Author : Zijuan Zhang
Publisher :
Page : 794 pages
File Size : 28,16 MB
Release : 2012
Category : Cancer cells
ISBN :
Author : Elli Kohen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 442 pages
File Size : 42,50 MB
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 146155845X
Fluorescence is a very powerful tool for work at the frontier of cell biology, photobiology and bioinstrumentation. The stated aim of the workshop was to highlight the significance of fluorescence work for the understanding of cell and tissue physiology, physiopathology and pharmacology, particulary in terms of the analytical use of fluorescent probes in oncology. In the organization of the workshop a multidisciplinary approach was selected. The purpose of the Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) was to bring together researchers in the various disciplines of tissue optics, imaging, microspectrofluorometry and state of the art probes, in order to explore the full benefits that can be derived in biomedicine through the convergence of these approaches. When applied to in vivo and in situ studies, fluorescence and related optical methods enable us to explore within tissues, cells and organelles photon effects previously understood only in solution photochemistry. Processes which can be studied at the molecular level by photophysics, photochemistry and physical chemistry can be evaluated in living tissue by fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging at the intracellular level in terms of structure and function. Thus, fluorescence adds a new dimension to cell biology and physiology. This approach is now supported by a full and versatile, rapidly growing armamentarium of new selective probes for organelles, enzymes, cations, cytoskeleton and metabolic control.
Author : Joseph G Hirschberg
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 735 pages
File Size : 39,34 MB
Release : 2002-05-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 178326215X
This unique book provides a comprehensive description of fluorescence probes and the methodology for the study and diagnostics of oncology. The material is drawn directly from the work of pioneer researchers in cell biology and pathology, and offers a perspective of their most crucial investigations and lifetime experiences; it also opens new horizons on future developments in fundamental methods and diagnostics relevant to cellular physiopathology. Researchers in cell pathology have contributed a broad range of spectral and fluorescence images which most appropriately supplement the information derived from Virchow style microscope slides (these still remain valid after more than 150 years, and a considerable body of knowledge and interpretation can be built around them). The text contains about 100 colour pictures, adding great value to the book./a
Author :
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 26,61 MB
Release : 2017
Category :
ISBN :
Abstract : Carbohydrate transporters or GLUTs of the major facilitator superfamily (MFS) are responsible for transporting sugars into the cell and have been of research interest for decades. Disruptions, mutations, and over-activations of GLUTs have been linked to a number of major diseases including cancer, obesity, and diabetes. Differentiating between transporters is incredibly difficult due to highly conserved structures, and so specific targeting between transporters has proven a complex challenge. GLUTs are highly flexible in their conformations however exactly what will and will not pass through the transporter is ambiguous at best, and many attempt to target these transporters have failed. In an attempt to further understand GLUT5's transport capacity and specificity several probes were created by conjugating 1-amino-2,5-anhydro-D-mannitol with a number of fluorescent coumarins. These probes were then tested in cancer and normal breast cell lines to determine uptake mechanisms and transport specificity. To determine transport specificity probes were tested in the presence of competitive and non-competitive inhibitors. Probe analysis was carried out by evaluating the gained fluorescence of treated cells in a microplate setting and through confocal microscopy. Confocal imaging and Z-stack was utilized to understand the ability of the probe to pass into the cytosol or to remain in the cellular membrane. As a result, probes reflecting uptake capacity vs. membrane expression of the transporter were developed. The cumulative analysis of structure-uptake relationship for the developed probes gives insight into the capability of GLUT5 cargo transport and as well as a method for imaging GLUT5 in the cellular membrane.
Author : Ke Huang
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 32,44 MB
Release : 2022
Category : Enzymatic analysis
ISBN :
Cyclic ADR-Ribose Synthases (cADPRSs) are one of the NAD-consuming enzymes. It hydrolyzes and cyclizes NAD+ into ADPR and cADPR, which are both Ca2+ channel regulators. Since the activities of cADPRSs involves in multiple biological process, monitoring the activities of these enzymes can provide useful information for studying pathology of the diseases that are closely associated with these enzymes. In this thesis, we have designed and synthesized a series of small molecule probes which can undergo base exchange reaction with the nicotinamide group of NAD+ in the presence of CD38 or activated SARM1. A large red shift of emission wavelength occurred after the base exchange reaction, which provides a powerful tool for detecting activities of this class of enzymes. In the first project, these probes were applied to the detection of the activities of SARM1. Among the 23 probes prepared, PC6 and PC11 showed excellent sensitivity and selectivity in vitro. They are cell-permeant, yet the resulting exchange products are im-permeant, allowing imaging of activated SARM1 in live cells. PC6 has provided the first evidence that SARM1 activation precedes axon degeneration by several hours in live DRG neurons. Moreover, it was also applied in the library screening for SARM1 inhibitor. Dehydronitrosonisodipine (dHNN) was found to has the inhibition ability to SARM1 activation, which is also the first compound ever reported that can inhibit SARM1 activation. PC11 has better fluorescent properties than PC6. With larger absorption and emission wavelength, PC11 provided the first approach for imaging SARM1 activation in vivo. In the second project, we focused on the study of the catalytic mechanism of CD38. Based on the preliminary results of the theoretical studies, we proposed that CD38 catalyzed cyclization and hydrolysis of NAD+ may involve an epoxide intermediate. In this mechanistic study, we have employed our newly developed probe PC6, CD38 mutant and different model compounds. The results of this study strongly supported the hypothesis of an epoxide intermediate in CD38-catalyzed reactions.
