Natural Ventilation Test of an Above-ground Shelter in Bozeman, Montana


Book Description

An eight-day simulation occupancy test was performed on a second floor 255-occupant fallout shelter, using only natural forces to supply ventilation air. The purpose of the test was to collect data necessary to develop a procedure to predict the natural ventilation rates that will result in above-ground fallout shelters. Moderate prevailing winds provided the primary air moving force; thermal effects were secondary. Even during periods of calm winds, considerable air flow was measured through the shelter (a minimum of 16 cfm per occupant). This test provided further validity to the supposition that natural ventilation is adequate for most above-ground shelters with windows. In general, correlation was not obtained between measured ventilation rates and those computed from methods presented in the literature. Future natural ventilation tests will use more accurate instrumentation.










Natural Ventilation for Fallout Shelters


Book Description

Two identical eight-story dormitory buildings on the campus of The Pennsylvania State University were used for investigating natural ventilation effects. Equipment for measuring air change rates, consisting of an electronegative gas detector, a system of plastic pipe, a collection and valve control device, and necessary recording instruments, was used to gather data. Results are reported on ventilation of a closed, unoccupied building, and on ventilation of shelters in the basement and on the fifth floor with simulated occupants. Using a tracer gas technique, a series of tests were run to determine the rates of natural and forced ventilation in upper story shelter spaces. Evaluation of portable package ventilation units used in the tests is included and problems which were encountered are reported upon. (Author).







Natural Ventilation Test of an Aboveground Fallout Shelter in Evanston, Illinois


Book Description

Below wind speeds of 3 mph, the total ventilation rate remained relatively constant to 6 to 8 cfm/man. For the ambient conditions that prevailed throughout the testing period, natural ventilation alone was adequate to limit the effective temperature to 85 deg. F. ET without utilizing all possible inlet-outlet openings available.




Natural Ventilation Test of a Basement Fallout Shelter in East Chicago, Indiana


Book Description

The punkah proved to be an effective air moving device when it was placed so that it complemented the effect of any thermal force that was present. The Package Ventilation Kit also proved to be an effective means for moving air through a shelter that had no windows and utilized existing doorways as ventilation openings. During the natural ventilation test the effective temperature of the ambient air and shelter air never went above 85DGF ET. Usually the average shelter ET was about 5DGF above the average ambient ET for the same period. The ventilation rate ranged from 10 cfm/person to 26.5 cfm/person indicating that natural ventilation may be adequate for most aboveground fallout shelters with windows.