Pharmacokinetics and Adverse Effects of Drugs


Book Description

This book is a fruit of a collaborative work from several international scientists. It will be a useful resource for researchers, students, and clinicians. Each individual chapter could serve as a prescribed reading for postgraduate students and clinicians specializing in and practicing clinical pharmacology and toxicology, pharmacotherapy and pharmacotherapeutics, pharmacovigilance, and toxicovigilance, as well as those involved in clinical research, drug discovery, and development. Every chapter in this book discusses and provides illustrations on the theme discussed based on authors' understanding and experience while summarizing existing knowledge. In doing so, each chapter provides a new insight that would benefit a novice as well as a seasoned reader in understanding the pharmacokinetic mechanisms and risk factors involved in the occurrence of adverse effects of drugs.




Oral Drug Absorption


Book Description

Oral Drug Absorption, Second Edition thoroughly examines the special equipment and methods used to test whether drugs are released adequately when administered orally. The contributors discuss methods for accurately establishing and validating in vitro/in vivo correlations for both MR and IR formulations, as well as alternative approaches for MR an




Study Guide to Accompany Drug Therapy in Nursing


Book Description

The perfect companion to Drug Therapy in Nursing, Second Edition, this invaluable study partner delivers guidance on individual patient management from a nurse-as-caregiver perspective, helping you build essential knowledge and develop sound practice skills. Knowledge-building features include Top Ten Things to Know lists, key terms, multiple-choice questions, case studies, and critical thinking challenges. A "Just the Facts" feature helps deepen your understanding of essential drugs, their actions, indications, contraindications, and cautions. A "Patients Please" feature helps you put the needs of the patient first, with facts on core patient variables.




Drug Transporters


Book Description

It is increasingly recognized that various transporter proteins are expressed throughout the body and determine absorption, tissue distribution, biliary and renal elimination of endogenous compounds and drugs and drug effects. This book will give an overview on the transporter families which are most important for drug therapy. Most chapters will focus on one transporter family highlighting tissue expression, substrates, inhibitors, knock-out mouse models and clinical studies.




Bioenvironmental Issues Affecting Men's Reproductive and Sexual Health


Book Description

Bioenvironmental Issues Affecting Men's Reproductive and Sexual Health is structured into two parts related to men's reproductive and sexual health with eight sections designed to enable a logical flow of such knowledge. The book is focused on the biology of key organs involved in male reproduction and the environmental influences affecting their functions with particular emphasis on clinical aspects. Individual chapters within the book range from basic to translational aspects, but all hold clinical relevance. This is an essential reference for those working and learning in the field of human reproduction, reproductive toxicology and environmental influences on reproductive and sexual health. - Brings together the leading authorities working in the field of male reproduction and sexual health and how the environment affects these issues - Provides guidelines and reference values of various reproductive hormones, semen parameters, inclusion/exclusion criteria for clinical trials - Discover the most efficient methods by which to design clinical protocols for sperm safety studies and reproductive toxicology trials




Food-drug Interactions


Book Description

The interaction between drugs and food is an increasingly relevant topic in clinical practice. There are numerous possibilities for interactions between drugs and food, often unknown or ignored by both health professionals and patients. The success of the care given to each patient depends, to a large extent, on the knowledge regarding the risks of associating drugs and foods. These interactions can be decisive in achieving therapeutic success due to interferences not only in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drugs, with direct implications in the effectiveness and safety of the drugs, as well as in the absorption of nutrients.This aspect becomes even more relevant in patients with chronic pathology in which the coexistence of the drug/food binomial is prolonged over time.The objective of this book was to carry out a review on the main drug-food interactions and their impact on health. In this book, the most prevalent chronic pathologies in the population are referenced.In addition to an introductory chapter on this subject, the following chapters address the impact of the vehicles used in the different pharmaceutical formulations for the oral route.Taking this into account, aspects of potential interactions in the digestive and hepatic system, in diseases such as diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, heart disease, dyslipidemia and cancer disease are presented. Additionally, the relevance of interactions between drugs and products of plant origin are also described.Finally, the authors present a case study, with the main focus on the evaluation of potent interactions between antihypertensive and anti-dyslipidemic drugs and foods, carried out in a community pharmacy.The authors believe that this book is of general interest, with greater relevance to health professionals, namely doctors, pharmacists, nurses and nutritionists, in order to facilitate quicker assessments of potential interactions and risks arising from the prescription of medicines and concomitant use with food.




