Increasing Access to Rural Finance in Bangladesh


Book Description

Since the mid-1990s, Bangladesh's banking sector has grown considerably. Despite the boom and the government's efforts to increase access in rural areas, rural financial markets have shrunk in relative terms. As a result, access to finance by micro, small, and medium-size enterprises and marginal, small, and medium-size farmers - the "missing middle" - remains limited, which is significant because these groups are the engines of growth in rural Bangladesh in terms of employment, contribution to GDP, and prospects for future growth.







China's Rural Financial System


Book Description

This book examines the credit needs and the borrowing behaviour of rural households in China in recent years. It is based on in-depth analysis of the status of households’ indebtedness and borrowing behaviour; the performance of Rural Credit Cooperatives (RCCs), as well as resources of informal finance. Before 2006, RCCs are virtually the only source of formal credit for rural households in China and were subject to a series of reforms from 1996 to 2003. The reforms aimed to transform RCCs into market-oriented institutions and, more importantly, help them meet the increasing demands of farmers for varied financial services, and thereby contribute effectively to economic transformation in rural China. Based on a micro-study of three villages, at different stages of development with dissimilar economic characteristics in Jiangxi province, this book investigates the sources of finance, formal and informal, in rural areas and the different types of credit that farmers require. It examines the patterns of credit required by rural households at different stages of agricultural processes, and the institutions from which they obtain loans. It demonstrates the importance of innovative institutional arrangements in rural China and new instruments that give farmers access to formal rural financial markets and enable them to utilize credit effectively, concluding that further reforms to RCCs are necessary for RCCs to be truly effective.




Beyond the City


Book Description

The rural economy's contribution to development: summary of findings and policy implications; The rural contribution to development: analytical issues; The rural contribution to development: policy issues.




Design Issues in Rural Finance


Book Description

World Bank Discussion Paper No. 291. Discusses the major issues associated with transforming and improving payment systems in emerging market economies. Economic activity requires a system of payments to facilitate trade and exchange between consumers and suppliers of products and services. This paper looks at the differences between payment systems in centrally planned and market economies. The authors examine both short- and long-term methods of improving payment systems. Distinctions between the various payment instruments are made, and the roles of country size, banking structure, and institutional framework are discussed. An appendix provides a summary checklist of information needed to plan adequately for changes in payment systems.




Microfinance and Forest-based Small-scale Enterprises


Book Description

Communities around the world rely on forests for their livelihoods, and the sustainable development of small-scale, often family-run enterprises is increasingly recognised as a key to poverty reduction. This publication examines the needs of such small-scale enterprises for access to microfinance services, given the seasonal and often unpredictable nature of forest-based activities. It looks at different types of financial institutions (such as banks, non-governmental organisations, co-operatives and credit unions) as well as group lending, leasing, insurance and cash transfers. The strengths and weaknesses of different approaches are considered through four case studies which draw on experiences in Nepal, Guatemala, the Sudan and Peru.




Rural Well-being


Book Description

The Fourth Annual World Bank Conference on Environmentally Sustainable Development was convened in September 1996, with the aim to pursue four key goals:1) poverty reduction; 2) widely shared growth; 3) household, national, and global food security; and 4) sustainable natural resource management. This volume contains the presentations of all the plenary speakers as they are delivered or from written texts. In addition, it contains a summary of each of the thematic and regional roundtables as well as summaries of many of the associated and concurrent events. The volume also reprints the background papers submitted by those who participated in the roundtables. Full text statements from the associated event on Ethics, Values, Spiritually, and Rural Well-Being are also included.




Rural Development


Book Description

The Context; If Rural Development Is So Important, Why Is Not Happening; Formulating Country Strategies and Building Consensus; Improving the Existing Portfolio; Using the International Arena to Generate Greater Commitment; Areas of Concentration and Future Directions.




Strategic Alliances to Scale Up Financial Services in Rural Areas


Book Description

"Business firms have employed strategic alliances with other firms to effectively manage costs, overcome resource and technology constraints, and enhance competitive position. The principle and practice of strategic alliances can be applied as well for productive and beneficial institutional collaborations in rural financial markets to expand the array of financial products and to scale up access of rural households and micro-businesses to financial services. Strategic alliances comprise a new theme in rural finance. The institutions in the study used strategic alliances to tap new capital resources, manage transaction costs, access banking technology and infrastructure and acquire new skills to provide an expanding array of financial services to wider markets. The authors carefully examine the experiences of selected rural finance institutions and their strategic allies or development partners in Guatemala, the Philippines, Ghana and India to draw out the main findings and share the lessons that may be gainfully applied in other country settings. The study addressed a number of key questions: - What motivated the rural finance institution to structure its alliance or partnership with a bank, commercial or development organization? - How are gains from and costs of alliances and partnerships shared between collaborating institutions? - What are the key elements that make partnerships or alliances successful, and which conditions lead to unproductive ones? - Which financial products and services are best introduced through strategic alliances?"