Minnesota and the Manifest Destiny of the Canadian Northwest


Book Description

From the Lake of the Woods to the Rocky Mountains, only a line separates Canada from the United States—the mute evidence of each nation's manifest destiny. As a boundary, the 49th parallel is entirely manmade and will never really divide the Northern Great Plains, for it is a region at once geographically and historically united. Certainly from 1821 to 1869-70, the years limiting this study, a unity was most evident; the history of the British Northwest was inextricably bound up with that of the American Northwest. Professor Gluek gives here a detailed and engrossing account of the complex relationship that developed between St. Paul and the Red River Settlement from 1821 to 1870. During this time, despite attempts by the Hudson's Bay Company to discourage free trade, the Red River Valley became the bridge upon which a broad economy was built. The economic bond was strengthened by the 1850's when Minnesota's transportation system to the outside world became so efficient that even the Company began to use it. Minnesotan dreams of engrossing all the commerce of the Northwest, and perhaps gaining Manitoba by default, were frustrated by the failure to renew the Reciprocity Treaty of 1854 and Canada's efforts to obtain Rupert's Land. Minnesota became militantly expansionist, but, despite her pleas in the late 1850's and 1860's for active United States intervention, little was really done. With distinctly superior diplomatic skills, Canada's first Prime Minister, Sir John A. Macdonald, bested his American adversaries, won the Northwest for his young country, and assured it of transcontinental greatness. All of those who are interested in Canadian and American history—both the professional historian and everyone who is fascinated by the romance of the West—will enjoy this lively, well-written record of the people and the events of an important period in Canadian-American relations.




Minnesota's Boundary with Canada


Book Description

Lass's book will be the standard work on the Lake Superior to Red River boundary, but it reaches beyond those limits defined in the title. In order to make any sense out of the border, Lass has gone a long way towards writing a good general survey of Canadian-American boundary issues. The book is based on an extensive use of published and manuscript materials, and it is well illustrated with photographs and maps, including reproductions of important historic maps."--Www.mhs.ca/docs/mb_history/04/boundarycommission.shtml.







Policing the Great Plains


Book Description

In the late nineteenth century, the Texas Rangers and Canada?s North-West Mounted Police were formed to bring the resource-rich hinterlands at either end of the Great Plains under governmental control. Native and rural peoples often found themselves squarely in the path of this westward expansion and the law enforcement agents that led the way. Though separated by nearly two thousand miles, the Rangers and Mounties performed nearly identical functions, including subjugating Indigenous groups; dispossessing peoples of mixed ancestry; defending the property of big cattlemen; and policing industrial disputes. Yet the means by which the two forces achieved these ends sharply diverged;øwhile the Rangers often relied on violence, the Mounties usually exercised restraint, a fact that highlights some of the fundamental differences between the U.S. and Canadian Wests. Policing the Great Plains presents the first comparative history of the two most famous constabularies in the world.




The Life And Times of the Steamboat Red Cloud


Book Description

In July 1882, the steamboat Red Cloud hit a snag near Fort Peck, Montana, and settled into the bed of the Missouri River with a full cargo. The flagship of I. G. Baker & Company, which controlled much of the trade that flowed to Fort Benton and the upper reaches of the Missouri River, the Red Cloud had served as an agent of change in the West through which it traveled. Through the story of the boat and its owner, Annalies Corbin casts new light on the role of entrepreneurs and steamboats in the development of the West. The Red Cloud was a symbol--and a source--of the trading company's success. Bought for $25,000 in 1877, it was one of three boats that I. G. Baker employed on the Missouri. A stern-wheeled, wooden-hulled packet boat, the Red Cloud carried both cargo and passengers on a "floating palace." But for all its success, when the ship sank only five years later, the transcontinental railroad was already displacing the steamboat as the preferred way to transport both people and cargo. The era of transformation symbolized by the Red Cloud was drawing to a close. The first book to view the development of the Canadian Rockies from a maritime perspective, The Life and Times of the Steamboat Red Cloud ties the Missouri River's commercial development with the opening of the Canadian west and its most important communities, with the formation of the Canadian North-West Mounted Police and with the river by which they were supplied. Readers interested in western history, maritime history, and nautical archaeology will find this well-researched and engagingly written book an invaluable addition to their libraries.




The Honourable John Norquay


Book Description

The life and times of the Premier from Red River John Norquay, orphan and prodigy, was a leader among the Scots Cree peoples of western Canada. Born in the Red River Settlement, he farmed, hunted, traded, and taught school before becoming a legislator, cabinet minister, and, from 1878 to 1887, premier of Manitoba. Once described as Louis Riel’s alter ego, he skirmished with prime minister John A. Macdonald, clashed with railway baron George Stephen, and endured racist taunts while championing the interests of the Prairie West in battles with investment bankers, Ottawa politicians, and the CPR. His contributions to the development of Canada’s federal system and his dealings with issues of race and racism deserve attention today. Recounted here by Canadian historian Gerald Friesen, Norquay’s life story ignites contemporary conversations around the nature of empire and Canada’s own imperial past. Drawing extensively on recently opened letters and financial papers that offer new insights into his business, family, and political life, Friesen reveals Norquay to be a thoughtful statesman and generous patriarch. This masterful biography of the Premier from Red River sheds welcome light on a neglected historical figure and a tumultuous time for Canada and Manitoba.




