Raman Spectroscopy in the Undergraduate Curriculum


Book Description

It has been nearly a century since Raman scattering was first experimentally observed. In current times, Raman spectroscopy has emerged as a versatile and powerful tool in a diverse set of scientific fields. Its implementation has grown markedly in the past 20 years due to technological advances and affordability of instrumentation. As such, more and more undergraduate institutions have acquired Raman instrumentation, and faculty from a variety of disciplines have begun to utilize the technique. This has resulted in an increased number of students gaining hands-on experience with Raman spectroscopy. As its use has grown, curricular pedagogies that utilize Raman spectroscopy to investigate interesting scientific problems have continually been developed, implemented, and publicized. Given the recent developments in the field and inspired by similar symposia on nuclear magnetic resonance and x-ray crystallography at recent ACS meetings, the editors developed a symposium titled "Engaging Undergraduates with Raman Spectroscopy." This symposium was held at the National ACS meeting held in Washington, D.C., in 2017. It generated strong interest, and the quality of presentation and breadth of knowledge displayed by the presenters was indicative of the continual pedagogical innovation of Raman spectroscopy in the undergraduate curriculum. The collection of chapters herein is based on the symposium, and several contributors to this book were its invited speakers. One of the main objectives of this volume is to convey the ideas discussed at the symposium to the broader scientific community. Our hope is that readers not only learn a great deal about the uses of Raman spectroscopy but also are stimulated to innovate new ways to incorporate Raman spectroscopy into the undergraduate curriculum.




Raman Spectroscopy of Gases and Liquids


Book Description

The Raman effect is a most useful tool for the study of molecular vibrations and molecular structure. Information about the structure and symmetry of molecules, as well as about their vibrational energies can be obtained to a reasonable degree of satisfaction from their infrared and Raman vibrational spectra. The body of knowl edqe of the vibrational infrared and Raman spectra of molecules is immense and is now so well organized and understood that it is found to be represented in any stan dard upper level undergraduate curriculum in chemistry. The rotational energies of a molecule and quantitative details about its structure can only be obtained through the techniques of microwave, and high-resolution infrared and Raman spectroscopy of low pressure gases and vapors. The results of such investigations are of interest . not only to the academic scientists, but also to scientists and engineers who are active in applied fields of chemistry and physics, as well as the atmospheric sciences. This book deals with basic investigations of the Raman scattering of light by gases, with some attention also being given to liquid substances. After a brief in troductory chapter that delineates the historical development of Raman spectroscopy of gases, high-resolution rotation-vibrational and pure rotational Raman spectros copy is described in Chapters 2 and 3. The all-important intensity parameter, the Raman scattering cross section, is treated in Chapter 4, while the broadening of Raman lines due to the effects of intermolecular forces is taken up in Chapter 5.







Chiroptical Spectroscopy


Book Description

This book details chiroptical spectroscopic methods: electronic circular dichroism (ECD), optical rotatory dispersion (ORD), vibrational circular dichroism (VCD), and vibrational Raman optical activity (VROA). For each technique, the text presents experimental methods for measurements and theoretical methods for analyzing the experimental data. It also includes a set of experiments that can be adopted for undergraduate teaching laboratories. Each chapter is written in an easy-to-follow format for novice readers, with necessary theoretical formalism in appendices for advanced readers.







Interpretation of Organic Spectra


Book Description

Although there are a number of books in this field, most of them lack an introduction of comprehensive analysis of MS and IR spectra, and others do not provide up-to-date information like tandem MS. This book fills the gap. The merit of this book is that the author will not only introduce knowledge for analyzing nuclear magnetic resonance spectra including 1H spectra (Chapter 1), 13C spectra (Chapter 2) and 2D NMR spectra (Chapter 3), he also arms readers systemically with knowledge of Mass spectra (including EI MS spectra and MS spectra by using soft ionizations) (Chapter 4) and IR spectra (Chapter 5). In each chapter the author presents very practical application skills by providing various challenging examples. The last chapter (Chapter 6) provides the strategy, skills and methods on how to identify an unknown compound through a combination of spectra. Based on nearly 40 years researching and teaching experience, the author also proposes some original and creative ideas, which are very practical for spectral interpretation.




Condensed-Phase Molecular Spectroscopy and Photophysics


Book Description

Condensed-Phase Molecular Spectroscopy and Photophysics An introduction to one of the fundamental tools in chemical research—spectroscopy and photophysics in condensed-phase and extended systems Condensed-Phase Molecular Spectroscopy and Photophysics comprehensively covers radiation-matter interactions for molecules in condensed phases along with metallic and semiconductor nanostructures, examining optical processes in extended systems such as metals, semiconductors, and conducting polymers and addressing the unique optical properties of nanoscale systems. The text differs from others through its emphasis on the molecule-environment interactions that strongly influence spectra in condensed phases, including spectroscopy and photophysics of molecular aggregates, molecular solids, and metals and semiconductors, as well as more modern topics such as two-dimensional and single-molecule spectroscopy. To aid in reader comprehension, the text includes case studies and illustrated examples. An online manual with solutions to the problems in the book is available to all readers on a companion website. Condensed-Phase Molecular Spectroscopy and Photophysics begins with an introduction to quantum mechanics that sets a solid foundation for understanding the text’s subsequent topics, including: Electromagnetic radiation and radiation-matter interactions, molecular vibrations and infrared spectroscopy, and electronic spectroscopy Photophysical processes and light scattering, nonlinear and pump-probe spectroscopies, and electron transfer processes Basic rotational spectroscopy and statistical mechanics, Raman scattering, 2D and single-molecule spectroscopies, and time-domain pictures of steady-state spectroscopies Time-independent quantum mechanics, statistical mechanics, group theory, radiation-matter interactions, and system-bath interactions Atomic spectroscopy, photophysical processes, light scattering, nonlinear and pump-probe spectroscopies, two-dimensional spectroscopies, and metals and plasmons Written for researchers and upper-level undergraduate and graduate courses in physical and materials chemistry, Condensed-Phase Molecular Spectroscopy and Photophysics is a valuable learning resource that is uniquely designed to equip readers to solve a broad array of current problems and challenges in the vast field of chemistry.







Frontiers in Chemical Engineering


Book Description

In the next 10 to 15 years, chemical engineers have the potential to affect every aspect of American life and promote the scientific and industrial leadership of the United States. Frontiers in Chemical Engineering explores the opportunities available and gives a blueprint for turning a multitude of promising visions into realities. It also examines the likely changes in how chemical engineers will be educated and take their place in the profession, and presents new research opportunities.