The Rhetoric of the Revival: The Language of the Great Awakening Preachers


Book Description

Michał Choiński explores the language of the key preachers of the "Great Awakening" of the mid-eighteenth century, and seeks to explain the impact their sermons exerted upon colonial American audiences. The revival of the 1739–43 is recognized as an important event in American colonial history, formative for the shaping of the culture of New England and beyond. Choiński highlights a variety of inventive rhetorical mechanisms employed by these ministers evolved into what came to be called the rhetoric of the revival," became commonplace for American revivalism, and were fundamental for the persuasive power of Great Awakening preaching and the communicative success of the "New Light" ministers. "




Rhetoric of Revival


Book Description

Throughout America's religious history, there have been periods of increased religious sentiments leading to times of religious revitalization known as America's Great Awakenings. This thesis project performs a rhetorical criticism of exemplary sermons delivered by the prominent figure from each of America's Great Awakenings. Previous rhetorical scholarship on the Great Awakenings has typically identified broad patterns in awakening sermons, but few have focused on the internal dynamics of individual sermons. This thesis supplements these studies with an examination of the internal dynamics of individual sermons. This thesis develops standards for identifying prominent preachers and representative or exemplar sermons, and focuses on the following sermons and figures: "Sinners in the Hands of An Angry God" by Jonathan Edwards, "Sinners Bound to Change Their Own Hearts" by Charles Finney, and "Lost and Saved" by Dwight Moody. Key rhetorical features include the organization of the sermon and use of appeals to emotions and values, specifically fear and responsibility. Shifts in the organization and appeals used by each speaker can be attributed to three major factors: the dominant theological perspective (i.e. Calvinist versus Arminian views of salvation), the training and background of each preacher, and the relative diversity and size of the audiences addressed.




The Rhetoric of Revival


Book Description




Delightful Conviction


Book Description

In analyzing Jonathan Edwards preaching in eighteenth-century colonial America, the authors demonstrate how his rhetoric distinguished between conversion and persuasion. The authors delineate the basic tenets of Puritan theology, place Edwards' noted sermons within an historical framework, and show how his psycho-spiritual ideas have had lasting impact on American literary, religious, and intellectual history. This reference provides a critical analysis, speech texts, chronology, and bibliography. Students and teachers of rhetoric, American history, literature, philosophy, and religion will find this in-depth study of an enigmatic great American orator pertinent for various uses. The reference defines Edwards' doctrinal stance on key religious issues of the times, describes his methods of preaching and efforts to convert sinners into saints, and assesses his influence in the eighteenth century and later. The volume covers his life, his youth and education, his revival and role in the Great Awakening of religion in America, his church's rejection and his exile. This scholarly study relates his ideas to complex theological roots in European thought, to Christian and Enlightenment discourses, and it points to the enormous effect that he has had on thinking until the twentieth century. Texts of key sermons dealing with central concepts such as divine light, sinners, and true grace are provided.




The Great Awakening


Book Description

Most twentieth-century Americans fail to appreciate the power of Christian conversion that characterized the eighteenth-century revivals, especially the Great Awakening of the 1740s. The common disdain in this secular age for impassioned religious emotion and language is merely symptomatic of the shift in values that has shunted revivals to the sidelines. The very magnitude of the previous revivals is one indication of their importance. Between 1740 and 1745 literally thousands were converted. From New England to the southern colonies, people of all ages and all ranks of society underwent the New Birth. Virtually every New England congregation was touched. It is safe to say that most of the colonists in the 1740s, if not converted themselves, knew someone who was, or at least heard revival preaching. The Awakening was a critical event in the intellectual and ecclesiastical life of the colonies. The colonists' view of the world placed much importance on conversion. Particularly, Calvinist theology viewed the bestowal of divine grace as the most crucial occurrence in human life. Besides assuring admission to God's presence in the hereafter, divine grace prepared a person for a fullness of life on earth. In the 1740s the colonists, in overwhelming numbers, laid claim to the divine power which their theology offered them. Many experienced the moral transformatoin as promised. In the Awakening the clergy's pleas of half a century came to dramatic fulfillment. Not everyone agreed that God was working in the Awakening. Many believed preachers to be demagogues, stirring up animal spirits. The revival was looked on as an emotional orgy that needlessly disturbed the churches and frustrated the true work of God. But from 1740 to 1745 no other subject received more attention in books and pamphlets. Through the stirring rhetoric of the sermons, theological treatises, and correspondence presented in this collection, readers can vicariously participate in the ecstasy as well as in the rage generated by America's first national revival.




Classical Rhetoric and Its Christian and Secular Tradition from Ancient to Modern Times


Book Description

Since its original publication by UNC Press in 1980, this book has provided thousands of students with a concise introduction and guide to the history of the classical tradition in rhetoric, the ancient but ever vital art of persuasion. Now, George Kennedy offers a thoroughly revised and updated edition of Classical Rhetoric and Its Christian and Secular Tradition. From its development in ancient Greece and Rome, through its continuation and adaptation in Europe and America through the Middle Ages and Renaissance, to its enduring significance in the twentieth century, he traces the theory and practice of classical rhetoric through history. At each stage of the way, he demonstrates how new societies modified classical rhetoric to fit their needs. For this edition, Kennedy has updated the text and the bibliography to incorporate new scholarship; added sections relating to women orators and rhetoricians throughout history; and enlarged the discussion of rhetoric in America, Germany, and Spain. He has also included more information about historical and intellectual contexts to assist the reader in understanding the tradition of classical rhetoric.







Puritan Rhetoric


Book Description

The nature of Puritanism in America and the role of emotion in religion is the subject of this important and useful collection of five religious orations, discussed and appraised by Professor White for students of Puritanism and rhetoric. The five orations presented here consist of three by Jonathan Edwards, “Future Punishment,” “Distinguishing Marks,” and “The Nature of the Affections”; one by Charles Chauncy, “Enthusiasm Described and Caution’d Against”; and one by Ebenezer Gay, “Natural Religion, as Distinguished from Revealed.” In the first or introductory part of the book, Professor White discusses in considerable detail the broader implications of the confrontation between rationalists and revivalists in New England, represented by the following orations, during this most important upheaval in the Colonies prior to the Revolution. The orations themselves are arranged to represent the force and counterforce of reason versus emotionalism and the precarious balance maintained momentarily and, eventually, lost. And in the third part of the book Professor White provides critical analysis and suggested appraisal for further interpretation and inquiry.




Preaching Politics


Book Description

Preaching Politics' traces the surprising and lasting influence of one of American history's most fascinating and enigamtic figures, George Whitefield, and his role in creating a 'rhetoric of community.




Renewing Rhetoric's Relation to Composition


Book Description

Examining the development of rhetoric and composition, using the writings of Theresa Jarnagin Enos as a basis for studies of broader trends, this book explores topics including the historical relations of rhetoric and composition, their evolution within programs of study, and Enos’s research on gender.