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Nineteenth Interim Report of the Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels

Author : Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 218 pages

File Size : 22,13 MB

Release : 2011-01-27

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0309187621

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Book Description

The present report is the committee's 19th interim report. It summarizes the committee's conclusions and recommendations for improving NAC's AEGL documents for the following chemicals and chemical classes: acrylonitrile, benzonitrile, boron tribromide, BZ (3-quinuclidinyl benzilate), chloroarsenicals, chloroformates, bis-chloromethylether, chloromethylether, chlorosilanes (26 selected compounds), cyanogen, ethyl mercaptan, hexafluoroacetone, lewisites, mercury vapor, nitric acid, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen tetroxide, oleum, phenyl mercaptan, propargyl alcohol, selenium hexafluoride, silane, sulfer trioxide, sulfuric acid, tear gas, tert-octyl mercaptan, tetramethoxy silane, thionyl chloride, trimethoxysilane, trimethylbenzenes (1,2,4-; 1,2,5-;and 1,3,5-TMB), and vinyl chloride.



Twenty-first Interim Report of the Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels

Author : National Research Council

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 37 pages

File Size : 35,74 MB

Release : 2012-01-01

Category : Nature

ISBN : 0309263859

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Book Description

Extremely hazardous substances (EHSs) can be released accidentally as a result of chemical spills, industrial explosions, fire, or accidents involving railroad cars or trucks transporting EHSs, or they can be released intentionally through terrorist activities. These substances can also be released by improper storage or handling. Workers and residents in communities surrounding industrial facilities where EHSs are manufactured, used, or stored and in communities along the nation's railways and highways are potentially at risk of being exposed to airborne EHSs during accidental or intentional releases. As part of its efforts to develop acute exposure guideline levels for EHSs, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) in 1991 requested that the National Research Council (NRC) develop guidelines for establishing such levels. In response to that request, the NRC published Guidelines for Developing Community Emergency Exposure Levels for Hazardous Substances in 1993. Subsequently, Standing Operating Procedures for Developing Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances was published in 2001. It provided updated procedures, methods, and other guidelines used by the National Advisory Committee (NAC) on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) in considering acute adverse health effects to develop AEGL values. Using both these reports, the NAC-consisting of members from the EPA, the Department of Defense (DOD), the Department of Energy (DOE), the Department of Transportation (DOT), other federal and state governments, the chemical industry, academia, and other organizations from the private sector-developed AEGLS for approximately 270 EHSs. Twenty-First Interim Report of the Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels: Part A summarizes the committee's conclusions and recommendations for improving AEGL documents for several chemicals and chemical classes.



Twenty-second Interim Report of the Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels

Author : National Research Council

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 57 pages

File Size : 41,95 MB

Release : 2013-08-05

Category : Nature

ISBN : 0309290600

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Book Description

In 1991, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) asked the National Research Council (NRC) to provide technical guidance for establishing community emergency exposure levels for extremely hazardous substances (EHSs) pursuant to the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986. As a result the NRC published Guidelines for Developing Community Emergency Exposure Levels for Hazardous Substances in 1993 and Standing Operating Procedures for Developing Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances in 2001; providing updated procedures, methods, and other guidelines used by the National Advisory Committee (NAC) on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for hazardous substances for assessing acute adverse health effects. Stemming from this report the NAC has developed AEGLs for at least 270 EHSs. There are currently three AEGLs: AEGL-1, AEGL-2, and AEGL-3. AEGL-1 is the airborne concentration of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain asymptomatic nonsensory effects. These effects are not disabling and are transient and reversible once exposure is stopped. AEGL-2 is the airborne concentration (of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population could experience irreversible, long-lasting adverse health effects or an impaired ability to escape. AEGL-3 is the airborne concentration of a substance above which it is predicted that the general population could experience life threatening health effects or death. On April 22-24 2013, the NRC-established Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels 2013 met to review AEGL documents approved by the NAC. The committee members were selected for their expertise in toxicology, medicine, industrial hygiene, biostatistics, and risk assessment. Twenty-second Interim Report of the Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels presents a review of AEGLs for various chemicals including acrylonitrile, halogen fluorides, tellurium hexafluoride, and thionyl chloride.



Standing Operating Procedures for Developing Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Chemicals

Author : National Research Council

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 225 pages

File Size : 26,88 MB

Release : 2001-06-25

Category : Political Science

ISBN : 030907553X

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Book Description

Standing Operating Procedures for Developing Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Chemicals contains a detailed and comprehensive methodology for developing acute exposure guideline levels (AEGLs) for toxic substances from inhalation exposures. The book provides guidance on what documents and databases to use, toxicity endpoints that need to be evaluated, dosimetry corrections from animal to human exposures, selection of appropriate uncertainty factors to address the variability between animals and humans and within the human population, selection of modifying factors to address data deficiencies, time scaling, and quantitative cancer risk assessment. It also contains an example of a summary of a technical support document and an example of AEGL derivation. This book will be useful to persons in the derivation of levels from other exposure routesâ€"both oral and dermalâ€"as well as risk assessors in the government, academe, and private industry.



Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals

Author : National Research Council

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 465 pages

File Size : 30,98 MB

Release : 2010-03-18

Category : Nature

ISBN : 030915233X

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Book Description

This book is the eighth volume in the series Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals, and reviews AEGLs for acrolein, carbon monoxide, 1,2-dichloroethene, ethylenimine, fluorine, hydrazine, peracetic acid, propylenimine, and sulfur dioxide for scientific accuracy, completeness, and consistency with the NRC guideline reports.



