Macroeconomic Policies and the Balance of Payments in Pakistan


Book Description

This paper describes developments in the balance of payments of Pakistan during 1972-86, focusing particularly on the factors that gave rise to external payments problems and the macroeconomics policies that were adopted by the authorities. While performance on the growth and inflation fronts compares favorably with other developing countries, the balance of payments remained persistently weak. A combination of favorable external shocks, such as the large increase in workers’ remittances and sizable foreign aid inflows, allowed the economy some breathing room, but ultimately did not reduce the need for comprehensive fiscal and trade reforms to ensure medium-term viability of the balance of payments.




Macroeconomic Policies and the Balance of Payments in Pakistan


Book Description

This paper describes developments in the balance of payments of Pakistan during 1972-86, focusing particularly on the factors that gave rise to external payments problems and the macroeconomics policies that were adopted by the authorities. While performance on the growth and inflation fronts compares favorably with other developing countries, the balance of payments remained persistently weak. A combination of favorable external shocks, such as the large increase in workers` remittances and sizable foreign aid inflows, allowed the economy some breathing room, but ultimately did not reduce the need for comprehensive fiscal and trade reforms to ensure medium-term viability of the balance of payments.







Economic Growth and the Balance-of-Payments Constraint


Book Description

'... a well written book ... covering ... a vast amount of material ... well balanced between the theoretical and applied works. The authors are judicious and fair in providing a balanced treatment of the two alternative theories of growth performance: supply-oriented and demand-oriented. The book will serve as a guideline to researchers and policymakers ... as a textbook for upperdivision undergraduate and graduate courses.'- Kashi Nath Tiwari, Kennesaw State College This is the first book of its kind to argue in a consistent and comprehensive way the idea that a country's growth performance cannot be properly understood without reference to the performance of its tradeable goods sector and the strength of its balance of payments. It puts forward a demand orientated theory of why growth rates differ between countries where the major constraint on demand is the balance of payments. The book is critical of neoclassical growth analysis and provides an alternative theory of growth performance to the supply orientated approach of neoclassical theory. There are theoretical chapters comparing and contrasting neoclassical growth analysis with the new demand orientated approach, and empirical sections which apply the new model to regions and countries, including two case studies of the UK and Australia.




Macroeconomic Management: Monetary and Fiscal Policy of Pakistan


Book Description

This book has empirically investigated the impacts of Pakistan's demand management policies on foreign sector. The transmission mechanism between monetary policy and aggregate demand has been analyzed by using the monetary approach, which depicts that disequilibrium in the balance of payments is the result of domestic money market imbalance. Pakistan is the 27th largest economy of the world in terms of purchasing power parity. During 1970s and 1990s, economic performance of Pakistan remained poor due to nationalization of various sectors and macroeconomic mismanagement. Pakistan's economy became one of the four fastest growing economies in the South Asia during 2000-2007, which was the result of effective strategies of the monetary authorities. Presently, the economy is suffering due to poor law and order situation and nation's involvement in the War on Terrorism. The findings of the study are: government budget deficit has significant impact on money supply and increase in money supply has deteriorated the balance of payments proportionally during the period of 1965-99. These empirical findings have equal importance for academicians as well as economic managers of the country.




Pakistan


Book Description

Pakistan showed great achievements under the program supported by the Stand-By Arrangement. Executive Directors stressed the need to implement strong fiscal, monetary, and exchange rate policies, and accelerate structural reforms. They emphasized the need for enhancing governance, rationalization of energy prices, broadening of tax base, strengthening of tax administration, and improving the financial position of public enterprises and banks. Directors agreed that the country has completed the first review under the Stand-By Arrangement, and approved a waiver.




Pakistan's Balance of Payments


Book Description




Pakistan


Book Description

Pakistan’s economy is at a critical juncture. Misaligned economic policies, including large fiscal deficits, loose monetary policy, and defense of an overvalued exchange rate, fueled consumption and short-term growth in recent years, but steadily eroded macroeconomic buffers, increased external and public debt, and depleted international reserves. Structural weaknesses remained largely unaddressed, including a chronically weak tax administration, a difficult business environment, inefficient and loss making SOEs, and low labor productivity amid a large informal economy. Without urgent policy action, economic and financial stability could be at risk, and growth prospects will be insufficient to meet the needs of a rapidly growing population.




Pakistan


Book Description

Pakistan’s authorities have requested a 23-month Stand-By Arrangement for SDR 5.169 billion in support of their macroeconomic stabilization program. The authorities’ program envisages a tightening of fiscal and monetary policies to bring down inflation and reduce the external current account deficit to more sustainable levels. The pace of adjustment seeks to balance the need to address the current macroeconomic imbalances with protecting social stability. The program envisages important reforms in tax policy and administration and public financial management.




Pakistan's Economy at the Crossroads


Book Description

This book, by the former chief of the World Bank Mission in Central Asia, presents an assessment of Pakistan's economic record and performance over the last fifty years. Hasan examines the role of politics and economic policies in explaining Pakistan's development experience and highlights the sources of present economic difficulties. A unique feature of the book is that the analysis of the period prior to separation presents trends for East and West Pakistan separately and focuses on inter-regional economic issues that became so divisive in the final years of united Pakistan. Drawing on these past lessons, the book also presents an agenda for policy and institutional reform for the future.