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Stem Cells in Birth Defects Research and Developmental Toxicology

Author : Theodore P. Rasmussen

Publisher : John Wiley & Sons

Page : 384 pages

File Size : 22,62 MB

Release : 2018-05-08

Category : Science

ISBN : 1119283213

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Book Description

This book contains material contributed by forward-looking scientists who work at the interface of stem cell research and applied science with the aim to improve human fetal safety and the understanding of human developmental and degenerative disorders. Provides important platforms and contemporary accounts of the state of stem cell research in the fields of toxicology and teratology Considers both in vitro uses of stem cells as platforms for teratology and also stem cellopathies, which are in vivo developmental and degenerative disorders Helps the pharmaceutical industry and safety and environmental authorities validate the status quo of in vitro toxicity test systems based on human pluripotent stem cells and their derivatives



Biologic Markers in Reproductive Toxicology

Author : National Research Council

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 424 pages

File Size : 31,37 MB

Release : 1989-02-01

Category : Social Science

ISBN : 9780309039796

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Book Description

Does exposure to environmental toxicants inhibit our ability to have healthy children who develop normally? Biologic markersâ€"indicators that can tell us when environmental factors have caused a change at the cellular or biochemical level that might affect reproductive abilityâ€"are a promising tool for research aimed at answering that important question. Biologic Markers in Reproductive Toxicology examines the potential of these markers in environmental health studies; clarifies definitions, underlying concepts, and possible applications; and shows the benefits to be gained from their use in reproductive and neurodevelopmental research.



Teratogenic Mechanisms

Author : T.V.N. Persaud

Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media

Page : 240 pages

File Size : 11,78 MB

Release : 2012-12-06

Category : Science

ISBN : 9401159106

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Book Description

The study of birth defects has assumed an importance even greater now than in the past because mortality rates attributed to congenital anomalies have declined far less than those for other causes of death, such as infectious and nutritional diseases. It is estimated that as many as 50% of all pregnancies terminate as miscarriages. In the majority of cases this is the result of faulty development. Major congenital malformations are found in at least 2% of all liveborn infants, and 22% of all stillbirths and infant deaths are associated with severe congenital anomalies. Teratological studies of an experimental nature are neither ethical nor justifiable in humans. Numerous investigations have been carried out in laboratory animals and other experimental models in order to improve our understanding of abnormal intra-uterine development. In less than two decades the field of experimental teratology has advanced phenomenally. As a result of the wide range of information that is now accumulating, it has become possible to obtain an insight into the causes, mechanisms and prevention of birth defects. However, considerable work will be needed before these problems can be resolved. This book brings together some of the more recent and important research findings related to the mechanisms and pathogenesis of abnormal develop ment. It is not only a documentation of the latest experimental work, but it also points out future directions that seem productive and challenging.



Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment

Author : National Research Council

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 348 pages

File Size : 27,93 MB

Release : 2000-12-21

Category : Nature

ISBN : 0309070864

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Book Description

Scientific Frontiers in Developmental Toxicology and Risk Assessment reviews advances made during the last 10-15 years in fields such as developmental biology, molecular biology, and genetics. It describes a novel approach for how these advances might be used in combination with existing methodologies to further the understanding of mechanisms of developmental toxicity, to improve the assessment of chemicals for their ability to cause developmental toxicity, and to improve risk assessment for developmental defects. For example, based on the recent advances, even the smallest, simplest laboratory animals such as the fruit fly, roundworm, and zebrafish might be able to serve as developmental toxicological models for human biological systems. Use of such organisms might allow for rapid and inexpensive testing of large numbers of chemicals for their potential to cause developmental toxicity; presently, there are little or no developmental toxicity data available for the majority of natural and manufactured chemicals in use. This new approach to developmental toxicology and risk assessment will require simultaneous research on several fronts by experts from multiple scientific disciplines, including developmental toxicologists, developmental biologists, geneticists, epidemiologists, and biostatisticians.



Stem Cells and the Future of Regenerative Medicine

Author : Institute of Medicine

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 112 pages

File Size : 41,86 MB

Release : 2002-01-25

Category : Science

ISBN : 0309170427

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Book Description

Recent scientific breakthroughs, celebrity patient advocates, and conflicting religious beliefs have come together to bring the state of stem cell researchâ€"specifically embryonic stem cell researchâ€"into the political crosshairs. President Bush's watershed policy statement allows federal funding for embryonic stem cell research but only on a limited number of stem cell lines. Millions of Americans could be affected by the continuing political debate among policymakers and the public. Stem Cells and the Future of Regenerative Medicine provides a deeper exploration of the biological, ethical, and funding questions prompted by the therapeutic potential of undifferentiated human cells. In terms accessible to lay readers, the book summarizes what we know about adult and embryonic stem cells and discusses how to go about the transition from mouse studies to research that has therapeutic implications for people. Perhaps most important, Stem Cells and the Future of Regenerative Medicine also provides an overview of the moral and ethical problems that arise from the use of embryonic stem cells. This timely book compares the impact of public and private research funding and discusses approaches to appropriate research oversight. Based on the insights of leading scientists, ethicists, and other authorities, the book offers authoritative recommendations regarding the use of existing stem cell lines versus new lines in research, the important role of the federal government in this field of research, and other fundamental issues.



