On the Setal Pattern of Caterpillars and Pupae (Classic Reprint)


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Excerpt from On the Setal Pattern of Caterpillars and Pupae The well-known treatise of Weismann (1876) on the Sphingid-caterpillars has given rise to many recent investigations of the Lepidoptera. It very soon became evident that many important discoveries could still be made about these well-known insects, although they have been observed for centuries, even if one confines oneself to external characteristics only. The studies of Weismann on the seasonal dimorphism (1876), the rediscovery of Ratzeburg's observations (1840) on the external sexual characteristics of the pupae by Jackson (1890) and Poulton (1890), the studies by Poulton on the antennae and wingsheaths of the nymphae, the enlargement of our knowledge of the primary colour-pattern on the wings of the butterflies by J. F. Van Bemmelen (1890), the investigations by Spuler (1892) of the wingveins and by Walter (1885) and Chapman (1893 B) of the active mandibles of Micropteryx are the most striking proofs, of how many important and successful investigations could still be made in the morphology of the Lepidoptera, in the last decades. W. Muller's (1886) treatise showed us the constancy in the arrangement of the so-called primary hairs of the Nymphalid-caterpillars. In a supplement this writer points out, that the same pattern occurs also in other families. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works."







Current Wage Developments


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Bulletin


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Yellow Steel


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In Yellow Steel, the first overarching history of the earthmoving equipment industry, William Haycraft examines the tremendous increase in the scope of mining and construction projects, from the Suez Canal through the interstate highway system, made possible by innovations in earthmoving machinery. Led by Cyrus McCormick's invention in 1831 of a practical mechanical reaper, many of the builders of today's massive earthmoving machines began as makers of reapers, plows, threshers, and combines. Haycraft traces the efforts of manufacturers such as Caterpillar, Allis-Chalmers, International Harvester, J. I. Case, Deere, and Massey-Ferguson to diversify from farm equipment to specialized earthmoving equipment and the important contributions of LeTourneau, Euclid, and others in meeting the needs of the construction and mining industries. He shows how postwar economic and political events, especially the creation of the interstate highway system, spurred the development of more powerful and more agile machines. He also relates the precipitous fall of several major American earthmoving machine companies and the rise of Japanese competitors in the early 1980s. Extensively illustrated and packed with detailed information on both manufacturers and machines, Yellow Steel knits together the diverse stories of the many companies that created the earthmoving equipment industry--how they began, expanded, retooled, merged, succeeded, and sometimes failed. Their history, a step-by-step linking of need and invention, provides the foundation for virtually all modern transportation, construction, commerce, and industry.