Loess and Loess Geohazards in China


Book Description

Loess is a product of aeolian deposition during the Quaternary glaciation cycles and covers approximately 6% of the Earth’s land. The Loess Plateau of China, which is home to a population of nearly three hundred million, has the thickest and most complete loess strata, where loess geohazards occur most frequently due to the weak geoenvironment and dense human activities. In recent years, the engineering geological characteristics of loess and geohazards in loess areas have gradually received increasing attention from academic researchers. This book reviews an informative collection of up-to-date literature in this field. It presents the unique features of loess and loess geohazards, and provides a strong foundation for future study via eight systematically structured chapters, e.g., origin and spatial distribution, loess landforms, microstructure, physical properties, permeability, shear strength, tensile strength, and loess geohazard. It can serve as a principal reference for researchers, practical engineers and technicians who are engaged in loess geology and surface processes, and is suitable especially for undergraduate and postgraduate students in the field of loess engineering geology.







Recent Advances in Geo-Environmental Engineering, Geomechanics and Geotechnics, and Geohazards


Book Description

This edited volume contains the best papers in the geo-engineering field accepted for presentation at the 1st Springer Conference of the Arabian Journal of Geosciences, Tunisia 2018. In addition, it includes 3 keynotes by international experts on the following topics: 1. A new three-dimensional rock mass strength criterion 2. New tools and techniques of remote sensing for geologic hazard assessment 3. Land subsidence induced by the engineering-environmental effects in Shanghai China The book is useful for readers who would like to get a broad coverage in geo-engineering. It contains 11 chapters covering the following main areas: (a) Applications in geo-environmental engineering including soil remediation, (b) Characterization of geo-materials using geological, geotechnical and geophysical techniques, (c) Soil improvement applications, (d) Soil behaviour under dynamic loading, (e) Recent studies on expansive soils, (f) Analytical and numerical modelling of various geo-structures, (g) Slope stability, (h) Landslides, (i) Subsidence studies and (j) Recent studies on various other types of geo-hazards.







Experimental Erosion


Book Description

This book is the first to systematically explore experimental erosion by integrating theory, erosion observations, and conservation applications. Although numerous books have been published on soil erosion both in English and in Chinese, none has concentrated on experimental studies on the Loess Plateau of China, in an attempt to establish a new sub-discipline: experimental erosion. One main objective of this book is to highlight monitoring and modeling methods for soil scientists who design and conduct experimental studies on soil loss. Another objective, and the most important one, is to make the results of these experiments more generally available. Accordingly, we have gathered and integrated a broad range of experimental results, both published and unpublished. In-depth discussions of the experimental data and new data processing methods are also included. The work covered here represents exemplary studies in the field of soil erosion and conservation, while the new methods and findings presented will provide practical guidance for controlling soil erosion. Hence the book offers a valuable resource for graduate students, soil erosion scientists and engineers, and soil and water conservationists.




Hazard Hydrogeology


Book Description

This book addresses geohazards by establishing their unique hydrogeological conceptual site models. Geohazards occur in many forms and scales either naturally or induced by human's activities. Many geohazards such as earth fissure, ground collapse and subsidence, mine water inrush, and groundwater contamination are closely related to hydrogeological conditions and their dynamics. Water, either surface water or groundwater, acts as a resource and an enabling agent that elevates geohazard risks in areas that are inherently vulnerable. The book presents case studies to describe identification and investigation methods, monitoring and early-warning techniques, modeling approaches, and engineering measures to prevent, control, and mitigate these geohazards. It targets students, researchers, practitioners, and decision makers who are engaged in water resource management, project planning, and geohazard control and management.




Resilient Design and Construction of Geostructures Against Natural Hazards


Book Description

This volume contains state of the engineering practice and recent research in the field of built infrastructure and natural hazards. It is expected that the book will help engineers and researchers to design and built resilient infrastructures in challenging conditions (e.g., earthquakes and climate change) while optimising the design and minimising the future maintenance cost. In particular new design and construction techniques with reference to major infrastructure projects such as tunneling and transport infrastructure are discussed.




Landslides in the Thick Loess Terrain of North-West China


Book Description

A lavishly illustrated study of landslides and debris flows on theLoess Plateau of north-central China where dense rural populationand human activity has greatly increased landslide hazard. The Loess Plateau lies in the middle reaches of the Yellow Riverand there are a number of cities housing more than a millionpeople. Landslides are triggered by heavy rainstorms andearthquakes have been a recurrent hazard in the loess terrain forover two millennia. The contributors to this book set out with a number of goalsincluding: * establishing the role of bedrock relief in landsliding * studying the nature of the hydrological system within the loessslopes * characterising the modes of failure of the loess fabric * producing a dynamically-based classification of loesslandslides * 'ultimately' establishing criteria for a simple warning systemfor loess slope failure, together with an advisory scheme for localpopulation response to landslide warnings. This book includes over forty colour maps unique in their contentand coverage, showing for the first time the detailed distributionof landslides in the thick loess terrain of eastern Gansu Province,North China.




Geological Hazards in the UK


Book Description

The UK is perhaps unique globally in that it presents the full spectrum of geological time, stratigraphy and associated lithologies within its boundaries. With this wide range of geological assemblages comes a wide range of geological hazards, whether they be geophysical (earthquakes, effects of volcanic eruptions, tsunami, landslides), geotechnical (collapsible, compressible, liquefiable, shearing, swelling and shrinking soils), geochemical (dissolution, radon and methane gas hazards) or georesource related (coal, chalk and other mineral extraction). An awareness of these hazards and the risks that they pose is a key requirement of the engineering geologist. The Geological Society considered that a Working Party Report would help to put the study and assessment of geohazards into the wider social context, helping the engineering geologist to better communicate the issues concerning geohazards in the UK to the client and the public. This volume sets out to define and explain these geohazards, to detail their detection, monitoring and management and to provide a basis for further research and understanding.