Author : ʻAlī Darwīsh
Publisher : Writescope Publishers
Page : 386 pages
File Size : 47,4 MB
Release : 2010
Category : Arabic language
ISBN : 0957751184
"This book examines the role of translation in news making, taking Arabic satellite television as its case study, and presents a framework for journalists, translators, news editors and other media workers to help them avoid the pitfalls of translation mediation."--P. [4] of cover.
Author : Brent MacGregor
Publisher : Hodder Education
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 31,66 MB
Release : 1997
Category : Performing Arts
ISBN : 9780340662250
A study of the changing face of television news, this book examines both the transmitted screen product and the newsgathering process. It is an analysis of how television reporting has changed in the age of rolling news and an examination of how TV news can affect the course of current affairs worldwide. From the fall of the Berlin wall, through the Gulf War, to the O J Simpson chase and trial, TV news is now--more than ever before--enmeshed in the events it covers. Brent MacGregor, a former producer and director, provides sharp insight into the business.
Author : Tali Sharot
Publisher : Vintage
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 27,86 MB
Release : 2011-06-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 0307379833
Psychologists have long been aware that most people maintain an irrationally positive outlook on life—but why? Turns out, we might be hardwired that way. In this absorbing exploration, Tali Sharot—one of the most innovative neuroscientists at work today—demonstrates that optimism may be crucial to human existence. The Optimism Bias explores how the brain generates hope and what happens when it fails; how the brains of optimists and pessimists differ; why we are terrible at predicting what will make us happy; how emotions strengthen our ability to recollect; how anticipation and dread affect us; how our optimistic illusions affect our financial, professional, and emotional decisions; and more. Drawing on cutting-edge science, The Optimism Bias provides us with startling new insight into the workings of the brain and the major role that optimism plays in determining how we live our lives.
Author : Felix Hamborg
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 245 pages
File Size : 29,65 MB
Release : 2023-02-24
Category : Computers
ISBN : 3031176936
This open access book presents an interdisciplinary approach to reveal biases in English news articles reporting on a given political event. The approach named person-oriented framing analysis identifies the coverage’s different perspectives on the event by assessing how articles portray the persons involved in the event. In contrast to prior automated approaches, the identified frames are more meaningful and substantially present in person-oriented news coverage. The book is structured in seven chapters: Chapter 1 presents a few of the severe problems caused by slanted news coverage and identifies the research gap that motivated the research described in this thesis. Chapter 2 discusses manual analysis concepts and exemplary studies from the social sciences and automated approaches, mostly from computer science and computational linguistics, to analyze and reveal media bias. This way, it identifies the strengths and weaknesses of current approaches for identifying and revealing media bias. Chapter 3 discusses the solution design space to address the identified research gap and introduces person-oriented framing analysis (PFA), a new approach to identify substantial frames and to reveal slanted news coverage. Chapters 4 and 5 detail target concept analysis and frame identification, the first and second component of PFA. Chapter 5 also introduces the first large-scale dataset and a novel model for target-dependent sentiment classification (TSC) in the news domain. Eventually, Chapter 6 introduces Newsalyze, a prototype system to reveal biases to non-expert news consumers by using the PFA approach. In the end, Chapter 7 summarizes the thesis and discusses the strengths and weaknesses of the thesis to derive ideas for future research on media bias. This book mainly targets researchers and graduate students from computer science, computational linguistics, political science, and further social sciences who want to get an overview of the relevant state of the art in the other related disciplines and understand and tackle the issue of bias from a more effective, interdisciplinary viewpoint.
Author : Keith E. Stanovich
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 39,81 MB
Release : 2021-08-31
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0262045753
Why we don't live in a post-truth society but rather a myside society: what science tells us about the bias that poisons our politics. In The Bias That Divides Us, psychologist Keith Stanovich argues provocatively that we don't live in a post-truth society, as has been claimed, but rather a myside society. Our problem is not that we are unable to value and respect truth and facts, but that we are unable to agree on commonly accepted truth and facts. We believe that our side knows the truth. Post-truth? That describes the other side. The inevitable result is political polarization. Stanovich shows what science can tell us about myside bias: how common it is, how to avoid it, and what purposes it serves. Stanovich explains that although myside bias is ubiquitous, it is an outlier among cognitive biases. It is unpredictable. Intelligence does not inoculate against it, and myside bias in one domain is not a good indicator of bias shown in any other domain. Stanovich argues that because of its outlier status, myside bias creates a true blind spot among the cognitive elite--those who are high in intelligence, executive functioning, or other valued psychological dispositions. They may consider themselves unbiased and purely rational in their thinking, but in fact they are just as biased as everyone else. Stanovich investigates how this bias blind spot contributes to our current ideologically polarized politics, connecting it to another recent trend: the decline of trust in university research as a disinterested arbiter.
Author : Guy Starkey
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 27,40 MB
Release : 2017-09-16
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0230208096
Guy Starkey offers a clearly structured discussion of 'balance' in the media, and the difficulties inherent in both achieving and measuring it. Providing an analysis of theoretical issues, an exploration of practical considerations and a review of methods for assessing journalistic output, it will appeal to students of journalism and media studies.
