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Modular Evolution

Author : Lucio Vinicius

Publisher : Cambridge University Press

Page : 249 pages

File Size : 34,8 MB

Release : 2010-07-15

Category : Social Science

ISBN : 1139488481

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Book Description

Natural selection is more than the survival of the fittest: it is a force engendering higher biological complexity. Presenting a new explanation for the tendency of life to become more complex through evolution, this book offers an introduction to the key debates in evolutionary theory, including the role of genes and sex in evolution, the adaptive reasons for senescence and death and the origin of neural information. The author argues that biological complexity increased through the process of 'modularity transfer': modular phenotypes (proteins, somatic cells, learned behaviours) evolved into new modular information carriers (regulatory proteins, neural cells, words), giving rise to new information systems and higher levels of biological organisation. Modular Evolution makes sense of the unique place of humans in evolution, both as the pinnacle of biological complexity and inventors of non-biological evolution.



Modularity in Development and Evolution

Author : Gerhard Schlosser

Publisher : University of Chicago Press

Page : 610 pages

File Size : 31,84 MB

Release : 2004-07

Category : Science

ISBN : 0226738558

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Book Description

Modularity in Development and Evolution offers the first sustained exploration of modules from developmental and evolutionary perspectives. Contributors discuss what modularity is, how it can be identified and modeled, how it originated and evolved, and its biological significance. Covering modules at levels ranging from genes to colonies, the book focuses on their roles not just in structures but also in processes such as gene regulation. Among many exciting findings, the contributors demonstrate how modules can highlight key constraints on evolutionary processes. A timely synthesis of a crucial topic, Modularity in Development and Evolution shows the invaluable insights modules can give into both developmental complexities and their evolutionary origins.



Modularity in Development and Evolution

Author : Gerhard Schlosser

Publisher : University of Chicago Press

Page : 614 pages

File Size : 29,61 MB

Release : 2004-07

Category : Science

ISBN : 9780226738536

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Book Description

Modularity in Development and Evolution offers the first sustained exploration of modules from developmental and evolutionary perspectives. Contributors discuss what modularity is, how it can be identified and modeled, how it originated and evolved, and its biological significance. Covering modules at levels ranging from genes to colonies, the book focuses on their roles not just in structures but also in processes such as gene regulation. Among many exciting findings, the contributors demonstrate how modules can highlight key constraints on evolutionary processes. A timely synthesis of a crucial topic, Modularity in Development and Evolution shows the invaluable insights modules can give into both developmental complexities and their evolutionary origins.



Evolution in Minutes

Author : Darren Naish

Publisher : Quercus

Page : 416 pages

File Size : 24,2 MB

Release : 2017-11-07

Category : Science

ISBN : 1681440644

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Book Description

Evolution in Minutes is your compact and accessible guide to the central concepts of the science of evolution, revealing how biological populations change over successive generations. Covering the basics of speciation, genesis, and extinction in animals, plants, and humans alike--from the origins and development of life to artificial selection and evolutionary algorithms--this is the fastest, fullest path to understanding evolution. Contents include fossils, microbes, genes, DNA, natural selection, Darwinism, genetic drift, mutation, gene migration, heredity, adaptation, and variation, as well as key biological concepts necessary to understand the fascinating field of evolution.



Artificial Evolution

Author : Jin-Kao Hao

Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media

Page : 372 pages

File Size : 14,21 MB

Release : 1998-02-18

Category : Computers

ISBN : 9783540641698

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Book Description

The volume presents a survey of the state-of-the-art in artificial evolution, covering theoretical issues, methodologies, and applications in various areas, including genetic-algorithm operators and evolvable hardware and robotics.



Information Systems

Author : Marinos Themistocleous

Publisher : Springer

Page : 687 pages

File Size : 28,84 MB

Release : 2017-08-14

Category : Computers

ISBN : 3319659308

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Book Description

This book constitutes selected papers from the 14th European, Mediterranean, and Middle Eastern Conference, EMCIS 2017, held in Coimbra, Portugal, in September 2017. EMCIS is focusing on approaches that facilitate the identification of innovative research of significant relevance to the IS discipline following sound research methodologies that lead to results of measurable impact. The 37 full and 16 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 106 submissions. They are organized in sections on big data and Semantic Web; digital services, social media and digital collaboration; e-government; healthcare information systems; information systems security and information privacy protection; IT governance; and management and organizational issues in information systems.



