Power, Testing, and Grounding of Electronic Systems


Book Description

Starting from the basics of a power distribution system, the author explained the mechanism of how grounding noise currents arise in a facility transformer. This is followed by computer simulation of short circuit or fault currents required in sizing the interrupting capacity of a circuit breaker. Chapter 3 closely examines propagation constant and characteristic impedance of a transmission line. The model of a transmission line can explain most of the electrical or electronics problems. Some of these problems include redundancy in power systems, and grounding noise voltage. Often, an engineer needs to find the cause of a failure in a system. He must have, at his disposal, a systematic method of testing to find the most probable cause of failure. This book recommends the boundary approach in finding such a cause. Testing may involve characterizing a device or a signal. An example of how an unknown device may be characterized is shown in this book. In this book, a grounding noise voltage is treated as a signal. It is, perhaps, the most common cause of failures in electronic systems. To illustrate an example of how a signal may be characterized and address grounding itself, Chapter 7 shows experiments on how a grounding noise voltage may be minimized. Finally, Chapter 8 is a recommended approach in designing a grounding system.







Control Engineering


Book Description

Control system power and grounding is possibly the single most important element to ensure a control system doesn't experience unidentified "gremlins" throughout its life. The topic is appropriate to every control system domain, including programmable logic controllers, process control systems, robotics, vision systems, etc. Power and grounding is recognized by a major industry standards organization, ISA, in ongoing standards efforts. Control Engineering and several power and grounding experts have developed this control system power and grounding resource. When used in conjunction with control system manufacturer installation documentation, users can expect robust, reliable control system installation; one that remains free of "phantom" problems caused by power and grounding glitches. - Provides clarity for manufacturer's obscure system documentation - The only single source control system power and grounding guide available. - Details how to significantly improve reliability in control systems, saving valuable time and money.







Grounds for Grounding


Book Description

GROUNDS FOR GROUNDING Gain a comprehensive understanding of all aspects of grounding theory and application in this new, expanded edition Grounding design and installation are crucial to ensure the safety and performance of any electrical or electronic system irrespective of size. Successful grounding design requires a thorough familiarity with theory combined with practical experience with real-world systems. Rarely taught in schools due to its complexity, identifying and implementing the appropriate solution to grounding problems is nevertheless a vital skill in the industrial world for any electrical engineer. In Grounds for Grounding, readers will discover a complete and thorough approach to the topic that blends theory and practice to demonstrate that a few rules apply to many applications. The book provides basic concepts of Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) that act as the foundation for understanding grounding theory and its applications. Each avenue of grounding is covered in its own chapter, topics from safety aspects in facilities, lightning, and NEMP to printed circuit board, cable shields, and enclosure grounding, and more. Grounds for Grounding readers will also find: Revised and updated information presented in every chapter New chapters on grounding for generators, uninterruptible power sources (UPSs) New appendices including a grounding design checklist, grounding documentation content, and grounding verification procedures Grounds for Grounding is a useful reference for engineers in circuit design, equipment, and systems, as well as power engineers, platform, and facility designers.




Practical Grounding, Bonding, Shielding and Surge Protection


Book Description

This book will allow you to gain practical skills and know-how in grounding, bonding, lightning & surge protection. Few topics generate as much controversy and argument as that of grounding and the associated topics of surge protection, shielding and lightning protection of electrical and electronic systems. Poor grounding practice can be the cause of continual and intermittent difficult-to-diagnose problems in a facility. This book looks at these issues from a fresh yet practical perspective and enables you to reduce expensive downtime on your plant and equipment to a minimum by correct application of these principles.Learning outcomes:* Apply the various methods of grounding electrical systems* Detail the applicable national Standards* Describe the purposes of grounding and bonding* List the types of systems that cannot be grounded* Describe what systems can be operated ungrounded* Correctly shield sensitive communications cables from noise and interference* Apply practical knowledge of surge and transient protection* Troubleshoot and fix grounding and surge problems* Design, install and test an effective grounding system for electronic equipment* Understand lightning and how to minimize its impact on your facility* Protect sensitive equipment from lightning· An engineer's guide to earthing, shielding, lightning and surge protection designed to deliver reliable equipment and communications systems that comply with international and national codes · Discover how to reduce plant downtime and intermittent faults by implementing best-practice grounding/earthing techniques· Learn the principles of cable shielding in communication networks




Aircraft Electrical and Electronic Systems


Book Description

The Aircraft Engineering Principles and Practice Series provides students, apprentices and practicing aerospace professionals with the definitive resources to take forward their aircraft engineering maintenance studies and career. This book provides a detailed introduction to the principles of aircraft electrical and electronic systems. It delivers the essential principles and knowledge required by certifying mechanics, technicians and engineers engaged in engineering maintenance on commercial aircraft and in general aviation. It is well suited for anyone pursuing a career in aircraft maintenance engineering or a related aerospace engineering discipline, and in particular those studying for licensed aircraft maintenance engineer status. The book systematically covers the avionic content of EASA Part-66 modules 11 and 13 syllabus, and is ideal for anyone studying as part of an EASA and FAR-147 approved course in aerospace engineering. All the necessary mathematical, electrical and electronic principles are explained clearly and in-depth, meeting the requirements of EASA Part-66 modules, City and Guilds Aerospace Engineering modules, BTEC National Units, elements of BTEC Higher National Units, and a Foundation Degree in aircraft maintenance engineering or a related discipline.




Signal Integrity and Radiated Emission of High-Speed Digital Systems


Book Description

Before putting digital systems for information technology or telecommunication applications on the market, an essential requirement is to perform tests in order to comply with the limits of radiated emission imposed by the standards. This book provides an investigation into signal integrity (SI) and electromagnetic interference (EMI) problems. Topics such as reflections, crosstalk, switching noise and radiated emission (RE) in high-speed digital systems are covered, which are essential for IT and telecoms applications. The highly important topic of modelling is covered which can reduce costs by enabling simulation data to demonstrate that a product meets design specifications and regulatory limits. According to the new European EMC directive, this can help to avoid the expensive use of large semi-anechoic chambers or open area test sites for radiated emission assessments. Following a short introduction to signalling and radiated interference in digital systems, the book provides a detailed characterization of logic families in terms of static and dynamic characteristic useful for modelling techniques. Crosstalk in multi-coupled line structures are investigated by analytical, graphical and circuit-based methods, and techniques to mitigate these phenomena are provided. Grounding, filtering and shielding with multilayer PCBs are also examined and design rules given. Written by authors with extensive experience in industry and academia. Explains basic conceptual problems from a theoretical and practical point of view by using numerous measurements and simulations. Presents models for mathematical and SPICE-like circuit simulators. Provides examples of using full-wave codes for SI and RE investigations. Companion website containing lists of codes and sample material. Signal Integrity and Radiated Emission of High-Speed Digital Systems is a valuable resource to industrial designers of information technology, telecommunication equipment and automation equipment as well as to development engineers. It will also be of interest to managers and designers of consumer electronics, and researchers in electronics.