Structure/Function Analysis of the Amino-Terminal Domain of the Androgen Receptor


Book Description

"This is a Ph.D. dissertation. The amino-terminal domain (NTD) of the androgen receptor (AR) is indispensable for AR transactivation and contains a strong activation function 1. Its activity is affected by coregulators that influence a number of functional properties of AR. The NTD of the AR is 529 aa long and is a complex domain with several functions, namely p160 recruitment, interaction with the LBD, and it contains two transactivation functions Tau-1 And Tau-5. The aim of this study was to obtain a more detailed structure-function analysis of the NTD of the AR. Contents include: Introduction, N/C Interaction in AR-mediated Transactivation, Polyglutamine Stretch, SUMOylation of the AR, Activation Function of the hAR, Discussion, Summary and conclusions, Future Prospects."










Protein Interaction with the N-Terminus of the Androgen Receptor


Book Description

The goal of this project is to identify proteins that bind to the N-terminal region of the human androgen receptor (hAR). This region is characterized by a series of CAG repeats that is variable in length in different individuals. The scope of this research is the following: 1) to identify N- terminal binding proteins using a yeast two-hybrid system, 2) to confirm the interaction of the candidate proteins with hAR in mammalian cells, 3) to investigate differential binding of these proteins to hAR with varied numbers of CAG repeats, and 4) to examine resultant levels of gene transcription by the different length hAR molecules. Our hypothesis is that unique proteins bind preferentially to hAR proteins with longer CAG repeats, negatively regulating their transcription. Bait plasmids were constructed for the yeast two-hybrid system which contain only the DNA fragment corresponding to the N-terminal 90 amino acids plus Gln repeats of two different lengths (27 and 17). Using the longer sequence as bait, a prostate cDNA library was screened and four positive clones were identified. It is our anticipation that this research will lead to new approaches to abrogate the activity of the androgen receptor in patients with prostate cancer.







Hormone Receptors: Structures and Functions


Book Description

Hormone Receptors: Structures and Functions, Volume 123 in the Vitamins and Hormones series, highlights new advances in the field with this new volume presenting interesting chapters written by an international board of authors. - Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors - Presents the latest release in the Vitamins and Hormones series - Updated release includes the latest information on Hormone Receptors




Endocrinology of the Testis and Male Reproduction


Book Description

This book provides a comprehensive overview of endocrinology of the male reproductive system, explaining how it works and how, sometimes, it fails to work. World-class specialists present state of the art knowledge on all aspects, including anatomy, physiology, molecular biology, genetics, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations of testicular diseases, endocrine aspects of andrological and sexual diseases, and therapy. Extensive consideration is given to sexual development, testicular function, the clinical approach to disorders of male reproduction, male hypogonadism, sexual dysfunction, and male infertility. In addition, sociodemographic, psychological, and ethical aspects of male reproductive disorders are discussed. The book is intended as a major reference for endocrinologists, andrologists, and sexologists, as well as basic and clinical scientists. It is published as part of the SpringerReference program, which delivers access to living editions constantly updated through a dynamic peer-review publishing process.




Androgen Action


Book Description

Androgens play a critical role in the development and maintenance of the male reproductive system and affect important physiological processes and pathological conditions, including the homeostasis of the normal prostate and prostate cancer. Androgen Action: Methods and Protocols is designed to provide a tool box to study various phases of androgen action, from its entry to the cell to the phenotypic response that the cell mounts, with up-to-date techniques for biochemists, molecular biologists, cell biologists, geneticists, and pathologists. The volume opens with a brief review of the research history on androgen action and prostate carcinogenesis, followed by chapters that cover state-of-the-art methods to determine androgen levels in biological tissues and fluids, experimental procedures to study the various aspects of androgen receptor activity, and methodology to study salient examples of interactions between androgen signalling and other major signalling pathways in cells. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and easily accessible, Androgen Action: Methods and Protocols provides a comprehensive overview of, and practical guidance on, the diverse methodologies that are propelling androgen action research forward, both for normal physiology as well as in disease states.




The Nuclear Receptor Superfamily


Book Description

Acting principally to control patterns of gene expression, nuclear receptors play vital roles during embryonic development and in the regulation of metabolic and reproductive functions in adult life, which proves this superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors to be a crucial part of biological life. In The Nuclear Receptor Superfamily: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers describe a range of molecular, structural and cell biological techniques currently used to investigate the structure-function of nuclear receptors, together with experimental approaches that may lead to new therapeutic strategies for treating nuclear receptor-associated diseases. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, the chapters in this volume contain brief introductions to the topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, as well as notes from the experts to highlight tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting-edge and easy to use, The Nuclear Receptor Superfamily: Methods and Protocols provides beneficial and time-saving guidance for all those undertaking research in this ever-growing field of study.