Author : R. Douglas
Publisher : Springer
Page : 187 pages
File Size : 37,54 MB
Release : 1999-06-25
Category : History
ISBN : 023037526X
The amount collected in taxation, the items which have been taxed, and the classes of people on whom the tax burden has fallen, have all changed greatly in the period from the Restoration to the present. This book considers how and why these changes took place, and some of the consequences which have flowed from them.
Author : Roy Douglas
Publisher : Palgrave Macmillan
Page : 174 pages
File Size : 15,87 MB
Release : 1999
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780312222178
"The total volume of taxation is certainly related largely to what the taxpayer thinks is worth paying for, and how much he or she is prepared to pay. Both of these items have changed enormously over three and a half centuries, but there is a good deal more to it than that. The growth of taxation has not been regular throughout the period. Patterns in taxation change may be discerned. In particular, wars have always resulted in taxation increases, and when the war is finished taxation never settles down to a level as low as it had been before the war began. This book seeks to understand and explain the reasons for these changing patterns, and should be of interest to the general reader, as well as the historian or economist."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Author : Piroska E. Soos
Publisher :
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 35,55 MB
Release : 1997
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN :
The Origins of Taxation at Source in England examines taxation at source in England over a period of 300 years, beginning in 1512 (when the first instance of taxation at source was found) & ending in 1803 (with the income tax introduced by Henry Addington, Prime Minister & Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1801-1804). The book presents a comprehensive account of taxation at source during the above period of time and, in doing so, corrects the existing view on the origins of taxation at source in England (which holds that taxation at source was introduced by the income tax of 1803 & credits Addington with adapting ideas from old taxes). Information in the book is divided into chapters, as follows: * Chapter I - Introduction * Chapter II - The Concepts of Taxation at Source & Withholding at Source * Chapter III - Lay & Clerical Subsidies & the Annual Tenth, 1512 to 1642 * Chapter IV - Weekly & Monthly Assessments, 1642 to 1660 * Chapter V - Direct Taxation under the later Stuarts, 1660 to 1714 * Chapter VI - Direct Taxation in the 18th Century, 1714 to 1798 * Chapter VII - Income Tax, 1798 to 1803 * Chapter VIII - Conclusion The Origins of Taxation at Source in England concludes that taxation at source originated much earlier than has currently been recognized - & has been more widely used than previously known. The book demonstrates that most major forms of direct taxation during the 16th, 17th & 18th centuries contained taxation at source, & that its use increased with the passage of time. The Origins of Taxation at Source in England shows that by the time Addington introduced the income tax of 1803, the tradition of taxation at source had long been established, & that its application in the income tax was a continuation of past practice.
Author : Bartolomé Yun-Casalilla
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 495 pages
File Size : 50,28 MB
Release : 2012-05-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1107013518
Leading economic historians present a groundbreaking series of country case studies exploring the formation of fiscal states in Eurasia.
Author : Richard Murphy
Publisher : Random House
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 30,32 MB
Release : 2015-10-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1473525330
'A brief but crucially important book' Marcus Chown In The Joy of Tax, tax campaigner Richard Murphy challenges almost every idea you have about tax. For him, tax is fundamentally about the ideas that shape the sort of society we want to live in, not technicalities. His intention is to demonstrate that there is indeed a joy in tax, and by embracing it we can create a fairer society and change the world for the better. Tax has been a feature of human society for a very long time. Almost no one gives tax a good press even though, as Richard Murphy argues, it has been fundamental to the development of democracy the world over. Whilst we may not like tax very much, in contrast it is clear that we really do like the public services which governments provide. So much so, in fact, that for most of the last 300 years, people have been more than happy for governments to run deficits by spending more than they raise in taxation. 2008 apparently changed all that. The issues of debt, deficits, cuts and austerity have dominated the political agenda ever since. Virtually every aspect of the government's finances and how to rearrange them in the forlorn hope of balancing the books has been discussed in great detail. Despite that, there has been almost no real discussion during this period about what tax is for and how it contributes to the creation of the society we aspire to.
Author : Stephen Dowell
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 1705 pages
File Size : 38,7 MB
Release : 2013-11-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 113456919X
First published in 1965. This is four volumes in one text on Taxes and Taxation from the earliest times to the present day. The first volume looks at the history of taxation and tax in England, then Volume II the taxation period from the Civil War to the present day, volume II concerns itself with direct taxes and stamp duties; and finally Volume IV concludes with taxes on articles of consumption.
