Book Description

Initial results of a continuing study to analyze and summarize the acoustically significant characteristics of the vertical sound-speed structure in the Indian Ocean are presented for purposes of acoustic model inputs and future exercise planning in the region. Data displays cover the western Indian Ocean west of 75 degrees E and north of 20 degrees S. Hydrocast data with computed sound speeds at standard depths provide the basic information to define areas of the Indian Ocean that are reasonably homogeneous with regard to sound-speed properties and can be summarized by a single profile for each season. Seasonal data presentations of bottom conjugate depth (the shallow conjugate of the bottom sound speed) and depth excess (water depth below the deep conjugate of the near-surface sound-speed maximum) indicate the primarily bottom-limited situation in the western Indian Ocean and identify the restricted areas of the Somali Basin with convergence-zone propagation potential. The upper-layer characteristics of layer depth, in-layer gradient, and below-layer gradient are displayed seasonally in contour format based on sound-speed-converted BT and XBT temperature data. Emphasis is placed on the significant effects of the seasonal monsoons, and in particular the strong SW Monsoon, on the near-surface structure. Results based on the two data sources are presented separately and some comparisons are made.