Small and Medium Enterprises, Law and Business


Book Description

The law plays an ambiguous role in running business. While legal tools can be used to tame uncertainties, for example, by concluding contracts to safeguard enforcement of future claims, they can also generate uncertainty. These secondary uncertainties like ones stemming from vague rights and obligations may be counterbalanced by using different resources and strategies, including acting informally, modifying business plans or accepting the losses from unpaid dues. This book discusses how small and medium enterprises use the law, abstain from using the law, and use alternative pathways to manage business uncertainties. Examining these topics through the lenses of an extensive qualitative and quantitative empirical study on justiciable issues, access to justice and legal uncertainty among SMEs in Poland, it implements and expands upon the paradigmatic paths to justice methodology which has been successfully used to study conflict resolution, access to justice and utilisation of the law by individuals in more than 30 jurisdictions. It argues that the grand promise of modern law - that it is a certainty-providing, neutral and democratic device to resolve problems and conflicts - is not fully delivered. It reveals how the conditions of a freshly developed capitalism combined with the rule of law backsliding contribute to universal, structural problems with access to justice meaning that accessing justice is a resource-hungry process, which incentivises small businesses to settle for their legal problems and engage in informal and alternative strategies.




Competition Law, Regulation and SMEs in the Asia-Pacific


Book Description

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) account for more than 90 per cent of all businesses in the Asia-Pacific region — an area which is rapidly updating its competition laws and regulations to encourage greater entrepreneurship and open, dynamic economies. Yet SMEs are almost invisible when those competition policies and laws are developed and enforced. SMEs are often quite different businesses than large, multinational corporations, but their nature, significance and characteristics are often overlooked. This book seeks to rectify the relative neglect in research and policy discussions on the role of the SME sector in competition policy and law. Drawing on contributions from a wide range of competition regulators, lawyers, academics, consultants and advisers to the SME sector, it addresses such important issues as: - perceptions and views of small businesses about competition law; - regulator engagement and education of the SME sector; - the link between competition law and economic growth; - franchising, SMEs and competition law; - issues in enforcing competition law against SMEs; - the role of Chinese family firms; - trade, professional and industry associations; - country case studies from Vietnam, Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia, China, South Korea, Hong Kong SAR, Japan and the Pacific Islands. "This book is an important step in remedying the gaps in our knowledge and policy of this important area." -- Dr Alan Bollard, Executive Director, APEC Secretariat




Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in International Economic Law


Book Description

International economic law, with its traditional focus on large multinational enterprises, is only slowly waking up to the new reality of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), entering the global marketplace. In the wake of the digital revolution, smaller companies now play an important role in the global economic landscape. In 2015 the UN expressly called for SMEs to have greater access to international trade and investment, and it is increasingly recognized that the integration of SMEs provides one of the keys to creating a more sustainable and inclusive global economy. As SMEs increasingly permeate transnational supply chains, so interactions between these companies and international economic law and policy proliferate. Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in International Economic Law offers the first comprehensive analysis of the interaction between SMEs and international economic law. This book presents a broad international perspective, gathering together contributions by leading experts from academia, legal practice, and international organizations. It opens up a field of enquiry into this so far unexplored dynamic and provide a touchstone for future debate. The analysis covers a broad spectrum of international trade and investment law focusing on issues of particular interest to SMEs, such as trade in services, government procurement, and trade facilitation. Diverse perspectives illuminate regional developments (in particular within the EU) and the implications of mega-regional free trade agreements. The essays also examine questions of legitimacy of global economic governance; in particular, concerns surrounding the threat posed to the interests of domestic SMEs by the growing liberalization of international trade and investment. These essays constitute essential reading for practitioners and academics seeking to navigate a previously neglected trend in international economic law.




The Position of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in European Contract Law


Book Description

The position of small and medium-sized enterprises in European contract law: an introduction / Marco B.M. Loos and Ilse Samoy -- SMEs in the Common European Sales Law / Fernando Dias Simões -- Can the Common European Sales Law do without the definition of an SME? / Sonja Kruisinga -- A consumer law for professionals : radical innovation or consolidation of national practices? / Pieter Brulez -- The CESL and its unfair terms protection for SMEs / Josse Klijnsma -- Unfair terms in contracts between businesses. A comparative overview in light of the Common European Sales Law / Sander Van Loock -- Harmonisation of rules on business-to-business marketing practices: a critical analysis of the MCAD Report / Bert Kiersbilck




Small and Medium Enterprises


Book Description

"This book provides a comprehensive collection of research on current technological developments and organizational perspectives on the scale of small and medium enterprises"--Provided by publisher.




Small and Medium Enterprises Across the Globe


Book Description

This paper describes a new cross-country database on the importance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). This database is unique in that it presents consistent and comparable information on the contribution of the SME sector to total employment and GDP across different countries. The dataset improves on existing publicly available datasets on several grounds. First, it extends coverage to a broader set of developing and industrial economies. Second, it provides information on the contribution of the SME sector using a uniform definition of SMEs across different countries, allowing for consistent cross-country comparisons. Third, while we follow the traditional definition of the SME sector as being part of the formal sector, the new database also includes the size of the SME sector relative to the informal sector. This paper describes the sources and the construction of the different indicators, presents descriptive statistics, and explores correlations with other socioeconomic variables. This paper--a product of Finance, Development Research Group--is part of a larger effort in the group to study SME-related issues.




Entrepreneurship & Small Business Management in the Hospitality Industry


Book Description

• Explores both entrepreneurial theory and practice applied to the tourism and hospitality industry, by investigating some key theoretical concepts and grounding them in practical real life scenarios; • Moves back and forth between strategy and operations to illustrate the link between the two areas and explain how both perspectives are necessary for entrepreneurial success; • Creates an enthusiasm about the field by not only discussing some of the major challenges and opportunities but by providing the knowledge and skills required to start a small business and drastically improve the chances of sustaining it successfully.







Household Enterprises in Vietnam


Book Description

Two-fifths of the household enterprises that operated in Vietnam in 1993 were still in business in 1998, after five years of rapid economic growth. Constrained by lack of education, credit, and effective demand in poor areas, and squeezed by the lure of wage labor in rich areas, household enterprises are most prominent when agriculture is declining in importance but before the formal sector becomes established.