Technical Choice Innovation and Economic Growth


Book Description

Monograph on historical experiences of technological change, Innovation and economic growth in the USA and the UK during the 1800's - covers agricultural mechanization, industrial development and infrastructure change, etc. Bibliography pp. 315 to 324, graphs, references and statistical tables.







The British Industrial Revolution


Book Description

The Industrial Revolution remains a defining moment in the economic history of the modern world. But what kind and how much of a revolution was it? And what kind of ?moment? could it have been? These are just some of the larger questions among the many that economic historians continue to debate. Addressing the various interpretations and assumptions that have been attached to the concept of the Industrial Revolution, Joel Mokyr and his four distinguished contributors present and defend their views on essential aspects of the Industrial Revolution. In this revised edition, all chapters?including Mokyr's extensive introductory survey and evaluation of research in this field?are updated to consider arguments and findings advanced since the volume's initial 1993 publication. Like its predecessor, the revised edition of The British Industrial Revolution is an essential book for economic historians and, indeed, for any historian of Great Britain in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.




General Purpose Technologies and Economic Growth


Book Description

Traditionally, economists have considered the accumulation of conventional inputs such as labour and capital to be the primary force behind economic growth. In the late-1990s however, many economists place technological progress at the centre of the growth process. This shift is due to theoretical developments that allow researchers to link microeconomic outcomes.




New Perspectives on Economic Growth and Technological Innovation


Book Description

A Brookings Institution Press and British-North American Committee publication Two hundred years ago, the first Industrial Revolution sparked a dramatic acceleration in the quantity of goods and services available to the average citizen--a trend of steadily increasing real income per capita that continues to this day. Since that time, economists have struggled to develop systematic explanations for what caused the sudden, rapid increase, why the economy keeps growing, and why the rate of growth varies in different time periods and nations. In this book, F. M. Scherer traces the evolution of economic growth theory from the Industrial Revolution to the present. Emphasizing technological change as the most crucial dynamic force for growth, Scherer analyzes early hypotheses that paid little attention to new technologies, follows the emergence of theories that increasingly emphasized technological change, and reviews the current state of economic growth theory. Pointing out a lack of solid microbehavioral foundations to support contemporary "new growth" ideas, Scherer then supplies some foundational "bricks" concerning financial investment and human capital, and concludes by exploring the prospects for sustaining rapid growth into the next century.




The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity Revisited


Book Description

This volume offers contributions to questions relating to the economics of innovation and technological change. Central to the development of new technologies are institutional environments and among the topics discussed are the roles played by universities and the ways in which the allocation of funds affects innovation.




The Long-Wave Debate


Book Description

The proceedings reflect the state-of-the-art of long-term fluctuations in economic growth as well as discussing promising areas of research in this field. The unique combination of participants from East and West (including the People's Republic of China) is a guarantee for wide coverage and unusual insights. The problems treated range from the identification of long-term fluctuations in developing and developed countries in both East and West to their relationship to important economic variables (profit, prices, money supply). Particular attention is focused on structural changes and the role of technological development in the light of the long-term fluctuation concept. It is interesting to follow the treatment of this issue by scientists with different orientations. The role of financial and monetary variables is also analyzed by leading researchers in the field.




The Cambridge History of Capitalism


Book Description

The first volume of The Cambridge History of Capitalism provides a comprehensive account of the evolution of capitalism from its earliest beginnings. Starting with its distant origins in ancient Babylon, successive chapters trace progression up to the 'Promised Land' of capitalism in America. Adopting a wide geographical coverage and comparative perspective, the international team of authors discuss the contributions of Greek, Roman, and Asian civilizations to the development of capitalism, as well as the Chinese, Indian and Arab empires. They determine what features of modern capitalism were present at each time and place, and why the various precursors of capitalism did not survive. Looking at the eventual success of medieval Europe and the examples of city-states in northern Italy and the Low Countries, the authors address how British mercantilism led to European imitations and American successes, and ultimately, how capitalism became global.




Evaluating Applied Research


Book Description

The issue of how to achieve value for money from government-funded R&D has over recent years become increasingly important in all industrial nations. The findings of a study which surveys the methods and techniques used to evaluate applied research in Japan are presented. Their analysis determines what lessons can be learned from the approaches to evaluation employed in the main Japanese mission-oriented agencies, in particular MITI and the Science and Technology Agency. First published in 1988, this title is part of the Bloomsbury Academic Collections series.




Innovation, Economic Development and Policy


Book Description

This authoritative and enlightening book focuses on fundamental questions such as what is innovation, who is it relevant for, what are the effects, and what is the role of (innovation) policy in supporting innovation-diffusion? The first two sections present a comprehensive overview of our current knowledge on the phenomenon and analyse how this knowledge (and the scholarly community underpinning it) has evolved towards its present state. The third part explores the role of innovation for growth and development, while section four is concerned with the national innovation system and the role of (innovation) policy in influencing its dynamics and responding to the important challenges facing contemporary societies.