Selling Science in the Age of Newton


Book Description

Selling Science in the Age of Newton explores an often ignored avenue in the popularization of science. It is an investigation of how advertisements in London newspapers (from approximately 1687 to 1727) enticed consumers to purchase products relating to science: books, lecture series, and instruments. London's readers were among the first in Europe to be exposed to regular newspapers and the advertisements contained in them. This occurred just as science began to captivate the nation's imagination due, in part, to Isaac Newton's rising popularity following the publication of his Principia (1687). This unique moment allows us to see how advertising helped shape the initial public reception of science. This book fills a substantial gap in our understanding of science and the culture in which it developed by examining the medium of advertising and its function in the discourse of both early-modern science and commerce. It answers questions such as: what happens to science once it is a commodity; how are consumers tempted to purchase science amidst a sea of other commodities; how is the reading public encouraged to give social acceptance to facts of nature; and how did marketing campaigns craft newspapers readers into a source of validation for the items of science advertised? In an age where the production of scientific knowledge increasingly relied upon sales to many rather than the endorsement of a single wealthy patron, marketing was the key to success.




The Newton Papers


Book Description

When Isaac Newton died in 1727 without a will, he left behind a wealth of papers that, when examined, gave his followers and his family a deep sense of unease. Some of what they contained was wildly heretical and alchemically obsessed, hinting at a Newton altogether stranger and less palatable than the one enshrined in Westminster Abbey as the paragon of English rationality. These manuscripts had the potential to undermine not merely Newton's reputation, but that of the scientific method he embodied. They were immediately suppressed as "unfit to be printed," and, aside from brief, troubling glimpses spread across centuries, the papers would remain hidden from sight for more than seven generations. In The Newton Papers, Sarah Dry illuminates the tangled history of these private writings over the course of nearly three hundred years, from the long span of Newton's own life into the present day. The writings, on subjects ranging from secret alchemical formulas to impassioned rejections of the Holy Trinity, would eventually come to light as they moved through the hands of relatives, collectors, and scholars. The story of their disappearance, dispersal, and rediscovery is populated by a diverse cast of characters who pursued and possessed the papers, from economist John Maynard Keynes to controversial Jewish Biblical scholar Abraham Yahuda. Dry's captivating narrative moves between these varied personalities, depicting how, as they chased the image of Newton through the thickets of his various obsessions, these men became obsessed themselves with the allure of defining the "true" Newton. Dry skillfully accounts for the ways with which Newton's pursuers have approached his papers over centuries. Ultimately, The Newton Papers shows how Newton has been made and re-made throughout history by those seeking to reconcile the cosmic contradictions of an extraordinarily complex man.




Newton and the Counterfeiter


Book Description

Already famous throughout Europe for his theories of planetary motion and gravity, Isaac Newton decided to take on the job of running the Royal Mint. And there, Newton became drawn into a battle with William Chaloner, the most skilful of counterfeiters, a man who not only got away with faking His Majesty's coins (a crime that the law equated with treason), but was trying to take over the Mint itself. But Chaloner had no idea who he was taking on. Newton pursued his enemy with the cold, implacable logic that he brought to his scientific research. Set against the backdrop of early eighteenth-century London with its sewers running down the middle of the streets, its fetid rivers, its packed houses, smoke and fog, its industries and its great port, this dark tale of obsession and revenge transforms our image of Britain's greatest scientist.




Newton’s Apple and Other Myths about Science


Book Description

A Guardian “Favourite Reads—as Chosen by Scientists” Selection “Tackles some of science’s most enduring misconceptions.” —Discover A falling apple inspired Isaac Newton’s insight into the law of gravity—or did it really? Among the many myths debunked in this refreshingly irreverent book are the idea that alchemy was a superstitious pursuit, that Darwin put off publishing his theory of evolution for fear of public reprisal, and that Gregor Mendel was ahead of his time as a pioneer of genetics. More recent myths about particle physics and Einstein’s theory of relativity are discredited too, and a number of dubious generalizations, like the notion that science and religion are antithetical, or that science can neatly be distinguished from pseudoscience, go under the microscope of history. Newton’s Apple and Other Myths about Science brushes away popular fictions and refutes the widespread belief that science advances when individual geniuses experience “Eureka!” moments and suddenly grasp what those around them could never imagine. “Delightful...thought-provoking...Every reader should find something to surprise them.” —Jim Endersby, Science “Better than just countering the myths, the book explains when they arose and why they stuck.” —The Guardian