Modularity

Author : Werner Callebaut

Publisher : MIT Press

Page : 480 pages

File Size : 49,56 MB

Release : 2005

Category : Computers

ISBN : 9780262033268

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Book Description

Modularity—the attempt to understand systems as integrations of partially independent and interacting units—is today a dominant theme in the life sciences, cognitive science, and computer science. The concept goes back at least implicitly to the Scientific (or Copernican) Revolution, and can be found behind later theories of phrenology, physiology, and genetics; moreover, art, engineering, and mathematics rely on modular design principles. This collection broadens the scientific discussion of modularity by bringing together experts from a variety of disciplines, including artificial life, cognitive science, economics, evolutionary computation, developmental and evolutionary biology, linguistics, mathematics, morphology, paleontology, physics, theoretical chemistry, philosophy, and the arts. The contributors debate and compare the uses of modularity, discussing the different disciplinary contexts of "modular thinking" in general (including hierarchical organization, near-decomposability, quasi-independence, and recursion) or of more specialized concepts (including character complex, gene family, encapsulation, and mosaic evolution); what modules are, why and how they develop and evolve, and the implication for the research agenda in the disciplines involved; and how to bring about useful cross-disciplinary knowledge transfer on the topic. The book includes a foreword by the late Herbert A. Simon addressing the role of near-decomposability in understanding complex systems. Contributors: Lee Altenberg, Lauren W. Ancel-Meyers, Carl Anderson, Robert B. Brandon, Angela D. Buscalioni, Raffaele Calabretta, Werner Callebaut, Anne De Joan, Rafael Delgado-Buscalioni, Gunther J. Eble, Walter Fontana, Fernand Gobet, Alicia de la Iglesia, Slavik V. Jablan, Luigi Marengo, Daniel W. McShea, Jason Mezey, D. Kimbrough Oller, Domenico Parisi, Corrado Pasquali, Diego Rasskin-Gutman, Gerhard Schlosser, Herbert A. Simon, Roger D. K. Thomas, Marco Valente, Boris M. Velichkovsky, Gunter P. Wagner, Rasmus G. Winter Vienna Series in Theoretical Biology



Why Everyone (Else) Is a Hypocrite

Author : Robert Kurzban

Publisher : Princeton University Press

Page : 288 pages

File Size : 47,5 MB

Release : 2012-05-27

Category : Psychology

ISBN : 0691154392

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Book Description

The evolutionary psychology behind human inconsistency We're all hypocrites. Why? Hypocrisy is the natural state of the human mind. Robert Kurzban shows us that the key to understanding our behavioral inconsistencies lies in understanding the mind's design. The human mind consists of many specialized units designed by the process of evolution by natural selection. While these modules sometimes work together seamlessly, they don't always, resulting in impossibly contradictory beliefs, vacillations between patience and impulsiveness, violations of our supposed moral principles, and overinflated views of ourselves. This modular, evolutionary psychological view of the mind undermines deeply held intuitions about ourselves, as well as a range of scientific theories that require a "self" with consistent beliefs and preferences. Modularity suggests that there is no "I." Instead, each of us is a contentious "we"--a collection of discrete but interacting systems whose constant conflicts shape our interactions with one another and our experience of the world. In clear language, full of wit and rich in examples, Kurzban explains the roots and implications of our inconsistent minds, and why it is perfectly natural to believe that everyone else is a hypocrite.



Protein Evolution

Author : Laszlo Patthy

Publisher : John Wiley & Sons

Page : 392 pages

File Size : 41,35 MB

Release : 2009-03-12

Category : Science

ISBN : 1444308882

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Book Description

This book provides an up-to-date summary of the principles of protein evolution and discusses both the methods available to analyze the evolutionary history of proteins as well as those for predicting their structure-function relationships. Includes a significantly expanded chapter on genome evolution to cover genomes of model organisms sequenced since the completion of the first edition, and organelle genome evolution Retains its reader-friendly, accessible style and organization Contains an updated glossary and new references, including a list of online reference sites



Modular System Design and Evaluation

Author : Mark Sh. Levin

Publisher : Springer

Page : 485 pages

File Size : 10,31 MB

Release : 2014-09-06

Category : Technology & Engineering

ISBN : 3319098764

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Book Description

This book examines seven key combinatorial engineering frameworks (composite schemes consisting of algorithms and/or interactive procedures) for hierarchical modular (composite) systems. These frameworks are based on combinatorial optimization problems (e.g., knapsack problem, multiple choice problem, assignment problem, morphological clique problem), with the author’s version of morphological design approach – Hierarchical Morphological Multicritieria Design (HMMD) – providing a conceptual lens with which to elucidate the examples discussed. This approach is based on ordinal estimates of design alternatives for systems parts/components, however, the book also puts forward an original version of HMMD that is based on new interval multiset estimates for the design alternatives with special attention paid to the aggregation of modular solutions (system versions). The second part of ‘Modular System Design and Evaluation’ provides ten information technology case studies that enriches understanding of the design of system design, detection of system bottlenecks and system improvement, amongst others. The book is intended for researchers and scientists, students, and practitioners in many domains of information technology and engineering. The book is also designed to be used as a text for courses in system design, systems engineering and life cycle engineering at the level of undergraduate level, graduate/PhD levels, and for continuing education. The material and methods contained in this book were used over four years in Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University) in the author’s faculty course “System Design”.