Why People Pay Taxes


Book Description

Experts discuss strategies for curtailing tax evasion




EU Employment Law


Book Description

This book traces the evolution of European Union employment law and social policy from its essentially economic origins in the Treaty of Rome through to the emerging themes post-Amsterdam: co-ordination of national employment policies,modernisation of social laws and combating discrimination. Each stage of development of Community employment law and social policy is analysed in depth to give a sense of perspective to this fast changing field. As the European Union seeks to meet the challenges of globalisation the need to develop social policy as a productive factor has come to the fore. The author explains how the social, economic and employment imperatives of European integration have always been intertwined and how the emergence of Community employment law from its hitherto twilight existence is best understood through an examination of consistent strands of policy development.







Criminality at Work


Book Description

From the Master and Servant legislation to the Factories Acts of the 19th century, the criminal law has always had a vital yet normatively complex role in the regulation of work relations. Even in its earliest forms, it operated both as a tool to repress collective organizations and enforce labour discipline, while policing the worst excesses of industrial capitalism. Recently, governments have begun to rediscover criminal law as a regulatory tool in a diverse set of areas related to labour law: 'modern slavery', penalizing irregular migrants, licensing regimes for labour market intermediaries, wage theft, supporting the enforcement of general labour standards, new forms of hybrid preventive orders, harassment at work, and industrial protest. This volume explores the political and regulatory dimensions of the new 'criminality at work' from a wide range of disciplinary perspectives, including labour law, immigration law, and health and safety regulations. The volume provides an overview of the regulatory terrain of 'criminality at work', exploring whether these different regulatory interventions represent politically legitimate uses of the criminal law. The book also examines whether these recent interventions constitute a new pattern of criminalization that operates in preventive mode and is based upon character and risk-based forms of culpability. The volume concludes by reflecting upon the general themes of 'criminality at work' comparatively, from Australian, Canadian, and US perspectives. Criminality at Work is a timely, rich and ambitious piece of scholarship that examines the many intersections between criminal law and work relations from a historical and contemporary vantage-point.




National minimum wage


Book Description

The Low Pay Commission report 2008 describes the impact of the increases in the national minimum wage in 2006 and 2007 on earnings, on the labour market, on small firms and on prices, profits, productivity, investment and business start-ups and failures. It then examines various groups of workers affected by the minimum wage. A further section looks at compliance and enforcement. The Commission then outlines the criteria considered for setting the rates. Its recommendations are: adult rate to increase from £5.52 to £5.73 an hour in October 2008; youth development rate to increase from £4.60 to £4.77 an hour and the 16-17 rate should increase from £3.40 to £3.53. Again it is recommended that 21 year olds receive the adult rate, and the Commission would welcome the Government's reasoning should it again oppose this recommendation. The Commission criticises the erosion in the quality of data provided by the Office for National Statistics. Further recommendations cover the accommodation offset, guidance on sleepovers, and fair piece rates.




Navigating a Changing World


Book Description

The negotiation of the Canada–U.S. Free Trade agreement in 1985–88 initiated a period of substantially increased North American, and later, global economic integration. However, events since the election of Donald Trump in 2016 have created the potential for major policy shifts arising from NAFTA’s renegotiation and continuing political uncertainties in the United States and with Canada’s other major trading partners. Navigating a Changing World draws together scholars from both countries to examine Canada–U.S. policy relations, the evolution of various processes for regulating market and human movements across national borders, and the specific application of these dynamics to a cross-section of policy fields with significant implications for Canadian public policy. It explores the impact of territorial institutions and extra-territorial forces – institutional, economic, and technological, among others – on interactions across national borders, both within North America and, where relevant, in broader economic relationships affecting the movement of goods, services, people, and capital. Above all, Navigating a Changing World represents the first major study to address Canada’s international policy relations within and beyond North America since the elections of Justin Trudeau in 2015 and Donald Trump in 2016 and the renegotiation of NAFTA.




Research Handbook on the Law and Politics of Migration


Book Description

As the law and politics of migration become increasingly intertwined, this thought-provoking Research Handbook addresses the challenge of analysing their growing relationship. Discussing the evolving theoretical approaches to migration, it explores the growing attention given to the legal frameworks for migration and the expansion of regulation, as migration moves to the centre of the political global agenda. The Research Handbook demonstrates that the overlap between law and politics puts the rule of law at risk in matters of migration.







United States Attorneys' Manual


Book Description