Handbook of Sugar Refining


Book Description

This book provides a reference work on the design and operation of cane sugar manufacturing facilities. It covers cane sugar decolorization, filtration, evaporation and crystallization, centrifugation, drying, and packaging,




Manufacture and Refining of Raw Cane Sugar


Book Description

Manufacture and Refining of Raw Cane Sugar provides an operating manual to the workers in cane raw sugar factories and refineries. While there are many excellent reference and text books written by prominent authors, there is none that tell briefly to the superintendent of fabrication the best and simplest procedures in sugar production. This book is not meant to replace existing books treating sugar production, but rather to supplement them. All that is written in this book, each chapter of which deals with a separate station in a raw sugar factory and refinery, is also based on material already published and known to many in the sugar industry. The book is organized into two parts. Part I covers raw sugar and includes chapters on the harvesting and transportation of sugar cane to the factory; washing of sugar cane and juice extraction; weighing of cane juice; boiling of raw sugar massecuites; and storing and shipping bulk sugar. Part II on refining deals with processes such as clarification and treatment of refinery melt; filtration; and drying, cooling, conditioning, and bulk handling of refined sugar.




Sweetness and Power


Book Description

A fascinating persuasive history of how sugar has shaped the world, from European colonies to our modern diets In this eye-opening study, Sidney Mintz shows how Europeans and Americans transformed sugar from a rare foreign luxury to a commonplace necessity of modern life, and how it changed the history of capitalism and industry. He discusses the production and consumption of sugar, and reveals how closely interwoven are sugar's origins as a "slave" crop grown in Europe's tropical colonies with is use first as an extravagant luxury for the aristocracy, then as a staple of the diet of the new industrial proletariat. Finally, he considers how sugar has altered work patterns, eating habits, and our diet in modern times. "Like sugar, Mintz is persuasive, and his detailed history is a real treat." -San Francisco Chronicle




Environmental Impacts of Sugar Production


Book Description

This book contains 8 chapters on the environmental impact of the cultivation and processing of sugarcane and sugarbeet. The chapters are entitled: (1) background; (2) overview; (3) water consumption; (4) impacts on water quality and aquatic ecosystems; (5) impacts on terrestrial biodiversity; (6) impacts on soils; (7) atmospheric impacts; and (8) use and impacts of byproducts. This book will be of significant interest to policymakers, industry practitioners and researchers in sugar, crop, soil, water and environmental sciences.




Sugar


Book Description

A variety of analytical techniques have been developed to determine the content of sugars in honey, such as spectroscopic, chromatographic, and electrochemical ones. In this collection, the authors present the cross-section of results on sugar composition, obtained by contemporary analytical methods used in honey authentication. The following chapter addresses how sago fronds can be used to produce sugar, which contains cellobiose and glucose as the main sugars at about 10 g/L and 5 g/L, respectively. SFS has been used as the complete fermentation medium for the production of L-lactic acid using L. lactis IO-1 without the need for further amendment. Next, the authors address the impact of processing on the physicochemical characteristics and elemental composition of brown sugar produced in Brazil. 15 brown sugar samples of 5 distinct brands in 3 different were evaluated, and the moisture contents of the samples were determined by Karl Fischer titration, and thermogravimetric analysis determined the melting point. The typical process of producing solid sugar from sugarcane and mapping by-products and residues that are generated at each stage is presented. By-products are characterized and the technologies prominent in energy reuse are addressed. Recent studies, applications, trends, challenges and constraints for the future use of sucrose and sucrochemistry derivatives are also discussed. This represents a diversification-promising productive concept of green organic chemistry, based on an accessible, low-priced, ecological and renewable source, which stands in the short and long terms as the best opportunity to compete economically with petrochemicals. In addition, several factors related to the sustainability production of sugar as a raw material, that include innovative production processes, natural and artificial substitute sweeteners, geopolitics, medical research and new end uses are discussed. The concluding work seeks to examine the changes in the properties of elastomeric compounds as a consequence of conventional additives such as zinc oxide and stearic acid by sugar cane bagasse, a green option for obtaining environmentally friendly elastomeric compounds.




