Ocean Surface Waves


Book Description

This book is intended as a handbook for professionals and researchers in the areas of Physical Oceanography, Ocean and Coastal Engineering and as a text for graduate students in these fields. It presents a comprehensive study on surface ocean waves induced by wind, including basic mathematical principles, physical description of the observed phenomena, practical forecasting techniques of various wave parameters and applications in ocean and coastal engineering, all from the probabilistic and spectral points of view. The book commences with a description of mechanisms of surface wave generation by wind and its modern modeling techniques. The stochastic and probabilistic terminology is introduced and the basic statistical and spectral properties of ocean waves are developed and discussed in detail. The bulk of material deals with the prediction techniques for waves in deep and coastal waters for simple and complex ocean basins and complex bathymetry. The various prediction methods, currently used in oceanography and ocean engineering, are described and the examples of practical calculations illustrate the basic text. An appendix provides a description of the modern methods of wave measurement, including the remote sensing techniques. Also the wave simulation methods and random data analysis techniques are discussed. In the book a lot of discoveries of the Russian and East European scientists, largely unknown in the Western literature due to the language barrier, are referred to.




Breaking and Dissipation of Ocean Surface Waves


Book Description

Wave breaking represents one of the most interesting and challenging problems for fluid mechanics and physical oceanography. Over the last fifteen years our understanding has undergone a dramatic leap forward, and wave breaking has emerged as a process whose physics is clarified and quantified. Ocean wave breaking plays the primary role in the air-sea exchange of momentum, mass and heat, and it is of significant importance for ocean remote sensing, coastal and ocean engineering, navigation and other practical applications. This book outlines the state of the art in our understanding of wave breaking and presents the main outstanding problems. It is a valuable resource for anyone interested in this topic, including researchers, modellers, forecasters, engineers and graduate students in physical oceanography, meteorology and ocean engineering.




Ocean Surface Waves: Their Physics And Prediction


Book Description

New Edition: Ocean Surface Waves: Their Physics and Prediction (3rd Edition)This book is intended as a handbook for professionals and researchers in the areas of Physical Oceanography, Ocean and Coastal Engineering and as a text for graduate students in these fields.It presents a comprehensive study on surface ocean waves induced by wind, including basic mathematical principles, physical description of the observed phenomena, practical forecasting techniques of various wave parameters and applications in ocean and coastal engineering, all from the probabilistic and spectral points of view.The book commences with a description of mechanisms of surface wave generation by wind and its modern modeling techniques. The stochastic and probabilistic terminology is introduced and the basic statistical and spectral properties of ocean waves are developed and discussed in detail.The bulk of material deals with the prediction techniques for waves in deep and coastal waters for simple and complex ocean basins and complex bathymetry. The various prediction methods, currently used in oceanography and ocean engineering, are described and the examples of practical calculations illustrate the basic text.An appendix provides a description of the modern methods of wave measurement, including the remote sensing techniques. Also the wave simulation methods and random data analysis techniques are discussed. In the book a lot of discoveries of the Russian and East European scientists, largely unknown in the Western literature due to the language barrier, are referred to.




The Applied Dynamics of Ocean Surface Waves


Book Description

The aim of this book is to present selected theoretical topics on ocean wave dynamics, including basic principles and applications in coastal and offshore engineering, all from the deterministic point of view. The bulk of the material deals with the linearized theory.




