Solar Hydrogen Production


Book Description

Solar Hydrogen Production: Processes, Systems and Technologies presents the most recent developments in solar-driven hydrogen generation methods. The book covers different hydrogen production routes, from renewable sources, to solar harvesting technologies. Sections focus on solar energy, presenting the main thermal and electrical technologies suitable for possible integration into solar-based hydrogen production systems and present a thorough examination of solar hydrogen technologies, ranging from solar-driven water electrolysis and solar thermal methods, to photo-catalytic and biological processes. All hydrogen-based technologies are covered, including data regarding the state-of-the art of each process in terms of costs, efficiency, measured parameters, experimental analyses, and demonstration projects. In the last part of the book, the role of hydrogen in the integration of renewable sources in electric grids, transportation sector, and end-user applications is assessed, considering their current status and future perspectives. The book includes performance data, tables, models and references to available standards. It is thus a key-resource for engineering researchers and scientists, in both academic and industrial contexts, involved in designing, planning and developing solar hydrogen systems. - Offers a comprehensive overview of conventional and advanced solar hydrogen technologies, including simulation models, cost figures, R&D projects, demonstration projects, test standards, and safety and handling issues - Encompasses, in a single volume, information on solar energy and hydrogen systems - Includes detailed economic data on each technology for feasibility assessment of different systems




Solar Hydrogen Generation


Book Description

Given the backdrop of intense interest and widespread discussion on the prospects of a hydrogen energy economy, this book aims to provide an authoritative and up-to-date scientific account of hydrogen generation using solar energy and renewable sources such as water. While the technological and economic aspects of solar hydrogen generation are evolving, the scientific principles underlying various solar-assisted water splitting schemes already have a firm footing. This book aims to expose a broad-based audience to these principles. This book spans the disciplines of solar energy conversion, electrochemistry, photochemistry, photoelectrochemistry, materials chemistry, device physics/engineering, and biology.




Solar Based Hydrogen Production Systems


Book Description

This book provides a comprehensive analysis of various solar based hydrogen production systems. The book covers first-law (energy based) and second-law (exergy based) efficiencies and provides a comprehensive understanding of their implications. It will help minimize the widespread misuse of efficiencies among students and researchers in energy field by using an intuitive and unified approach for defining efficiencies. The book gives a clear understanding of the sustainability and environmental impact analysis of the above systems. The book will be particularly useful for a clear understanding of second law (exergy) efficiencies for various systems. It may serve as a reference book to the researchers in energy field. The definitions and concepts developed in the book will be explained through illustrative examples.




Solar Hydrogen


Book Description

With reference to many examples as well as to new technologies, written by experts in the field, this accessible book provides insight into a crucial technology and numerous color pictures contribute to the book's readability.




Solar Hydrogen Generation: Transition Metal Oxides in Water Photoelectrolysis


Book Description

State-of-the-art renewable energy science research and applications Solar Hydrogen Generation: Transition Metal Oxides in Water Photoelectrolysis provides expert techniques for extracting hydrogen from water using transition metal oxides as catalysts. The basic processes of electrochemistry and photocatalysis for hydrogen production are described along with photocatalytic reactions and semiconductor photocatalysts, particularly metal oxides. This in-depth guide illustrates the corresponding crystal structure vs. electronic structure and optical properties vs. light absorption of transition metal oxides. Impurity and doped photocatalysts, integrated organic and inorganic systems, surface and interface chemistry, and nanostructure and morphology in photocatalysis applications are all addressed. This comprehensive resource introduces soft x-ray absorption (XAS), soft x-ray emission spectroscopy (XES), and resonant inelastic soft x-ray scattering (RIXS), followed by a description of instrumentation. COVERAGE INCLUDES: * Hydrogen generation: electrochemistry and photoelectrolysis * Photocatalytic reactions, oxidation, and reduction * Transition metal oxides * Crystal structure and electronic structure * Optical properties and light absorption * Impurity, dopants, and defects * Surface and morphology * Soft x-ray spectroscopy and electronic structure




Assessment of Hydrogen Energy for Sustainable Development


Book Description

Fossil fuel prices continue to rise and, at the same time, environmental policies are demanding a reduction in greenhouse gases and toxic emissions. A coherent energy strategy is needed: one that addresses both energy supply and demand and takes into account the whole energy lifecycle, from fuel production to the end-users of energy systems. This book examines hydrogen energy technologies and infrastructure development.