Clinical Pharmacology: Current Topics and Case Studies


Book Description

Today we witness an eventful time in which the powerful new forces of genomics, information technology and economics are rapidly changing the science and art of medicine. This will require more specialization than ever before. However, there is also an increasing demand for an integrated approach, which is provided by the discipline of Clinical Pharmacology (CP). CP pursues a scientific goal by studying drug action in patients and volunteers, a clinical goal by administering appropriate drug therapy and a regulatory goal by assessing the risk/benefit ratio of drug candidates in drug development and reimbursement. This introduction to current topics of CP covers traditional topics of clinical drug research and trial methodology but also provides insight in current topics like genomics, imaging technology and issues in drug reimbursement. A number of concrete case studies in clinical drug research and development help to give a better understanding of the general principles of CP.




Ibuprofen: Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Side Effects


Book Description

Ibuprofen is one of the most successful drugs used worldwide for the treatment of mild to moderate pain and various inflammatory conditions. Over the past 40 years, ibuprofen has been proven to be as safe or even safer and also as effective as the established non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and the coxibs. This well-written book reviews the pharmacology, clinical uses and the various adverse effects of Ibuprofen, the disposition and unique modes of action in relation to clinical effects of the drug as well as various formulations. The use of combinations with other drugs (e.g. paracetamol, codeine, caffeine) are critically assessed and the impact of natural products and Chinese Medicines on the safety of ibuprofen.




Commonly Used Drugs


Book Description

Drugs (medicines) are considered either the primary therapy or an adjunct to another modality. Physicians of all specialties prescribe drugs on a daily basis, and therefore they need to understand the mode and action by which drugs exert their therapeutic effects. Written records of the use of natural products as medicinal agents date back thousands of years. However, it was not until the early 1800s that the active principles from plants were isolated. Since then thousands of drugs have been introduced to the drugs market. With advances in drug design, molecular biology and genetics, the rate of developing new potent drugs is accelerated. Due to the vast progress in drug development and discovery, medical and pharmacy students, doctors, nurses and pharmacists in training need to learn the principles of therapeutics in order to follow up with the frequent changes in the therapeutics and adapt to them. With contributions from some of my colleagues, this book provides a clear and concise overview of the most important commonly used drugs with emphasis on the pharmacology aspects necessary for a basic understanding of the subject. It reviews the concepts, clinical applications, dosage forms, bioavailability, pharmacokinetics and side effects of a large number of drugs used to alleviate pain, lower cholesterol levels, and treat bacterial infections, diabetes, osteoporosis, bleeding, psoriasis and multiple Sclerosis. This book, with over 750 references, is an excellent pharmacology text for the student who is looking to broaden his/her strengths prior to the exam. The beauty of this text is that it includes essential pharmacology concepts in a compact book that can be quickly referenced and read multiple times during the course of a student's studies. In addition, this guide assists scientists trained in molecular biology, medicinal chemistry and related fields who need to know the basic theories, principles and practical applications of pharmacology. With the addition of pharmacokinetics coverage, ways to improve the bioavailability of commonly used drugs and sections on therapeutics that will help readers identify with diseases and drug treatments, this book provides better preparation of researchers in the basics of pharmacology.




Mechanisms of Drug Toxicity


Book Description

Mechanisms of Drug Toxicity, Volume 4 presents the proceedings of the 3rd International Pharmacological Meeting held in Sao Paulo, Brazil in 1966. The book discusses the drug-induced pathobiotic effects; the mechanisms of adverse reactions; and enzyme induction in the mechanism of chronic toxicity. The text also describes the influence of inducing substances on the growth of liver and microsomal electron transport systems; the quantitative aspects of chronic toxicity; and the facts and fallacies in predicting drug effects in human.