Propension À la R-D Et Productivité Dans Les Entreprises Sous Contrôle Étranger Au Canada


Book Description

Les auteurs de l'étude examinent la propension à la R-D des entreprises sous contrôle canadien et des entreprises sous contrôle étranger au Canada à l'aide de données au niveau de l'entreprise. Les résultats empiriques indiquent qu'après avoir neutralisé les effets d'autres facteurs, les entreprises sous contrôle étranger au Canada dépensent sensiblement moins en R-D que les entreprises sous contrôle canadien. Cependant, la propension à la R-D des entreprises sous contrôle étranger a augmenté au même rythme que celle des entreprises sous contrôle canadien de 1985 à 1994. Au sein des deux groupes, la propension à la R-D est plus élevée dans les entreprises de haute technologie et celles qui sont orientées vers l'exportation, mais plus faible dans les entreprises de taille moyenne et les grandes entreprises. En outre, l'étude révèle que les entreprises sous contrôle étranger adoptent activement les technologies de pointe (et d'autres éléments d'actif incorporels) de leur société mère. Cela explique peut-être pourquoi les entreprises sous contrôle étranger sont plus productives que les entreprises sous contrôle canadien.







Politique Sociale Et Croissance de la Productivité


Book Description

This paper presents a survey of the evidence and debate on the social determinants of productivity in the context of the Canadian productivity debate. The purpose of the paper is to try to make sense of the seemingly contradictory pieces of theory and evidence linking social policy to economic growth. Essentially the paper looks at 4 areas of research: the growth and inequality debate; the small but growing literature on the policy determinants of economic growth; an examination of 2 specific social policies (education and health); the literature on major technological change, wage inequality and the new economy. To provide the context for this discussion, the paper also includes some background material on economic growth, productivity, and social policy in OECD countries.




Lien Entre L'innovation Et la Productivité Dans Les Industries Manufacturières


Book Description

This paper argues that the lack of evidence for a strong link between innovation & productivity in Canada is due to incomplete measures of innovation. The authors first construct a comprehensive measure of innovation that models innovation as an unobservable latent variable that underlies four indicators: research & development propensity, measured as a percentage of output; patents per worker; technology adoption, measured as real investment in machinery & equipment; and skill intensity, measured as the employment share of workers with a university education. The authors then examine the relationship between innovation & productivity in 14 Canadian manufacturing industries over 1980-1997 using the new measure. The results also show that the length of time it takes for innovation to have a positive & significant impact on productivity differs across industries.




Infrastructure Politique Nationale Et Investissement Étranger Direct


Book Description

It is widely argued that a country's economic performance over time is determined to a great extent by its political, institutional, and legal environment. We refer to these public institutions and policies as the national political infrastructure (NPI) of a country. This report focusses on the linkage between measures of NPI and foreign direct investment (FDI) flows. Specifically, it tests the hypothesis that FDI will be attracted to regions characterized by more favourable NPIs. It also argues that countries with more favourable NPIs will create more domestic multinational enterprises, and they will therefore see more capital outflows, so that the net effect on capital flows may be uncertain. The study employs 2 sets of FDI data, both covering the period 1995-1997. The 1st set measures total FDI inflows and outflows to and from a sample of 144 developed and developing countries. The 2nd set uses United States Bureau of Economic Analysis data to measure the inflows of U.S. FDI to these same countries.




Commerce International, Le Commerce Interprovincial Et la Croissance Des Provinces Canadiennes


Book Description

This paper provides an empirical analysis of the comparative evolution of interprovincial & international trade and their effects on regional growth for the Canadian provinces since 1981. It first establishes the trend in the relationship between the ratios of interprovincial & international trade to gross domestic product, revealing a sharp break that occurred around 1991. The analysis casts doubt on the pure diversion model often used in trade modelling. The second part uses a conditional convergence-growth model to estimate the respective long-run effects of interprovincial & international trade on Canadian regional economies, specifically in relation to productivity, relative gross domestic product per capita, and job creation. The final chapter discusses implications of the results for regional economies & economic policy issues.




Discussion Paper


Book Description










Répercussions Sectorielles de L'application Du Protocole de Kyoto


Book Description

This paper looks at Canada's compliance with its Kyoto Protocol obligations, focussing on 2 questions: What sectors are likely to be the hardest hit (and, conversely, which might benefit) from various modalities of compliance? How do the costs of compliance change when the domestic implementation plan exempts some sectors? The analysis is conducted using a simulation model of the world economy. Specifically, a static Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model based on the Global Trade Analysis Project data is used. The analysis identifies 31 sectors and 11 regions. The study first looks at 2 core cost-effective policy approaches (national and global carbon permit trading) by way of placing the model's results in the context of other existing CGE carbon models.