Fat Chance


Book Description

New York Times Bestseller Robert Lustig’s 90-minute YouTube video “Sugar: The Bitter Truth”, has been viewed more than three million times. Now, in this much anticipated book, he documents the science and the politics that has led to the pandemic of chronic disease over the last 30 years. In the late 1970s when the government mandated we get the fat out of our food, the food industry responded by pouring more sugar in. The result has been a perfect storm, disastrously altering our biochemistry and driving our eating habits out of our control. To help us lose weight and recover our health, Lustig presents personal strategies to readjust the key hormones that regulate hunger, reward, and stress; and societal strategies to improve the health of the next generation. Compelling, controversial, and completely based in science, Fat Chance debunks the widely held notion to prove “a calorie is NOT a calorie”, and takes that science to its logical conclusion to improve health worldwide.




Unit Operations in Cane Sugar Production


Book Description

An indispensable, practical guide for everyone involved in the processing of sugar cane. Confined to essentials, the book is a compact and concise delineation of the unit processes in the manufacture of raw sugar from sugar cane, giving recommended procedures for achieving optimum results.




The Complete Book on Sugarcane Processing and By-Products of Molasses (with Analysis of Sugar, Syrup and Molasses)


Book Description

Sugarcane grows in all tropical and subtropical countries. Sucrose as a commercial product is produced in many forms worldwide. Sugar was first manufactured from sugarcane in India, and its manufacture has spread from there throughout the world. The manufacture of sugar for human consumption has been characterized from time immemorial by the transformation of the collected juice of sugar bearing plants, after some kind of purification of the juice, to a concentrated solid or semi solid product that could be packed, kept in containers and which had a high degree of keep ability. The efficiency with which juice can be extracted from the cane is limited by the technology used. Sugarcane processing is focused on the production of cane sugar (sucrose) from sugarcane. The yield of sugar & Jaggery from sugar cane depends mostly on the quality of the cane and the efficiency of the extraction of juice. Other products of the processing include bagasse, molasses, and filter cake. Sugarcane is known to be a heavy consumer of synthetic fertilizers, irrigation water, micronutrients and organic carbon. Molasses is produced in two forms: inedible for humans (blackstrap) or as edible syrup. Blackstrap molasses is used primarily as an animal feed additive but also is used to produce ethanol, compressed yeast, citric acid, and rum. Edible molasses syrups are often blended with maple syrup, invert sugars, or corn syrup. Cleanliness is vital to the whole process of sugar manufacturing. The biological software is an important biotechnical input in sugarcane cultivation. The use of these products will encourage organic farming and sustainable agriculture. The book comprehensively deals with the manufacture of sugar from sugarcane and its by-products (Ethyl Alcohol, Ethyl Acetate, Acetic Anhydride, By Product of Alcohol, Press mud and Sugar Alcohols), together with the description of machinery, analysis of sugar syrup, molasses and many more. Some of the fundamentals of the book are improvement of sugar cane cultivation, manufacture of Gur (Jaggery), cane sugar refining: decolourization with absorbent, crystallization of juice, exhaustibility of molasses, colour of sugar cane juice, analysis of the syrup, massecuites and molasses bagasse and its uses, microprocessor based electronic instrumentation and control system for modernisation of the sugar industry, etc. Research scholars, professional students, scientists, new entrepreneurs, sugar technologists and present manufacturers will find valuable educational material and wider knowledge of the subject in this book. Comprehensive in scope, the book provides solutions that are directly applicable to the manufacturing technology of sugar from sugarcane plant. 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Advances in Cereals Processing Technologies


Book Description

The present book presents its reader with comprehensive knowledge related to cereals processing. It is imperative to have sound knowledge of food laws and regulations with an Indian perspective as these play a pivotal role in commercializing food products as well as fresh produce, which are aptly covered in this book. It includes recent trends in technology of cereals based products, technological updates in legumes and pulses based convenience/processed foods, various aspects of evolution of bakery and confectionery technology and technological evaluation of milling. Since age's process of fermentation was employed for preserving the cereals based food by using general and specified micro flora and micro fauna, the science and technology involved is well explained in the chapter titled 'Fermented Food Based on Cereal and Pulses.' The most important quality attributes related to cereals processing are rheological and thermal changes which occur when extrinsic factors such as moisture and temperature are ebbed and flowed. This subject was sensibly covered under 'Rheological and Thermal Changes Occurring During Processing.' Sugarcane and the sugar industry have the largest contribution to the industrial development. Various unit operations and technology involved are explained as recent updates in sugar, honey, jaggery and salt processing. Shelf life stability of the products with respect to various chemical parameters attributed to the oxidative changes in processed foods is also aptly covered. Note: T&F does not sell or distribute the hardback in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. This title is co-published with NIPA.