Performing Location Allocation Measures with a GIS for Fire Stations in Toledo, Ohio


Book Description

The locations of fire stations are an extremely important decision for emergency service providers and public officials to make in order to efficiently and effectively carry out fire and EMS service coverage to a jurisdiction's population and property. The provision of these essential services is vital and their deployment should be strategically located to allow for faster response times traveled by emergency vehicles. This study examines the current location set of all fire stations that deploy fire protection and emergency medical services (EMS) services in Toledo, Ohio. The goals of this study are to improve the efficiency of coverage in terms of decreasing total travel times and employing an 8 minute travel time constraint due to National Fire Protection Agency (NFPA) standards, in order to increase overall protection and safety. This study employs the methodologies of the MINISUM location allocation strategy and will utilize a maximum distance constraint to exclude long and unacceptable response times, increase efficiency of emergency services, reduce response times, thus increasing overall effectiveness in service delivery. The location allocation study of Toledo fire stations will be implemented with a Geographic Information System (GIS) to allow for a systematic and thorough location analysis approach. By using a GIS, the information and data collected from the relocation analysis will show that a lower objective function (z) can be achieved by decreasing total weighted aggregate travel time by fire station vehicles from its respective fire station. After choosing which fire stations in the current location set should be relocated, the study will recommend where they should be built and a comparison will be conducted of analyzing the opportunity costs associated with moving fire stations and altering the service area territories from fire station relocation.







Distance and Coverage


Book Description

The major concern of planners when placing fire stations is finding their optimal locations such that the fire companies can reach fire locations within reasonable response time or distance. Planners are also concerned with the numbers of fire stations that are needed to cover all service areas and the fires, as demands, with standard response time or distance. One of the tools for such analysis is location-allocation models. Location-allocation models enable planners to determine the optimal locations of facilities in an area in order to serve regional demands in the most efficient way. The purpose of this dissertation is to examine the geographic distribution of the existing fire stations in Kuwait City. This study utilized location-allocation models within the Geographic Information System (GIS) environment and a number of statistical functions to assess the current locations of fire stations in Kuwait City. Further, this study investigated how well all service areas are covered and how many and where additional fire stations are needed. Four different location-allocation models were compared to find which models cover more demands than the others, given the same number of fire stations. This study tests many ways to combine variables instead of using one variable at a time when applying these models in order to create a new measurement that influence the optimal locations for locating fire stations. This study also tests how the location-allocation models are sensitive to different levels of spatial dependency. The results indicate that there are some districts in Kuwait City that are not covered by the existing fire stations. These uncovered districts are clustered together. This study also identifies where to locate the new fire stations. This study provides users of these models a new variable that can assist them to select the best locations for fire stations. The results include information about how the location-allocation models behave in response to different levels of spatial dependency of demands. The results show that these models perform better with clustered demands. From additional analysis carried out in this study, it can be concluded that these models preformed differently at different spatial patterns.




Five-year Budget Projections


Book Description




Arc Hydro


Book Description

Why Arc hydro? / David Maidment / - Arc Hydro framwork / David Maidment, Scott Morehouse / - Hydro networks / Francisco Olivera, David Maidment / - Drainage systems / Francisco Olivera, Jordan Furnans / River channels / Nawajish Noma, James Nelson / Hydrography / Kim Davis, Jordan Furnans / - Time series / Damid Maidment, Venkatesh Merwade / - Hydrologic modeling / Steve Grise, David Arctur.







A Primer of GIS, First Edition


Book Description

This textbook examines the choices considered when creating geographic representations and cartographic representations, transforming spherical coordinates to planar coordinates, and modeling geographic data. Harvey (geography, University of Minnesota) introduces the three generic options for recording the locations and characteristics of things and events, the principles of remote sensing, map design elements, and geostatistical methods. Fifteen color plates are provided in the middle of the book, while black and white images are scattered throughout.




How to Lie with Maps


Book Description

Originally published to wide acclaim, this lively, cleverly illustrated essay on the use and abuse of maps teaches us how to evaluate maps critically and promotes a healthy skepticism about these easy-to-manipulate models of reality. Monmonier shows that, despite their immense value, maps lie. In fact, they must. The second edition is updated with the addition of two new chapters, 10 color plates, and a new foreword by renowned geographer H. J. de Blij. One new chapter examines the role of national interest and cultural values in national mapping organizations, including the United States Geological Survey, while the other explores the new breed of multimedia, computer-based maps. To show how maps distort, Monmonier introduces basic principles of mapmaking, gives entertaining examples of the misuse of maps in situations from zoning disputes to census reports, and covers all the typical kinds of distortions from deliberate oversimplifications to the misleading use of color. "Professor Monmonier himself knows how to gain our attention; it is not in fact the lies in maps but their truth, if always approximate and incomplete, that he wants us to admire and use, even to draw for ourselves on the facile screen. His is an artful and funny book, which like any good map, packs plenty in little space."—Scientific American "A useful guide to a subject most people probably take too much for granted. It shows how map makers translate abstract data into eye-catching cartograms, as they are called. It combats cartographic illiteracy. It fights cartophobia. It may even teach you to find your way. For that alone, it seems worthwhile."—Christopher Lehmann-Haupt, The New York Times ". . . witty examination of how and why maps lie. [The book] conveys an important message about how statistics of any kind can be manipulated. But it also communicates much of the challenge, aesthetic appeal, and sheer fun of maps. Even those who hated geography in grammar school might well find a new enthusiasm for the subject after reading Monmonier's lively and surprising book."—Wilson Library Bulletin "A reading of this book will leave you much better defended against cheap atlases, shoddy journalism, unscrupulous advertisers, predatory special-interest groups, and others who may use or abuse maps at your expense."—John Van Pelt, Christian Science Monitor "Monmonier meets his goal admirably. . . . [His] book should be put on every map user's 'must read' list. It is informative and readable . . . a big step forward in helping us to understand how maps can mislead their readers."—Jeffrey S. Murray, Canadian Geographic







Geographic Information Systems and Health Applications


Book Description

"This book presents a sampling of the many applications utilizing GIS in the field of health, including needs of less-developed countries in utilizing the concepts and technologies of mapping"--Provided by publisher.