Ocean Surface Waves


Book Description

1. Introduction. 1.1. Waves in the ocean and their significance. 1.2. Basic assumptions on seawater and wave motion. 1.3. Methods of description of random waves -- 2. Interaction of wind and ocean waves. 2.1. Introduction. 2.2. Airflow over sea surface. 2.3. Similarity laws for wind-induced waves. 2.4. Wave energy balance in spectral form. 2.5. Generation of waves by wind -- 3. Spectral properties of ocean waves. 3.1. Introduction. 3.2. Frequency spectra of ocean waves. 3.3. Dispersion relation for ocean waves. 3.4. Directional spectral functions -- 4. Statistical properties of ocean waves. 4.1. Introduction. 4.2. Surface displacement. 4.3. Surface slopes. 4.4. Wave height. 4.5. Wave period. 4.6. Wave orbital velocities and pressure. 4.7. Wave group statistics. 4.8. Surface area of an ocean waves -- 5. Properties of breaking waves. 5.1. Introduction. 5.2. Wave breaking in deep water. 5.3. Wave breaking in shallow water -- 6. Prediction of waves in deep water. 6.1. Introduction. 6.2. Basic wave processes in deep water. 6.3. Wave prediction models -- 7. Prediction of waves in shallow water. 7.1. Introduction. 7.2. Basic wave processes in shallow water. 7.3. Wave prediction models -- 8. Freak waves. 8.1. Introduction. 8.2. Freak wave oboccurrence of freak waves. 8.4. Freak wave generation -- 9. Tsunami. 9.1. Introduction. 9.2. Tsunami generation due to earthquake. 9.3. Tsunami due to landslides. 9.4. Tsunami due to meteorites impact -- 10. Waves at islands and coral reefs. 10.1. Introduction. 10.2. Maximum wave height on shoal flat. 10.3. Sheltering of surface waves by islands. 10.4. Scattering of waves by a group of islands. 10.5. Prediction of waves on island archipelagoes. 10.6. Interaction of waves with coral reef bottoms -- 11. Waves in mangrove forests. 11.1. Introduction. 11.2. Waves in mangrove forest of constant water depth. 11.3. Waves in mangrove forest of changing water depth -- 12. Wave-induced pressure and flow in a porous bottom. 12.1. Introduction. 12.2. Wave-induced pore pressure in sea bottom. 12.3. Pore pressure in sea bottom due to wave set-up. 12.4. Experimental data on pore pressure. 12.5. Spectral properties of wave-induced pore pressure. 12.6. Ciculation in permeable rippled bed -- 13. Wave observations and long-term statistics. 13.1. Introduction. 13.2. Wave observations. 13.3. Wave geography. 13.4. Long-term statistics of sea severity -- 14. Wave measurement techniques. 14.1. Introduction. 14.2. A single point wave data. 14.3. Remote sensing techniques -- 15. Data processing and simulation techniques. 15.1. Introduction. 15.2. Data processing methods. 15.3. Numerical simulation techniques




Theory and Applications of Ocean Surface Waves: Nonlinear aspects


Book Description

This book is an expanded version of The Applied Dynamics of Ocean Surface Waves. It presents theoretical topics on ocean wave dynamics, including basic principles and applications in coastal and offshore engineering as well as coastal oceanography. Advanced analytical and numerical techniques are applied, such as singular perturbations. In this expanded edition, two chapters on recent developments have been added: one is on multiple scattering by periodic or random bathymetry, and the other is on Zakharov's theory of broad spectrum wave fields. New sections include topics on infragravity waves, upstream solitons, Venice storm gates, etc. In addition, there are many new exercises. Theory and Applications of Ocean Surface Waves will be invaluable for graduate students and researchers in coastal and ocean engineering, geophysical fluid dynamicists interested in water waves, and theoretical scientists and applied mathematicians wishing to develop new techniques for challenging problems or to apply techniques existing elsewhere.




Two-Dimensional Axisymmetric Calculations of Surface Waves Generated by an Explosion in an Island, Mountain and Sedimentary Basin


Book Description

The generation of long period (20-50 second) surface waves by an explosion on an island, inside a mountain, or near a material discontinuity is studied using two-dimensional axisymmetric finite difference calculations. The generation of surface waves can be reduced substantially if the explosion is close to a vertical boundary such as a material velocity reduction, mountain slope, or island/ocean boundary. This occurs because the horizontal components of the static stress field are reduced at the boundary. Three sets of finite difference calculations were performed for an 'island' surrounded by an 'ocean' of air, water and a low velocity solid. Calculations include 'ocean' depths of 3 km and 6 km, and the 'island' varies in diameter from 6 km to 48 km. For a 48 km island material boundary has little effect on the surface waves. For an island width equal to the ocean depth, however, the surface wave generation is reduced by an order of magnitude for air and water, and reduced by more than a factor of 2 for the low velocity solid. Comparisons with the geography of the Amchitka and Mururoa island test sites show that this effect is small for explosions at those sites, however the effect appears to be important for Novaya Zemlya and other sites where explosions are detonated inside mountains, and at sites with strong material variations. A similar numerical experiment for an explosion in a sedimentary basin shows that surface waves can be amplified by the presence of a high velocity non-source boundary.




Theory And Applications Of Ocean Surface Waves (In 2 Parts)


Book Description

This book is an expanded version of The Applied Dynamics of Ocean Surface Waves. It presents theoretical topics on ocean wave dynamics, including basic principles and applications in coastal and offshore engineering as well as coastal oceanography. Advanced analytical and numerical techniques are applied, such as singular perturbations. In this expanded version, three chapters on recent developments have been added. The first is on multiple scattering by periodic or random bathymetry. The second is on Zakharov's theory of nonlinear wave fields with broad spectra. The third is an extensive discussion of powerful numerical techniques for highly nonlinear waves. Other new topics include infragravity waves, upstream solitons, Venice storm gates, etc. In addition, there are many new exercises.Theory and Applications of Ocean Surface Waves will be invaluable for graduate students and researchers in coastal and ocean engineering, geophysical fluid dynamicists interested in water waves, and theoretical scientists and applied mathematicians wishing to develop new techniques for challenging problems or to apply techniques existing elsewhere.