On Solar Hydrogen and Nanotechnology


Book Description

More energy from the sun strikes Earth in an hour than is consumed by humans in an entire year. Efficiently harnessing solar power for sustainable generation of hydrogen requires low-cost, purpose-built, functional materials combined with inexpensive large-scale manufacturing methods. These issues are comprehensively addressed in On Solar Hydrogen & Nanotechnology – an authoritative, interdisciplinary source of fundamental and applied knowledge in all areas related to solar hydrogen. Written by leading experts, the book emphasizes state-of-the-art materials and characterization techniques as well as the impact of nanotechnology on this cutting edge field. Addresses the current status and prospects of solar hydrogen, including major achievements, performance benchmarks, technological limitations, and crucial remaining challenges Covers the latest advances in fundamental understanding and development in photocatalytic reactions, semiconductor nanostructures and heterostructures, quantum confinement effects, device fabrication, modeling, simulation, and characterization techniques as they pertain to solar generation of hydrogen Assesses and establishes the present and future role of solar hydrogen in the hydrogen economy Contains numerous graphics to illustrate concepts, techniques, and research results On Solar Hydrogen & Nanotechnology is an essential reference for materials scientists, physical and inorganic chemists, electrochemists, physicists, and engineers carrying out research on solar energy, photocatalysis, or semiconducting nanomaterials, both in academia and industry. It is also an invaluable resource for graduate students and postdoctoral researchers as well as business professionals and consultants with an interest in renewable energy.




Renewable Hydrogen Production


Book Description

Renewable Hydrogen Production provides a comprehensive analysis of renewable energy-based hydrogen production. Through simulation analysis and experimental investigations, the book provides fundamentals, compares existing hydrogen production applications, discusses novel technologies, and offers insights into the future directions of this rapidly evolving industry. This all-in-one resource on how to produce clean hydrogen production to enhance energy efficiency and support sustainable development will appeal to a wide variety of industries and professionals. - Addresses the production of clean hydrogen from the major sources of renewable energy, including wind, solar, geothermal, hydro, biomass and marine energy - Presents information from simulations and experimental analyses - Offers insights into the future of renewable hydrogen production




Hydrogen Generation, Storage and Utilization


Book Description

The potential use of hydrogen as a clean and renewable fuel resource has generated significant attention in recent years, especially given the rapidly increasing demand for energy sources and the dwindling availability of fossil fuels. Hydrogen is an “ideal fuel” in several ways. Its only byproduct of consumption is water; it is the most abundant element in the universe; and it is available at low cost. Hydrogen generation is possible via a number of possible chemical processes, to separate the hydrogen from its bond with atoms such as carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen. In this book, the authors provide the scientific foundations for established and innovative methods of hydrogen extraction; outline solutions for its storage; and illustrate its applications in the fields of petroleum, chemical, metallurgical, physics, and manufacturing. Addresses the three fundamental aspects of hydrogen as a fuel resource: generation, storage, and utilization Provides theoretical basis for the chemical processes required for hydrogen generation, including solar, photoelectrochemical, thermochemical, and fermentation methods Discusses storage of hydrogen based on metal hydrides, hydrocarbons, high pressure compression, and cryogenics Examines the applications of hydrogen utilization in the fields of petroleum, chemical, metallurgical, physics, and manufacturing Contains over 90 figures, including 27 color figures




Solar-Hydrogen Energy Systems


Book Description

Solar-Hydrogen Energy Systems is a collection of papers that discusses the advancements in the research of alternative energy technologies that utilizes solar-hydrogen energy systems. The text first introduces the concept of solar-hydrogen energy system, and then proceeds to covering the technical topics in the subsequent chapters. The next chapters talks about the thermodynamics of water-splitting and water electrolysis. Next, the selection details direct thermal decomposition of water. The selection also discusses different processes to produce hydrogen, such as thermochemical, photochemical, and biochemical. The ninth chapter talks about solar energy storage by metal hydride, and the last chapter deals with direct solar energy conversion at sea. The book will be of great interest to scientists, engineers, and technicians involved in the research, development, and implementation of alternative energy technology.