Knowledge, Skill and Artificial Intelligence


Book Description

Issues raised by the Theory of Knowledge, a central theme in the development of Artificial Intelligence, are the main topic of this book. The major questions are: How is the expert's knowledge to be elicited, what are the limits and possibilities? How can skill be developed and maintained in a more and more computerized and abstract working life? This last question is also closely related to the discussion on programs for education and training in society and working life. Long term effects on skill formation in working life in relation to new technology are a very important area of research. Case studies form the basis for philosophical reflections with the main concept of tacit knowledge as the central issue of skill and new technology. To a great extent the discussion is based on current case studies of professional groups with experience in advanced computer technology. The contributions of this book demonstrate the complicated nature of human knowledge. They introduce different theoretical perspectives on the issue of knowledge acquisition and elicitation.







Machine Learning and Human Intelligence


Book Description

Intelligence is at the heart of what makes us human, but the methods we use for identifying, talking about and valuing human intelligence are impoverished. We invest artificial intelligence (AI) with qualities it does not have and, in so doing, risk losing the capacity for education to pass on the emotional, collaborative, sensory and self-effective aspects of human intelligence that define us. To address this, Rosemary Luckin--leading expert in the application of AI in education - proposes a framework for understanding the complexity of human intelligence. She identifies the comparative limitation of AI when analyzed using the same framework, and offers clear-sighted recommendations for how educators can draw on what AI does best to nurture and expand our human capabilities.




Artificial Experts


Book Description

An in-depth look at the ordinary and extraordinary things computers can do.




Artificial Intelligence in Commercial Aviation


Book Description

This book is a must read for aviation managers and all stakeholders that are interested in improving the business performance of airlines. In this book, the first of its kind on AI in Commercial Aviation, the author outlines how Machine Learning and AI are accelerating and improving the performance of airlines. Moreover, the author shares insights into many new use cases that emerging technology can deliver. He tackles all crucial functions from air navigation, flight operations, to sales, distribution, cargo, retailing, and commercial optimization. He then looks forward to blockchain and the metaverse and its opportunities. With connected devices and the Internet of Everything (IoE), airlines can become retailers, sell, deliver, and service holistic experiences tailored to individuals in real time. This requires airlines to modernize processes and practices supported by decision intelligence (AI) that ingests sophisticated insights and executes service automation in real time. Transforming airlines from a production to a services-based execution also requires departments to be aligned along overriding customer experience and profitability goals. The book demonstrates how AI can be deployed to redesign airline organization as well. The author also describes the next wave of business transformation around the integration of commercial functions using Composite AI at enterprise level. With his holistic understanding and experience in the airline industry, the author provides valuable insights and helps managers understand how to embrace ML and AI and contribute to future commercial aviation and cargo success.




Cybernetics And Systems '90 - Proceedings Of The Tenth European Meeting On Cybernetics And Systems Research


Book Description

Contents:How Many "Demons" Do We Need? Endophysical Self-Creation of Material Structures and the Exophysical Mystery of Universal Libraries (G Kampis & O E Rössler)Some Implications of Re-Interpretation of the Turing Test for Cognitive Science and Artificial Intelligence (G Werner)Why Economic Forecasts will be Overtaken by the Facts (J D M Kruisinga)Simulation Methods in Peace and Conflict Research (F Breitenecker et al)Software Development Paradigms: A Unifying Concept (G Chroust)Hybrid Hierarchies: A Love-Hate Relationship Between ISA and SUPERC (D Castelfranchi & D D'Aloisi)AI for Social Citizenship: Towards an Anthropocentric Technology (K S Gill)Organizational Cybernetics and Large Scale Social Reforms in the Context of Ongoing Developments (E Bekjarov & A Athanassov)China's Economic Reform and its Obstacles: Challenges to a Large-Scale Social Experiment (J Hu & X Sun)Comparing Conceptual Systems: A Strategy for Changing Values as well as Institutions (S A Umpleby)and others Readership: Researchers in the fields of cybernetics and systems, artificial intelligence, economics and mathematicians.




Information Society


Book Description

Human-centredness: A Challenge to Post-industrial Europe? The key power in industrial society has been linked to the possession of capital and factory. In the "information society" it could be rather different. If one accepts that that the key power in the information society will be linked not so much to the ownership of information but to human creativity nourished by that information, the productive force of today and tomorrow, could be more and more the human brain. Making use of one's intelligence is always accompanied by positive emotion, which in turn further activates the intelligence. But, unfortunately, under present conditions workers of all levels live in fear, anxiety and stress rather than desire and motivation. The question of "basic human ecology" (quality of life) is, therefore, a major strategic factor. It is precisely the opposite to the mechanisms of exclusion that currently dominate our society: exclusion of young people through joblessness - but also exclusion through technology, as with the helplessness of older people or the poorly educated confronted with ticket dispensing machines or other automats. This is not idle theorizing, it corresponds to concrete facts. It is, for example, how some observers interpret the crisis at IBM. Because its programs were less 'human-friendly', it was shaken to its foundations by Apple and Microsof- though it seems since to have learnt its lesson.




The Psychology of Expertise


Book Description

This volume investigates our ability to capture, and then apply, expertise. In recent years, expertise has come to be regarded as an increasingly valuable and surprisingly elusive resource. Experts, who were the sole active dispensers of certain kinds of knowledge in the days before AI, have themselves become the objects of empirical inquiry, in which their knowledge is elicited and studied -- by knowledge engineers, experimental psychologists, applied psychologists, or other experts -- involved in the development of expert systems. This book achieves a marriage between experimentalists, applied scientists, and theoreticians who deal with expertise. It envisions the benefits to society of an advanced technology for capturing and disseminating the knowledge and skills of the best corporate managers, the most seasoned pilots, and the most renowned medical diagnosticians. This book should be of interest to psychologists as well as to knowledge engineers who are "out in the trenches" developing expert systems, and anyone pondering the nature of expertise and the question of how it can be elicited and studied scientifically. The book's scope and the pivotal concepts that it elucidates and appraises, as well as the extensive categorized bibliographies it includes, make this volume a landmark in the field of expert systems and AI as well as the field of applied experimental psychology.




Artificial intelligence and education


Book Description

Ensuring that AI empowers educators and learners, not over-empowers them, and that future developments and practices are truly for the common good. Artificial intelligence (Al) is increasingly having an impact on education, bringing opportunities as well as numerous challenges. These observations were noted by the Council of Europe’s Committee of Ministers in 2019 and led to the commissioning of this report, which sets out to examine the connections between Al and education (AI&ED). In particular, the report presents an overview of AI&ED seen through the lens of the Council of Europe values of human rights, democracy and the rule of law; and it provides a critical analysis of the academic evidence and the myths and hype. The Covid-19 pandemic school shutdowns triggered a rushed adoption of educational technology, which increasingly includes AI-assisted classrooms tools (AIED). This AIED, which by definition is designed to influence child development, also impacts on critical issues such as privacy, agency and human dignity – all of which are yet to be fully explored and addressed. But AI&ED is not only about teaching and learning with AI, but also teaching and learning about AI (AI literacy), addressing both the technological dimension and the often-forgotten human dimension of AI. The report concludes with a provisional needs analysis – the aim being to stimulate further critical debate by the Council of Europe’s member states and other stakeholders and to ensure that education systems respond both proactively and effectively to the numerous opportunities and challenges introduced by AI&ED.




Artificial Intelligence in Education


Book Description

This work reports on research into intelligent systems, models, and architectures for educational computing applications. It covers a wide range of advanced information and communication and computational methods applied to education and training.