Author : D'Maris Coffman
Publisher : Springer
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 16,58 MB
Release : 2013-10-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1137371552
This book offers a wholesale reinterpretation of both the introduction of excise taxation in Great Britain in the 1640s and the genesis of the Financial Revolution of the 1690s. By analysing hitherto unpublished manuscript and print sources, D'Maris Coffman resolves divergent accounts of these constitutionally problematic but fiscally significant new taxes. Parliament's success at imposing on a deeply divided kingdom an extra-legal species of indirect taxation, which hitherto had been a constitutional anathema and a political impossibility, remains one of the most striking features of the period. A fresh reading of William Petty's Treatise on Taxes illustrates the development of an indigenous discourse in defence of the tax state. By highlighting the importance of fiscal innovation during the Civil Wars and Interregnum for the development of the fiscal state in Britain, this study challenges 'stylised facts' about the economic significance of 1688/89. The final chapter delivers new insight into why the eighteenth-century British public accepted both unprecedented levels of government borrowing and one of the heaviest tax burdens in Western Europe. Coffman reveals how a 'new financial history,' rooted in closely contextualised studies, can contribute to current debates about sustainable levels of taxation and to fundamental questions of economic theory.
Author : Simon Sherratt
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 42,23 MB
Release : 2020-10-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1000214087
This book reveals the surprising role that credit, money created ex nihilo by financiers, played in raising the British government’s war loans between 1793 and 1815. Using often overlooked contemporary objections to the National Debt a startling paradox is revealed as it is shown how the government’s ostensible creditors had, in fact, very little "real" money to lend and were instead often reliant for their own solvency upon the very government they were lending to. By following the careers of unsuccessful loan-contractors, who went bankrupt lending to the government, to the triumphant career of the House of Rothschild; who successfully "exported" the British system of war-financing abroad with the coming of peace, the symbiotic relationship that existed between the British government and their ostensible creditors is revealed. Also highlighted is the power granted to the (technically bankrupt) Bank of England over credit and the money supply, an unprecedented and highly influential development that filled many contemporaries with horror. This is a tale of bankruptcy, stock market manipulation, bribery and institutional corruption that continues to exert its influence today and will be of interest to anyone interested in government financing, debt and the origins of modern finance.
Author : John V. C. Nye
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 174 pages
File Size : 31,38 MB
Release : 2018-06-26
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0691190496
In War, Wine, and Taxes, John Nye debunks the myth that Britain was a free-trade nation during and after the industrial revolution, by revealing how the British used tariffs—notably on French wine—as a mercantilist tool to politically weaken France and to respond to pressure from local brewers and others. The book reveals that Britain did not transform smoothly from a mercantilist state in the eighteenth century to a bastion of free trade in the late nineteenth. This boldly revisionist account gives the first satisfactory explanation of Britain's transformation from a minor power to the dominant nation in Europe. It also shows how Britain and France negotiated the critical trade treaty of 1860 that opened wide the European markets in the decades before World War I. Going back to the seventeenth century and examining the peculiar history of Anglo-French military and commercial rivalry, Nye helps us understand why the British drink beer not wine, why the Portuguese sold liquor almost exclusively to Britain, and how liberal, eighteenth-century Britain managed to raise taxes at an unprecedented rate—with government revenues growing five times faster than the gross national product. War, Wine, and Taxes stands in stark contrast to standard interpretations of the role tariffs played in the economic development of Britain and France, and sheds valuable new light on the joint role of commercial and fiscal policy in the rise of the modern state.
Author : Troy Bickham
Publisher : Reaktion Books
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 38,76 MB
Release : 2020-04-13
Category : History
ISBN : 1789142458
When students gathered in a London coffeehouse and smoked tobacco; when Yorkshire women sipped sugar-infused tea; or when a Glasgow family ate a bowl of Indian curry, were they aware of the mechanisms of imperial rule and trade that made such goods readily available? In Eating the Empire, Troy Bickham unfolds the extraordinary role that food played in shaping Britain during the long eighteenth century (circa 1660–1837), when such foreign goods as coffee, tea, and sugar went from rare luxuries to some of the most ubiquitous commodities in Britain—reaching even the poorest and remotest of households. Bickham reveals how trade in the empire’s edibles underpinned the emerging consumer economy, fomenting the rise of modern retailing, visual advertising, and consumer credit, and, via taxes, financed the military and civil bureaucracy that secured, governed, and spread the British Empire.