Author : Raphael Marcel Franzini
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 21,95 MB
Release : 2010
Category :
ISBN :
Templated fluorescence activation is an elegant nucleic acid detection technique, which relies on a target-activated chemical reaction between two oligonucleotide probes, eliciting a fluorescence readout. This method reports on genetic markers in solution phase and in cells. The research described in this thesis was aimed to expand the reaction scope of templated fluorescence activation and to develop probes, which overcome shortcomings of previous designs. Examples of DNA template-mediated fluorogenic reactions developed during this project include an organomercury-induced cyclization of Rhodamine thiosemicarbazide and the deprotection of a 7-azidomethoxycoumarin profluorophore by a Staudinger reaction. The most promising probe design (Q-STAR probes) is based on the reductive cleavage of an [alpha]-azidoether quencher release linker conjugated to a fluorophored-labeled DNA. A triphenylphosphine DNA-probe rapidly activates Q-STAR probes in the presence of the matched DNA target strand, reporting its presence by a strong fluorescence turn-on signal. Q-STAR probes are inert to aqueous conditions and cellular components, properties that were suboptimal for previous probe designs. Q-STAR probes report the target with single nucleotide specificity and enable an amplified detection signal by harnessing the target as a catalyst for the templated reaction. Q-STAR probes efficiently detect the presence of rRNAs in bacteria and mammalian cells. The probes are responsive to single nucleotide differences, which allows discriminating bacteria species by genetic variations using fluorescence microscopy or flow cytometry. Similarly, rRNAs in mammalian cells generate a strong fluorescence turn-on signal for Q-STAR probes. Templated fluorescence activation schemes bear considerable promise for applications in clinical diagnostics and molecular biology. The probe designs described in this thesis, in particular Q-STAR probes, constitute a major advancement in the field and will help achieve these goals.
Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 11,94 MB
Release : 2021-05-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 0128235438
Fluorescent Probes, Volume 48 in the Methods in Microbiology series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on important topics, including Hydrogel microarray technology as a tool for clinical diagnostics, The use of probes and bacteriophages for bacteria detection, Probes used with point-of-care microfluidic devices for pathogen detection, Methods for combining FIB/SEM with three-dimensional fluorescence microscopy using CLEM approaches, Probes and Microbes, Microbial signatures associated with cancers, Fluorescent Aptamers for Detection and Treatment of Pathogenic Bacteria and Cancer, Labelled and Unlabeled Probes for Pathogen Detection with Molecular Biology Methods and Biosensors, and much more. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in the Methods in Microbiology series
Author : Oxana V. Kharissova
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 313 pages
File Size : 18,54 MB
Release : 2021-05-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 1839162724
All-carbon composites are carbon materials reinforced with other carbon materials, typically nanostructures such as carbon nanofibers or nanotubes. There are a large number of all-carbon materials, many of which demonstrate unique and useful sets of properties. Combining and hybridising different carbon materials and nanomaterials together also opens up a number of possibilities to fine-tune the materials for desirable combinations of these properties. All-carbon Composites and Hybrids provides a broad overview of these materials including discussions of synthesis, characterisation and the applications of a wide variety of all-carbon composite materials. This will be a useful volume for any researchers interested in carbon and nanotechnology.
Author : Shibin Li
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 293 pages
File Size : 33,25 MB
Release : 2014-01-07
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 3319027727
This book is a comprehensive introduction to nanoscale materials for sensor applications, with a focus on connecting the fundamental laws of physics and the chemistry of materials with device design. Nanoscale sensors can be used for a wide variety of applications, including the detection of gases, optical signals, and mechanical strain, and can meet the need to detect and quantify the presence of gaseous pollutants or other dangerous substances in the environment. Gas sensors have found various applications in our daily lives and in industry. Semiconductive oxides, including SnO2, ZnO, Fe2O3, and In2O3, are promising candidates for gas sensor applications. Carbon nanomaterials are becoming increasingly available as “off-the-shelf” components, and this makes nanotechnology more exciting and approachable than ever before. Nano-wire based field- effect transistor biosensors have also received much attention in recent years as a way to achieve ultra-sensitive and label-free sensing of molecules of biological interest. A diverse array of semiconductor-based nanostructures has been synthesized for use as a photoelectrochemical sensor or biosensor in the detection of low concentrations of analytes. A novel acoustic sensor for structural health monitoring (SHM) that utilizes lead zirconate titanate (PZT) nano- active fiber composites (NAFCs) is described as well.
Author : Bruce Alberts
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 28,48 MB
Release : 2002
Category : Cytology
ISBN : 9780815332183