Thirteenth Interim Report of the Subcommittee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels

Author : National Research Council

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 34 pages

File Size : 47,83 MB

Release : 2005-08-01

Category : Science

ISBN : 030909707X

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Book Description

Formed in 1995 by EPA, several other federal and state agencies, and several private organizations, the National Advisory Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances (referred to as the NAC) develops, reviews, and approves acute exposure guideline levels (AEGLs) for up to 400 extremely hazardous substances (EHSs). AEGLs have a broad array of potential applications for federal, state, and local governments and for the private sector. They are necessary for prevention and emergency-response planning for potential releases of EHSs, either from accidents or as a result of terrorist activities. This report includes an assessment of the NAC's draft AEGLs documents for the following 10 chemicals: 1, 4-dioxane; chloroform; carbon tetrachloride; sulfur dioxide; cis, trans 1,-2 dichloroethylene; monochloroacetic acid; carbon monoxide; fluorine; methanol; and phenol.



Twelfth Interim Report of the Subcommittee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels

Author : National Research Council

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 66 pages

File Size : 11,24 MB

Release : 2005-03-03

Category : Science

ISBN : 0309095883

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Book Description

Extremely hazardous substances (EHSs), as defined in the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986, can be released accidentally as a result of chemical spills, industrial explosions, fires, or accidents involving railroad cars or trucks used in transporting these substances, or intentionally through terrorist activities. It is also feasible that these substance can be released by improper storage and/or handling. Workers and residents in communities surrounding industrial facilities where EHSs are manufactured, used, or stored and in communities along the nation's railways and highways are potentially at risk of being exposed to airborne EHSs during accidental and intentional releases. This report provides technical guidance on establishing community Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for certain hazardous chemicals. It reviews the scientific validity of AEGLs developed by the national Advisory Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances, identifies research priorities, and identifies guidance issues that may require modification or further development based on the toxicological database for the chemicals reviewed. This twelfth interim report offers recommendations for improving AEGLs for the following 15 chemicals: toluene, xylenes, ammonia, bromine, aniline, methyl ethyl ketone, hydrazine, iron pentacarbonyl, phosphine, chlorine, trifluoride, ethyleneimine, propyleneimine, allyl alcohol, ethylene oxide, and nickel carbonyl.



Hazardous Gases

Author : Jaspal Singh

Publisher : Academic Press

Page : 428 pages

File Size : 30,86 MB

Release : 2021-07-17

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0323886027

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Book Description

Hazardous Gases: Risk Assessment on Environment and Human Health examines all relevant routes of exposure, inhalation, skin absorption and ingestion, and control measures of specifics hazardous gases resulting from workplace exposure from industrial processes, traffic fumes, and the degradation of waste materials and how they impacts the health and environment of workers. The book examines the risk assessment and effect of poisonous gases on the environment human health. It also covers necessary emergency guidelines, safety measures, physiological impact, hazard control measures, handling and storage of hazardous gases. Each chapter is formatted to include an introduction, historical background, physicochemical properties, physiological role discussing mechanisms of toxicity, its effect on human health as well as environment, followed by case studies and recent research on toxic gases. Hazardous Gases: Risk Assessment on Environment and Human Health is a helpful resource for academics and researchers in toxicology, occupational health and safety, and environmental sciences as well as those in the field who work to assess and mitigate the impact of toxic gases on the work environment and the health of the workforce. - Emphasizes the environmental monitoring in the workplace of hazardous materials - Includes all relevant storage and handling information required for detailing all personnel on the hazards and risks from the substances with which they work - Offers practical examples and case studies related to toxic gases and their impact on health



Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals

Author : National Research Council

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 320 pages

File Size : 42,90 MB

Release : 2008-09-26

Category : Science

ISBN : 030917774X

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Book Description

This book is the sixth volume in the series Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals, and includes AEGLs for chemicals such as ammonia, nickel carbonyl and phosphine, among others. At the request of the Department of Defense, the National Research Council has reviewed the relevant scientific literature compiled by an expert panel and established Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGLs) for 12 new chemicals. AEGLs represent exposure levels below which adverse health effects are not likely to occur and are useful in responding to emergencies such as accidental or intentional chemical releases in the community, the workplace, transportation, the military, and for the remediation of contaminated sites. Three AEGLs are approved for each chemical, representing exposure levels that result in: 1) notable but reversible discomfort; 2) long-lasting health effects; and 3) life-threatening health impacts.



Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals

Author : National Research Council

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 207 pages

File Size : 14,38 MB

Release : 2015-04-09

Category : Nature

ISBN : 0309368979

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Book Description

Extremely hazardous substances can be released accidentally as a result of chemical spills, industrial explosions, fires, or accidents involving railroad cars and trucks transporting EHSs. Workers and residents in communities surrounding industrial facilities where these substances are manufactured, used, or stored and in communities along the nation's railways and highways are potentially at risk of being exposed to airborne EHSs during accidental releases or intentional releases by terrorists. Pursuant to the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has identified approximately 400 EHSs on the basis of acute lethality data in rodents. Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals, Volume 19 identifies, reviews, and interprets relevant toxicologic and other scientific data for selected AEGL documents for cyanide salts, diketene, methacrylaldehyde, pentaborane, tellurium hexafluoride, and tetrafluoroethylene in order to develop acute exposure guideline levels (AEGLs) for these high-priority, acutely toxic chemicals. AEGLs represent threshold exposure limits (exposure levels below which adverse health effects are not likely to occur) for the general public and are applicable to emergency exposures ranging from 10 minutes (min) to 8 h. Three levels - AEGL-1, AEGL-2, and AEGL-3 - are developed for each of five exposure periods (10 min, 30 min, 1 h, 4 h, and 8 h) and are distinguished by varying degrees of severity of toxic effects. This report will inform planning, response, and prevention in the community, the workplace, transportation, the military, and the remediation of Superfund sites.