Sir Fig Newton and the Science of Persistence


Book Description

From the Desk of Zoe Washington meets Ways to Make Sunshine in this “noteworthy” (Kirkus Reviews, starred review) middle grade novel about a determined young girl who must rely on her ingenuity and scientific know-how to save her beloved cat. Twelve-year-old Mira’s summer is looking pretty bleak. Her best friend Thomas just moved a billion and one miles away from Florida to Washington, DC. Her dad is job searching and he’s been super down lately. Her phone screen cracked after a home science experiment gone wrong. And of all people who could have moved into Thomas’s old house down the street, Mira gets stuck with Tamika Smith, her know-it-all nemesis who’s kept Mira in second place at the school science fair four years running. Mira’s beloved cat, Sir Fig Newton, has been the most stable thing in her life lately, but now he seems off, too. With her phone gone and no internet over the weekend at her strict Gran’s house, Mira must research Fig’s symptoms the old-fashioned way: at the library. She determines that he has “the silent cat killer” diabetes. A visit to the vet confirms her diagnosis, but that one appointment stretched family funds to the limit—they’ll never be able to afford cat insulin shots. When Mira’s parents tell her they may have to give Fig up to people who can afford his treatment, Mira insists she can earn the $2,000 needed within a month. Armed with ingenuity, determination, and one surprising ally, can Mira save her best (four-legged) friend before it’s too late?




Isaac Newton


Book Description

Isaac Newton's monumental work is unparalleled in the history of scientific thought. In seventeenth century England, he developed three laws of motion that, combined with his principle of universal gravitation, explained the elemental forces of the universe. His experiments in optics revolutionized our understanding of the nature of light. To better explain his discoveries, he created a new method of mathematics, which today we call calculus. His genius has shaped our perception of the universe we inhabit. Perhaps the most profound scientific thinker ever to live, Isaac Newton was also a complex, quarrelsome, and private man, who was as devoted to theology and the ancient art of alchemy as he was to science. Isaac Newton: Organizing the Universe brings this intriguing man and his provocative ideas to life for a new generation of readers. Book jacket.




Selling Science in the Age of Newton


Book Description

At the time of Isaac Newton's rising popularity following the publication of his Principia (1687), this examination of how London newspaper advertisements (1687 to 1727) enticed consumers to purchase science related products, helps us understand science and the environment in which it developed. In an age when the production of scientific knowledge increasingly relied upon multiple sales, rather than the endorsement of a single wealthy patron, marketing was the key to success.




The Life of Isaac Newton


Book Description

Isaac Newton was indisputably one of the greatest scientists in history. His achievements in mathematics and physics marked the culmination of the movement that brought modern science into being. Richard Westfall's biography captures in engaging detail both his private life and scientific career, presenting a complex picture of Newton the man, and as scientist, philosopher, theologian, alchemist, public figure, President of the Royal Society, and Warden of the Royal Mint. An abridged version of his magisterial study Never at Rest (Cambridge, 1980), this concise biography makes Westfall's highly acclaimed portrait of Newton newly accessible to general readers.




Great Minds


Book Description

Great Minds: Isaac Newton, Nikola Tesla, and Albert Einstein Founders of the Scientific Age The last four hundred years have been some of the most incredible years in human history. From the 17th century to the 21st century, humans went from being almost universally agrarian with sailing vessels, muskets, and astrolabes being the most cutting edge technology on the planet to an era where the world is almost universally industrial or post-industrial with airplanes, cars, spaceships, computers, widespread electricity, enormous power from coal, oil, and nuclear power, and the ability to produce much more food than was ever possible before the Industrial Revolution. This book describes the lives and ideas of three of the minds who made this transition possible: Isaac Newton, Nikola Tesla, and Albert Einstein. What was it about these men that allowed them to change the world with their ideas how the universe and technology worked? In this book you will learn about how these three men were able to turn their respective worlds upside-down with their unconventional thinking, thirst for knowledge, far-reaching vision for the world, and their shear genius. They all had rather different personalities but what unites them is that they all wanted to know how the world really worked were able to train their minds to accomplish that goal. It wasn't easy for any of them and they all lived in relative isolation developing their ideas and inventions while often receiving opposition from the existing scientific, political, and cultural establishment, but in so doing they were able to transform our understanding of universe and society in a way that led to the birth of the modern scientific age. The Modern World is indebted to these men for good or ill.




Genius Or Madman?


Book Description

Presents the life and accomplishments of the seventeenth-century British physicist, discussing his early life; failure at farming; work on optics, calculus, alchemy, and gravity; rivals; and nervous breakdown.