Author : Nathan Ballantyne
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 21,11 MB
Release : 2022
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0197636918
Philosophers and psychologists routinely explore questions surrounding reasoning, inquiry, and bias, though typically in disciplinary isolation. What is the source of our intellectual errors? When can we trust information others tell us? This volume brings together researchers from across the two disciplines to present ideas and insights for addressing the challenges of knowing well in a complicated world in four parts: how to best describe the conceptual and empirical terrain of reason and bias; how reasoning and bias influence basic perception of the physical world; how to assess knowledge and expertise in ourselves and others; and how people approach reasoning and knowledge among and about groups. Together, the chapters show what philosophers and psychologists can do together when they shine light on the challenges of reaching the truth and avoiding errors. Reason, Bias, and Inquiry is a multidisciplinary meditation for readers who are awash in information but are uncertain how to manage it to make informed decisions.
Author : Tim Groseclose
Publisher : Macmillan + ORM
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 31,47 MB
Release : 2011-07-19
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 1429987464
A leading political scientist provides a rigorous and revealing analysis of liberal media bias: “I’m no conservative, but I loved Left Turn” (Steven Levitt, author of Freakonomics). Dr. Tim Groseclose, a professor of political science and economics at UCLA, has spent years constructing precise, quantitative measures of the slant of media outlets. He does this by measuring the political content of news, as a way to measure the PQ, or “political quotient” of voters and politicians. Among his conclusions are: (i) all mainstream media outlets have a liberal bias; and (ii) while some supposedly conservative outlets—such the Washington Times or Fox News’ Special Report—do lean right, their conservative bias is less than the liberal bias of most mainstream outlets. Groseclose contends that the general leftward bias of the media has shifted the PQ of the average American by about 20 points, on a scale of 100, the difference between the current political views of the average American, and the political views of the average resident of Orange County, California or Salt Lake County, Utah. With Left Turn readers can easily calculate their own PQ—to decide for themselves if the bias exists. This timely, much-needed study brings fact to this often overheated debate.
Author : Jennifer L. Eberhardt, PhD
Publisher : Penguin
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 25,98 MB
Release : 2019-03-26
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0735224943
"Poignant....important and illuminating."—The New York Times Book Review "Groundbreaking."—Bryan Stevenson, New York Times bestselling author of Just Mercy From one of the world’s leading experts on unconscious racial bias come stories, science, and strategies to address one of the central controversies of our time How do we talk about bias? How do we address racial disparities and inequities? What role do our institutions play in creating, maintaining, and magnifying those inequities? What role do we play? With a perspective that is at once scientific, investigative, and informed by personal experience, Dr. Jennifer Eberhardt offers us the language and courage we need to face one of the biggest and most troubling issues of our time. She exposes racial bias at all levels of society—in our neighborhoods, schools, workplaces, and criminal justice system. Yet she also offers us tools to address it. Eberhardt shows us how we can be vulnerable to bias but not doomed to live under its grip. Racial bias is a problem that we all have a role to play in solving.
Author : Anu Gupta
Publisher : Hay House, Inc
Page : 362 pages
File Size : 40,77 MB
Release : 2024-09-17
Category : Self-Help
ISBN : 1837821127
For readers of Caste, Sapiens, and The Dawn of Everything, a page-turning deep-dive into how bias is learned—plus a strikingly original and highly effective set of tools to un-learn it. Imagine a world without bias. A world where all human beings can truly be just as they are and unleash their full potential. Take a moment to imagine how you feel in such a world—not what you think about it, or whether you believe it's possible, but how you feel. This is the proposition that opens Breaking Bias. It’s your invitation to embark on a journey that will radically change your experience and show you how you, in turn, can help reshape our world. Drawing on two decades of original research and experience training thousands of students, Anu Gupta, a lawyer, scientist, and educator whose work focuses on diversity, equity, inclusion, and belonging, has written a comprehensive and compellingly readable guide for anyone who wants to understand and unlearn conscious and unconscious biases. Whether you're a teacher or student, engineer or creative, parent or grandparent, this book will train you to become more aware of and transform bias in your daily life and within you—especially beliefs and perceptions you may hold about yourself and others. Blending ancient Buddhist wisdom with modern scientific evidence, Anu takes us on a deep-time journey to explore human identities and identity-based biases and to recognize that breaking bias is the key to unlocking multiple crises in our world—from racism, sexism, classism, and other -isms to burnout, loneliness, and climate change. Then he offers his signature PRISM toolkit—a science-backed, somatically informed set of contemplative tools—to help us dismantle learned bias within ourselves and in the world around us, moment by moment, with probing questions and writing prompts throughout the book that invite us to put these tools to use right from the start. Breaking Bias is one of the few books that go beyond examining the history of bias to offer actual training in how to reduce bias, and it’s the only one written by an author with Anu's unique intersectional identities: a gay brown immigrant with Buddhist, Christian, and Hindu roots who is also an American lawyer and scholar of bias with lived experiences that span the globe. This is a book with the potential to transform the way we think and the way we live.