Handbook of Developmental Neurotoxicology

Author : William Slikker Jr.

Publisher : Academic Press

Page : 618 pages

File Size : 40,99 MB

Release : 2018-01-04

Category : Science

ISBN : 0128093943

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Book Description

Handbook of Developmental Neurotoxicology, Second Edition, provides a comprehensive view of the fundamental aspects of neurodevelopment, the pathways and agents that affect them, relevant clinical syndromes, and risk assessment procedures for developmental neurotoxicants. The editors and chapter authors are internationally recognized experts whose collaboration heralds a remarkable advance in the field, bridging developmental neuroscience with the principles of neurotoxicology. The book features eight new chapters with newly recruited authors, making it an essential text for students and professionals in toxicology, neurotoxicology, developmental biology, pharmacology, and neuroscience. - Presents a comprehensive, up-to-date resource on developmental neurotoxicology with updated chapters from the first edition - Contains new chapters that focus on subjects recent to the field - Includes well-illustrated material, with diagrams, charts, and tables - Contains compelling case studies and chapters written by world experts



Drugs for Pregnant and Lactating Women E-Book

Author : Carl P. Weiner

Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences

Page : 1043 pages

File Size : 38,93 MB

Release : 2018-10-17

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0323508707

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Book Description

Logically organized and easy to use, Drugs for Pregnant and Lactating Women, 3rd Edition, is your #1 resource for details on how virtually all of today's drugs and herbal supplements interact with pregnancy and lactation. More than just a dosing manual, this unique title by Dr. Carl P. Weiner fully explains whether each drug is FDA-approved for use by expecting or nursing mothers, is known to be safe for use, or is known to pose a danger. With up-to-date coverage of nearly 2,000 substances, it provides the thorough details you need to choose the most effective course of treatment. - Uses a consistent, easy-to-follow format for each substance: generic and trade name • class • indications • mechanism of action • dosage, with contraindications and cautions • maternal considerations • fetal considerations • drug interactions • breastfeeding safety • references • and summary information. - Describes over-the-counter drugs and alternative medications as well as prescription drugs. - Uses an eye-catching icon to highlight known teratogens. - Includes international drug names to give this reference a global perspective. - Features new letter thumb tabs for easier navigation. - Includes dozens of new drugs and thorough updates throughout. - Expert Consult eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, images, videos (including video updates), glossary, and references from the book on a variety of devices.



Drinking Water and Health,

Author : National Research Council

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 476 pages

File Size : 46,46 MB

Release : 1986-02-01

Category : Nature

ISBN : 0309036879

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Book Description

The most recent volume in the Drinking Water and Health series contains the results of a two-part study on the toxicity of drinking water contaminants. The first part examines current practices in risk assessment, identifies new noncancerous toxic responses to chemicals found in drinking water, and discusses the use of pharmacokinetic data to estimate the delivered dose and response. The second part of the book provides risk assessments for 14 specific compounds, 9 presented here for the first time.



A Comprehensive Guide to Toxicology in Nonclinical Drug Development

Author : Ali S. Faqi

Publisher : Academic Press

Page : 988 pages

File Size : 26,17 MB

Release : 2016-11-03

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0128036214

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Book Description

A Comprehensive Guide to Toxicology in Nonclinical Drug Development, Second Edition, is a valuable reference designed to provide a complete understanding of all aspects of nonclinical toxicology in the development of small molecules and biologics. This updated edition has been reorganized and expanded to include important topics such as stem cells in nonclinical toxicology, inhalation and dermal toxicology, pitfalls in drug development, biomarkers in toxicology, and more. Thoroughly updated to reflect the latest scientific advances and with increased coverage of international regulatory guidelines, this second edition is an essential and practical resource for all toxicologists involved in nonclinical testing in industry, academic, and regulatory settings. - Provides unique content that is not always covered together in one comprehensive resource, including chapters on stem cells, abuse liability, biomarkers, inhalation toxicology, biostatistics, and more - Updated with the latest international guidelines for nonclinical toxicology in both small and large molecules - Incorporates practical examples in order to illustrate day-to-day activities and the expectations associated with working in nonclinical toxicology



Reducing Birth Defects

Author : Institute of Medicine

Publisher : National Academies Press

Page : 270 pages

File Size : 33,68 MB

Release : 2003-10-27

Category : Medical

ISBN : 0309166837

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Book Description

Each year more than 4 million children are born with birth defects. This book highlights the unprecedented opportunity to improve the lives of children and families in developing countries by preventing some birth defects and reducing the consequences of others. A number of developing countries with more comprehensive health care systems are making significant progress in the prevention and care of birth defects. In many other developing countries, however, policymakers have limited knowledge of the negative impact of birth defects and are largely unaware of the affordable and effective interventions available to reduce the impact of certain conditions. Reducing Birth Defects: Meeting the Challenge in the Developing World includes descriptions of successful programs and presents a plan of action to address critical gaps in the understanding, prevention, and treatment of birth defects in developing countries. This study also recommends capacity building, priority research, and institutional and global efforts to reduce the incidence and impact of birth defects in developing countries.