutting-edge technologies. Volume 2 of Iran-Iraq Naval War draws upon unique access to Iranian naval archives and examines in detail the naval war between 1981 and early 1984 as Iraq struggled to defeat Iran’s highly organized maritime ‘caravans,’ how each side experienced successes and failures in the employment of new technologies, and their efforts to counter these. This book is illustrated throughout with original photographs, many in color and never previously published in the West, and with specially commissioned color maps and the @War series’ signature color artworks showing the ships and aircraft employed in this war.




Iranian F-14 Tomcat Units in Combat


Book Description

So formidable an opponent did the Iraqi airforce consider the F-14 that during the Iran-Iraq war, they ordered their pilots not to engage F-14s and the presence of one in an area was usually enough to empty it of Iraqi aircraft. Officially losses where tiny; only one F-14 was lost in aerial combat (to a MiG-21), one to a control problem and one downed by a ground-to-air missile. This book looks at the F-14's Iranian combat history and includes first hand accounts from the pilots themselves. It will consider key engagements and the central figures involved, illustrating the realities, successes and failures of the Iranian air campaign.