The Border Health Authority


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International Health Regulations (2005)


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In response to the call of the 48th World Health Assembly for a substantial revision of the International Health Regulations, this new edition of the Regulations will enter into force on June 15, 2007. The purpose and scope of the Regulations are "to prevent, protect against, control and provide a public health response to the international spread of disease in ways that are commensurate with and restricted to public health risks, and which avoid unnecessary interference with international traffic and trade." The Regulations also cover certificates applicable to international travel and transport, and requirements for international ports, airports and ground crossings.




The Provision of Cross-border Health Services for Wales


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Given the divergence in health policy between England and Wales, and the significant number of patients who cross the border for treatment, the Welsh Affairs Committee examined the interface between the two systems and the effectiveness of co-ordination between the Department for Health and the Welsh Assembly Government. It wanted to discover whether cross-border patients are treated fairly and whether the Welsh Assembly Government and the Department of Health consider the border in the development of the diverging policy environment. The Committee was aware of significant confusion amongst patients, for example in knowing what they are entitled to receive from their health service and that cross-border providers were being disadvantaged by the need to cope with two separate funding and commissioning schemes. The Committee's interim report on this topic (HC 870, session 2007-08, ISBN 9780215521682) concluded that four key criteria should be established in cross-border health policy: clinical excellence as close to home as possible; border-proofing of policy and practice; cross-border citizen engagement; and transparent and accountable co-operation between localities, regions and governments. This report returns to these key criteria. The Committee is very disappointed that a protocol on cross-border health services has not been agreed, further evidence of a clear lack of co-ordination between the UK and Welsh Assembly governments and which leaves clinicians and administrators in a strained position and risks adversely affecting patients as a result of cross-border commissioning and funding problems. Better information for patients must be provided. The Committee finds the Department of Health's delay in responding to its interim report until some 6 months after publication to be unacceptable.




Meeting the Challenge


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Fevered Measures


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In Fevered Measures, John Mckiernan-González examines public health campaigns along the Texas-Mexico border between 1848 and 1942 and reveals the changing medical and political frameworks U.S. health authorities used when facing the threat of epidemic disease. The medical borders created by these officials changed with each contagion and sometimes varied from the existing national borders. Federal officers sought to distinguish Mexican citizens from U.S. citizens, a process troubled by the deeply interconnected nature of border communities. Mckiernan-González uncovers forgotten or ignored cases in which Mexicans, Mexican Americans, African Americans, and other groups were subject to—and sometimes agents of—quarantines, inspections, detentions, and forced-treatment regimens. These cases illustrate the ways that medical encounters shaped border identities before and after the Mexican Revolution. Mckiernan-González also maintains that the threat of disease provided a venue to destabilize identity at the border, enacted processes of racialization, and re-legitimized the power of U.S. policymakers. He demonstrates how this complex history continues to shape and frame contemporary perceptions of the Latino body today.