Teaching Swimming to a Student with Autism Spectrum Disorder


Book Description

Acquiring aquatic and swimming competency provides a healthy physical activity and an important lifesaving skill for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Individuals with ASD often struggle with auditory directions, a primary means of teaching swimming. Research suggests that the implementation of visual aids during instruction provides concrete communication between the instructor and student and improves the student's ability to master new skills. A single subject research study was conducted during a 12-lesson swim program with an 8-year-old boy in order to test whether visual supports enhanced his ability to acquire swimming skills. The results of the study indicated that the use of visual aids during instruction helped the student gain a higher percentage of new aquatic skills than during lessons utilizing traditional instructional methods. The findings of this study are significant because swim lesson instructors and swim coaches may help swimmers with ASD advance their swimming abilities using similar types of prompts. Swimming provides an obtainable sport for the ASD community and helps decrease stereotypical behaviors associated with ASD. Moreover, the more proficient a child with ASD becomes at swimming, the less likely they are to drown. This study discusses the implications visual supports have on the swimming community, in addition to its implications on pedagogy for children with ASD in other extracurricular activities. Keywords :swimming, aquatic play, ASD, visual supports, visual aids, pedagogy.




Swimming with Autism


Book Description




Exploring the Experiences of Coaching Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Canadian Aquatic Programs


Book Description

Teaching children how to swim provides them with the necessary skills to maintain a physically active lifestyle. Many children with an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) diagnosis have shown interest in participating in swimming lessons. Studies have demonstrated that teaching students with ASD how to swim has aided in their motor performance (Yanardag, Nurgil, & Akmanoglu, 2013), their ability to initiate social interactions with peers (Chu & Pan, 2012) and a reduction in stereotypical behaviours associated with ASD (Vonder Hulls, Walker, & Powell, 2006). In order to meet the needs of this unique group of students, swim instructors take part in a variety of training programs amongst other experiences to effectively prepare themselves to teach their students with ASD. This study consists of three individual case studies designed to examine the journeys that swim instructors have taken in order to effectively coach students with ASD how to swim, along with encouraging motor skill development, social interactions and reducing stereotypical behaviours. Two research questions guide this study: What are the experiences of swim instructors who work with children with ASD? What are the practical teaching strategies in swimming lessons that are effective for social skill development, reducing stereotypical behaviours and motor skill development in children with ASD? The findings of this study which focus on strategies of effective practice include: gestural communication, positive practice, contact communication, complexities of choice, and encouraging independence and confidence. Along with these findings, the instructors credit the following sources for their construction of knowledge: peer learning and mentorship, parental/caregiver support, and the value of certification and training. It is clear that instructors access a number of sources for their coaching development, but current swim instructor certification programs require revisions to increase instructor preparedness. This study contributes to current literature which focuses on coaching individuals with developmental disabilities. The findings may provide coaches with insight into strategies of effective practice for a more inclusive and equitable community.




Supporting Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Recreation


Book Description

This book was written to assist recreation service providers, parents and families, to understand strategies for supporting individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in community and school recreation programs. It has extensive practical advice on programs, with specific advice for teachers, recreation service providers, Certified Therapeutic Recreation Specialists, physical education teachers, parents and everyone else who work with people with ASD.







Teaching Students with Autism Spectrum Disorders


Book Description

Createan appropriate learning environment to help children with ASD develop...




Evidence-Based Practices for Supporting Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder


Book Description

This book provides resources for the identification, selection, implementation, and evaluation of evidence-based practices to promote positive outcomes for learners with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) across the lifespan and to enhance their quality of life. The decision-making process for identifying and selecting evidence-based practices to address the academic, behavioral, and social needs of this population of learners is discussed, followed by a systematic description of the implementation and evaluation of evidence-based practices within the context of ongoing assessment and data-based decision making. The authors present evidence-based training models for solving the common dilemmas of selecting, implementing, and evaluating evidence-based practices. Finally, the book underlines the importance of developing collaborative partnerships with families and other professionals to better address the needs of learners with autism spectrum disorder.




Effect of a Swim-based Parent Training Program on a Parent's Use of Evidence-based Strategies with Her Child with Autism


Book Description

Community participation, particularly in leisure/recreational activities such as swimming, can improve quality of life for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, youth with ASD generally participate in fewer leisure activities than those without ASD. Although previous studies have demonstrated the benefits of parent training interventions and swim programs for children with ASD, there is a lack of research examining the effectiveness of using parents as intervention agents to teach swim skills to their children with ASD. In this single-case study, the researcher delivered an individual parent training program to the mother of a child with ASD to investigate its effects on the parent's use of evidence-based instructional strategies (positive reinforcement, prompting, modeling, social stories), child compliance, and child swim skill acquisition. Results indicated that the swim intervention had a strong effect on the parent's use of 3 of 4 strategies, child compliance, and child swim skill acquisition. Additionally, results were maintained for at least 6 months post-intervention and the parent was able to generalize the instructional strategies to a novel, skill-based activity. In terms of social validity, the parent rated the intervention as acceptable, feasible, and effective. These findings contribute to the limited literature on parent-implemented interventions to teach leisure skills to children with ASD and to the nonexistent research on using parents as intervention agents in swim studies with this population.




Assessments and Activities for Teaching Swimming


Book Description

Swimming is a widely popular sport and activity with great health-related fitness benefits. Yet, a significant percentage of children are unable to swim with any degree of skill—meaning not only are they missing out on health benefits, but they also are at risk when in water. Part of that risk comes from receiving either no instruction or no differentiated instruction. Children receiving swimming lessons are commonly grouped by age or grade, and many lack the basic skills required for their age levels. Assessments and Activities for Teaching Swimming solves this problem by offering differentiated instruction for every participant in your class or program, based on each participant’s aquatic developmental level. Through this illustrated book, you will be able to • use an assessment tool to evaluate the initial skill level of every participant, • place each participant in the appropriate level, and • teach skills through fun activities and monitor each participant’s skill acquisition along the way. Assessments and Activities for Teaching Swimming will help you accommodate nearly all of your participants’ abilities. With the six-level tool you will be able to assess initial aquatic performance levels for children with and without disabilities and provide appropriate activities to help participants develop their skills. The book is presented in two parts. Part I offers teaching strategies to help you maximize the aquatic experience for swimmers with and without disabilities. It also guides you in selecting the assessment and activity level so that you can provide a fun and successful experience for all swimmers. Part II lays out six distinct levels, from developing and building on initial skills to learning and refining specific strokes. Some skills are introduced early on and then repeated in a more difficult form at a later level. The final level focuses on longer-distance swimming, flip turns, competitive swimming, and prerequisite skills for lifeguard training. These six levels, along with the assessment instruments, accommodate most participants’ abilities. You’ll find the assessment instruments and activities very easy to use. Even those who have not been trained as instructors or teachers can implement the activities regardless of the swimmers’ levels. Assessments and Activities for Teaching Swimming can help all participants take part in safe, fun aquatic activities that will improve their health-related fitness and well-being.