Nation Maker


Book Description

#1 NATIONAL BESTSELLER John A. Macdonald, Canada's first and most important prime minister, is the man who made Confederation happen, who built this country over the next quarter century, and who shaped what it is today. From Confederation Day in 1867, where this volume picks up, Macdonald finessed a reluctant union of four provinces in central and eastern Canada into a strong nation, despite indifference from Britain and annexationist sentiment in the United States. But it wasn't easy. Gwyn paints a superb portrait of Canada and its leaders through these formative years and also delves deep to show us Macdonald the man, as he marries for the second time, deals with the birth of a disabled child, and the assassination of his close friend Darcy McGee, and wrestles with whether Riel should hang. Indelibly, Gwyn shows us Macdonald's love of this country and his ability to joust with forces who would have been just as happy to see the end of Canada before it had really begun, creating a must-read for all Canadians.




Transboundary Protected Areas


Book Description

Top researchers share their expertise on conservation and sustainability in areas that extend across national borders! This informative and insightful book examines strategies being used by governments and NGOs to protect wild areas that cross national borders and cultural, linguistic, and socioeconomic boundaries. In addition to presenting case studies from five continents, Transboundary Protected Areas: The Viability of Regional Conservation Strategies provides several theoretical overviews that suggest viable approaches to conserving biodiversity in these difficult-to-protect areas. From the editors: “Historically, the borders of protected areas have been defined by convenient social, political, or proprietary boundaries rather than by ecological boundaries. Today, many scientists and practitioners are in agreement that the world's biodiversity and other natural resources can best be conserved on an ecosystem or regional scale, which may or may not be consistent with political boundaries. Efforts to protect land on an ecosystem scale have led to the creation of numerous transboundary protected areas, also referred to as international peace parks or transfrontier conservation areas. These areas, which often cross linguistic, socioeconomic, and cultural boundaries as well as national borders, represent regional conservation at its most complex. While many scientists and practitioners promote eco-regional approaches to conservation, many also advocate pursuing conservation goals on local or community scales. Conservationists therefore endeavor to achieve a seemingly incongruous mandate: to pursue top-down (regional) goals using bottom-up (local) approaches.” Transboundary Protected Areas: The Viability of Regional Conservation Strategies addresses the vital questions associated with this mandate: Is it reasonable and realistic to approach regional conservation this way? What strategies have been employed to achieve these goals—and how successful have they been? Who benefits from transboundary conservation—and what are the costs? Reflecting the information delivered at the 2001 conference of the Yale chapter of the International Society of Tropical Foresters (ISTF), this book provides you with the best answers available at this time. The contributors include social and natural scientists, resource managers, policymakers, and community leaders. Transboundary Protected Areas: The Viability of Regional Conservation Strategies brings them together for an interdisciplinary exploration of these questions and other critical issues related to conservation in and around transboundary protected areas. Specific cases that are thoughtfully examined in Transboundary Protected Areas: The Viability of Regional Conservation Strategies include: the public reaction to the Yellowstone to Yukon (Y2Y) Conservation Initiative the ways in which the establishment of southern Africa's existing and proposed Transfrontier Conservation Areas (TFCAs) can help conserve biodiversity, aid socioeconomic development, and promote international peace development and conservation efforts in the Maloti-Drakensberg mountains of southern Africa, which straddle the borderlands between South Africa and Lesotho the cultural aspects of protected area management in Venezuela and Guyana the impact of transfrontier collaboration as evidenced by the International Gorilla Conservation Programme (IGCP) in the Virunga-Bwindi region of Africa (Uganda, Rwanda, and the Democratic Republic of Congo) how the Nepalese have addressed the problems of poaching, commercial logging, illegal harvesting and smuggling of forest products, and illegal trade of wildlife and wildlife products in the eastern Himalayas by implementing a transboundary biodiversity conservation initiative Helpful maps, tables, and figures make geographical regions and conservation information easy to assimilate.




Safeguarding Canada 1763-1871


Book Description

Canadian defence policy has been largely neglected by historians except as a problem related to constitutional and political development. Dr. Hitsman repairs this neglect in his study of the military aspects of the defence of Canada, from the British Conquest to the withdrawal of the British garrison. His investigation demolishes a number of myths which have sprung up in this era of Canadian history. For example, in his examination of the military arrangements of the British in Canada Dr. Hitsman points out that, contrary to established belief, Guy Carleton, the last officer of the British Army to hold the appointment of Commander-in-Chief in North America, did more than just muddle through when Americans invaded Canada in 1775. This and many other misconceptions are corrected in this lucid study. After a brief introductory section on the problems of defence and attack during the period of the Conquest, there follows a coherent and intelligent account of the military aspects of Canadian defence after 1760: the geographical factors in strategy, the degree of potential danger, the men and resources available, and the policies pursued by the British government and its agents in Canada. The attitudes and behaviour of both English-speaking and French Canadians are also examined in their relationship to British rule. This book presents the facts about Canadian defence policy from original sources. Basing his study on Admiralty, Colonial and War Office papers, Dr. Hitsman reveals a remarkable ability for finding the appropriate document to illustrate each stage in the development in defence planning. His personal knowledge of army organization and his ability to make his way easily through military reports help to make this study an important contribution to Canadian history and scholarship.




The Making of the Mosaic


Book Description

`A coherent and lively tale that traces in considerable detail the evolution of Canadian immigration policy.' Christopher G. Anderson, Journal of Canadian Studies `A thorough account of Canada's immigration policies ... Any reader interested in immigration to Canada now has a one-stop source for its history.' Douglas Fisher, Ottawa Sun `A closely textured, well-conceived narrative ... an ambitious work that is tremendously reader-friendly.' Barbara Lorenzkowski, Social History `Masterful and meticulously documented.' J.D. Blackwell, Choice `A rich resource for scholars of Canadian immigration.' John Harles, Canadian Journal of Political Science