Structure/Function Analysis of the Amino-Terminal Domain of the Androgen Receptor


Book Description

"This is a Ph.D. dissertation. The amino-terminal domain (NTD) of the androgen receptor (AR) is indispensable for AR transactivation and contains a strong activation function 1. Its activity is affected by coregulators that influence a number of functional properties of AR. The NTD of the AR is 529 aa long and is a complex domain with several functions, namely p160 recruitment, interaction with the LBD, and it contains two transactivation functions Tau-1 And Tau-5. The aim of this study was to obtain a more detailed structure-function analysis of the NTD of the AR. Contents include: Introduction, N/C Interaction in AR-mediated Transactivation, Polyglutamine Stretch, SUMOylation of the AR, Activation Function of the hAR, Discussion, Summary and conclusions, Future Prospects."




Nuclear Hormone Receptors


Book Description

An overview of the supergene family made up of those nuclear hormone receptors which recognize thyroid and steroid hormones, vitamen D and retinoic acid and which are characterized by their ability to bind both ligands and the genes which respond to them.




Androgen Action


Book Description

Androgens play a critical role in the development and maintenance of the male reproductive system and affect important physiological processes and pathological conditions, including the homeostasis of the normal prostate and prostate cancer. Androgen Action: Methods and Protocols is designed to provide a tool box to study various phases of androgen action, from its entry to the cell to the phenotypic response that the cell mounts, with up-to-date techniques for biochemists, molecular biologists, cell biologists, geneticists, and pathologists. The volume opens with a brief review of the research history on androgen action and prostate carcinogenesis, followed by chapters that cover state-of-the-art methods to determine androgen levels in biological tissues and fluids, experimental procedures to study the various aspects of androgen receptor activity, and methodology to study salient examples of interactions between androgen signalling and other major signalling pathways in cells. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and easily accessible, Androgen Action: Methods and Protocols provides a comprehensive overview of, and practical guidance on, the diverse methodologies that are propelling androgen action research forward, both for normal physiology as well as in disease states.




Endocrinology of the Testis and Male Reproduction


Book Description

This book provides a comprehensive overview of endocrinology of the male reproductive system, explaining how it works and how, sometimes, it fails to work. World-class specialists present state of the art knowledge on all aspects, including anatomy, physiology, molecular biology, genetics, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations of testicular diseases, endocrine aspects of andrological and sexual diseases, and therapy. Extensive consideration is given to sexual development, testicular function, the clinical approach to disorders of male reproduction, male hypogonadism, sexual dysfunction, and male infertility. In addition, sociodemographic, psychological, and ethical aspects of male reproductive disorders are discussed. The book is intended as a major reference for endocrinologists, andrologists, and sexologists, as well as basic and clinical scientists. It is published as part of the SpringerReference program, which delivers access to living editions constantly updated through a dynamic peer-review publishing process.




Genetics of Human Infertility


Book Description

Infertility affects more than one in ten couples worldwide and is related to highly heterogeneous pathologies sometimes only discernible in the germ line. Its complex etiology often, but not always, includes genetic factors besides anatomical defects, immunological interference, and environmental aspects. Nearly 30% of infertility cases are probably caused only by genetic defects. Thereby experimental animal knockout models convincingly show that infertility can be caused by single or multiple gene defects. Translating those basic research findings into clinical studies is challenging, leaving genetic causes for the vast majority of infertility patients unexplained. Nevertheless, a large number of candidate genes have been revealed by sophisticated molecular methods. This book provides a comprehensive overview on the subject of infertility written by the leading authorities in this field. It covers topics including basic biological, cytological, and molecular studies, as well as common and uncommon syndromes. It is a must-read for human geneticists, endocrinologists, epidemiologists, zoologists, and counsellors in human genetics, infertility, and assisted reproduction.










NIPP1, an Interactor of Protein Phosphatase-1, Displays Endoribonuclease and Transcriptional Repression Activities


Book Description

"This is a Ph.D. dissertation. This thesis deals with the eukaryotic protein NIPP1 (Nuclear Inhibitor of Protein Phosphate-1), which was initially described by the host laboratory in 1992 and still is the major focus of its research efforts. The first part of the introduction describes our current insights into the structure and function of NIPP1, with the exception of aspects that directly deal with this doctoral project. For reasons of clarity, the data are presented in a logical manner, which implies that they are not necessarily presented according to their order of discovery. In the final sections of the introduction, a brief overview will be given of the state of the art of the `structure and function of ribonucleases' and `transcriptional repression mechanisms,' two topics that directly related to this research project. Contents include: Introduction, The Structure and Function of NIPP1, The Structure and Function of Ribonucleases, Transcriptional Repression in Eukaryotes, Aims and Strategies, Materials and Methods, Results and Discussions, Mapping of the RNA-binding and Endoribonuclease Domain of NIPP1, Screening for Proteins that Interact with the C-Terminal domain of NIPP1."




Genomic and Biochemical Characterisation of the B'/PR61 Regulatory Subunit Family of Protein Phosphatase 2A


Book Description

"This is a Ph.D. dissertation. Reversible protein phosphorylation has become widely recognized as the most important reaction for the regulation of protein functioning in eukaryotic cells, being involved in switching cellular activities from one state to another and, in this way, regulating different cellular functions. It is the major mechanism by which cells respond to extracellular signals, such as hormones and growth factors, and control all events at various stages of the cell cycle, as well as the response of the cell to environmental and nutritional stresses. As much as one-third of cellular proteins have been estimated to undergo reversible protein phosphorylation, underlining the importance, and widespread occurrence of this modification. Contents include: General Introduction, Protein Phosphates, Multimetric Structure of PP2A, PP2A as a Kinase Phosphate, Aims of the Work, Materials and Methods, Results, B'/PR61-Interacting Proteins, Discussion."




A Rational Approach to Pedal Cyclist Head Protection


Book Description

"This is a Ph.D. dissertation. In western countries, head injury is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. While traumatic injuries are the leading cause of death under the age of 45 years, up to half of the trauma deaths and the majority of cases of permanent disability are directly related to a sustained head injury. In the U.S. an estimated 1.5 million people sustain head injury each year. As a result of these injuries, 50,000 people die, 230,000 people are hospitalized and survive and an estimated 80,000 - 90,000 people experience long-term disability. Contents include: Introduction, Aims of the Study, Analysis of Bicycle Accidents and the Resultant Head Injuries in a Study of 86 cases, Investigations on the Mechanics of Skull and Brain Injuries, Investigation of Bicycle Safety Helmet Performance in Impact Testing, General Discussion and Perspectives."