Revolution and Reaction


Book Description

Explains how bold efforts at profound progressive change provoked a powerful reactionary backlash that led to the imposition of brutal, regressive dictatorships.




Tropes of Revolution


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Distant Revolutions


Book Description

Distant Revolutions: 1848 and the Challenge to American Exceptionalism is a study of American politics, culture, and foreign relations in the mid-nineteenth century, illuminated through the reactions of Americans to the European revolutions of 1848. Flush from the recent American military victory over Mexico, many Americans celebrated news of democratic revolutions breaking out across Europe as a further sign of divine providence. Others thought that the 1848 revolutions served only to highlight how America’s own revolution had not done enough in the way of reform. Still other Americans renounced the 1848 revolutions and the thought of trans-atlantic unity because they interpreted European revolutionary radicalism and its portents of violence, socialism, and atheism as dangerous to the unique virtues of the United States. When the 1848 revolutions failed to create stable democratic governments in Europe, many Americans declared that their own revolutionary tradition was superior; American reform would be gradual and peaceful. Thus, when violence erupted over the question of territorial slavery in the 1850s, the effect was magnified among antislavery Americans, who reinterpreted the menace of slavery in light of the revolutions and counter-revolutions of Europe. For them a new revolution in America could indeed be necessary, to stop the onset of authoritarian conditions and to cure American exemplarism. The Civil War, then, when it came, was America’s answer to the 1848 revolutions, a testimony to America’s democratic shortcomings, and an American version of a violent, nation-building revolution.







The Age of Revolution and Reaction, 1789-1850


Book Description

The French Revolution of 1789 is a watershed in European history; no country escaped its impact, which shattered long-standing traditions and set forth new ideals that powerfully affected succeeding generations. In this edition, Charles Breunig incorporates the most recent scholarship in his account of the Revolution and the events it unleashed: the near-conquest of Europe by Napoleon, the "Concert of Europe" established at the Congress of Vienna, the era of Restoration during which efforts were made to preserve the status quo against sporadic outbursts that culminated in the revolutions of 1848. He expands significantly his treatment of the emergence of new classes and the profound economic and cultural changes that were set in motion by the Industrial Revolution.




Revolution and Reaction


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Revolution and Reaction in Modern France


Book Description

First published in 1892, this book describes the development of political thought and political parties in ‘modern’ France. It starts by discussing the French Revolution of 1789 and closes with the Paris Commune of 1871. The book is not written strictly in chronological order but rather focuses on explaining the general character of each successive period. It will be of interest to both the student, and the more general reader.




The Anatomy of Revolution


Book Description

2021 Reprint of the 1938 First Editon. Full facsimile of the original edition and not reproduced with Optical Recognition Software. The Anatomy of Revolution outlines the "uniformities" of four major political revolutions: the English Revolution of the 1640s, the American Revolution, the French Revolution, and the 1917 Russian Revolution. Brinton notes how the revolutions followed a life cycle from the Old Order to a moderate regime to a radical regime, to Thermidorian reaction. The book has been described as a "classic," "famous" and a "watershed in the study of revolution." It has been influential enough to have inspired advice given to US President Jimmy Carter by his National Security Advisor Zbigniew Brzezinski during the Iranian Revolution. Revised editions of Brinton's book were published in 1952 and 1965, and it remains in print. Our edition reprints the classic account first published in 1938 Brinton summarizes the revolutionary process as moving from "financial breakdown, [to] organization of the discontented to remedy this breakdown ... revolutionary demands on the part of these organized discontented, demands which if granted would mean the virtual abdication of those governing, attempted use of force by the government, its failure, and the attainment of power by the revolutionists. These revolutionists have hitherto been acting as an organized and nearly unanimous group, but with the attainment of power it is clear that they are not united. The group which dominates these first stages we call the moderates .... power passes by violent ... methods from Right to Left". Contents: Old regimes -- First stages of revolution -- Types of revolutionists -- Rule of the moderates -- Accession of the extremists -- Reigns of terror and virtue -- Thermidor -- Summary of the work of revolutions.